Experience of the Nuclear Negotiations with Iran in 2013-2015: Lessons for Joe Biden’s Administration

The article stresses on the importance to solve the problem of Iran’s nuclear program during Joe Biden’s presidency and suggests using the experience of the past nuclear talks with Iran to find a solution of this issue. The article notes that its purpose is to analyze the experience of past negotiations on resolving the problem of Iran’s nuclear program and the prospects of practical application of this experience to solve this problem in the future. The method of system analysis, method of comparative analysis and method of content analysis were used in the article. The article considers the experience of the negotiations with Iran regarding its nuclear program that took place in 2013 – 2015 and successfully ended by signing the nuclear deal with Iran – Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). It is analyzed in the article what the lessons could be drawn from those past negotiations and how these lessons could be used by President Joe Biden and other western leaders to achieve a good nuclear deal with Iran. It is concluded that the preconditions for the nuclear talks with Iran in the mid-2010s significantly differed from the situation around Iran’s nuclear program in the early 2020s and at the beginning of Joe Biden’s presidency. The article mentions that unlike in the mid-2010s, in the early 2020s the international community and even the NATO allies did not have a united position toward Iran’s nuclear program. Furthermore, Joe Biden’s administration faced much more developed and modernized Iran’s missile and space program than Barak Obama’s administration did. The article proves that those two main obstacles (absence of the united international position regarding Iran’s nuclear program and much more developed missile program) hindered Joe Biden’s administration to bring the United States back to the JCPOA immediately after presidential inauguration in January 2021. The article also mentions another obstacle for recovering JCPOA – Iran’s regional policy that harms US interests as well as the interests of US partners in the Middle East. It is reminded in the article that that obstacle was already present during Barak Obama’s presidency and did not hinder to achieve the JCPOA. The article supposes that in a similar way Joe Biden’s administration could postpone solving the regional contradictions with Iran in order to close at least nuclear issue at the beginning. It is reminded in the article that some provisions of the JCPOA will expire soon, and this opens an opportunity to start already now negotiating the new nuclear deal with Iran that would take into account concerns regarding Iran’s missile program and its regional policy.

Cosmonaut Gossip

The diaries of Nikolai P. Kamanin, a well-placed official in the early Soviet space program in charge of cosmonaut selection and chaperoning, have been an important source for historians since their publication in the 1990s. This article reevaluates the diary entries from 1961 to 1965, using the framework of gossip. The diaries’ salacious tales of infidelity, drinking, and other violations of communist morality provide cultural historians with as much insightful material as the parallel technological entries have done for historians of science and space engineering. The cosmonaut gossip that Kamanin records comprised a mix of knowledge production and moralizing that built and reinforced his self-fashioning among the Soviet elite. Furthermore, reading the diaries (a private text) through the lens of gossip (a public act) helps us see how socialist masculinity was forged in part through the specific hybridized private-public performances required of elite men.

Study on the Implementation of the Green City Development Program (PK2H) through Optimizing Green Open Space (RTH) in Ilir Barat I District, Palembang City

This study aims to analyze the development, utilization, supervision, and control of the green open space program in Ilir Barat I Sub-District, Palembang. This study was conducted in, Ilir Barat I Sub-District, Palembang city.October 2019 to December 2019. On this research used descriptive qualitative methods and analysis of vegetation (Anveg) by using and purposive sampling. Based on the analysis,The Sub-District of Ilir Barat I has a Green Open Space (RTH) covering an area of 101,389 m2 with a percentage of 0.51%. The area of it does not meet the minimum area of green space based on Law No. 26 of 2007 in article 29 paragraph (2) of 30% and has met the requirements of article 29 paragraph (3) of 20%. With the distribution of green open space is the Puncak Sekuning TPU with an area of 40,000 m² with a percentage of 0.20%.The green space location with the smallest area in the stadium of Bumi Sriwijaya has a green space of 1,627 m² with a percentage of 0.01%. The area of green space in the District of Ilir Barat I Palembang based on the results of the study was 101,389 m², while the area of it based on Palembang PRKP data in the Sub-District of Ilir Barat I of Palembang City was 96,166 m². Researcher measurement data has a difference of 5,223 m² with data from the Palembang City PRKP Service. Angsana tree (Pterocarpus indicus), The highest number of tree in green line (road side) is Trembesi (Albizia saman) while in median road is Tanjung (Mimusops elengi).

MALL SUKARAMI PALEMBANG

Humans are social creatures, therefore humans really need public space to interact with one another. Apart from being useful for interaction, public spaces can also be used to meet the needs of habitation and become the background for the development of human life, both in social, economic, cultural and entertainment activities. However, the lack of adequate public space in an area will make the area underdeveloped and make it difficult for the people of the area to meet the needs of the community. The design of the Sukarami Mall program is a public space divided into 2 main programs which are shopping to meet needs and supporting programs that are recreational in nature, where the main program is a shopping program that accommodates people's needs in the form of clothing, food, shelter, while recreational support is used for meet the needs of society. Where this program is the background of regional development in terms of regional, socio-economic and entertainment. in the shopping space program, it focuses more on daily shopping needs, while the recreational support program is oriented towards culinary and hangout recreation. Keywords: mall; sukarami palembang; shopping center AbstrakManusia merupakan makhluk sosial maka dari itu manusia sangat membutuhkan ruang publik untuk berinteraksi satu dengan yang lainnya. Selain berguna untuk berinteraksi, ruang publik juga bisa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan berhuni dan menjadi latar belakang perkembangan kehidupan manusia, baik dalam kegiatan sosial ,ekonomi , budaya maupun hiburan. Namun kurangnya ruang publik yang memadahi disebuah kawasan akan membuat kawasan tersebut menjadi keterbelakangan dan membuat masyarakat kawasan tersebut menjadi sulit untuk memenuhi kebutuhan berhuni masyarakat. Rancangan program Sukarami Mall ini merupakan ruang publik yang dibagi menjadi 2 program utama yang bersifat perbelanjaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan program penunjang yang bersifat rekreasi, dimana program utama merupakan program perbelanjaan yang mengakomodir kebutuhan masyarakat berupa kebutuhan sandang ,pangan, papan, sedangkan penunjang rekreasi guna untuk memehuni kebutuhan bersosisali masyarakat. Dimana program ini kan menjadi latar belakang perkembangan kawasan dari segi, sosial ekonomi dan hiburan kawasan. pada program ruang perbelanjaan lebih memfokuskan kepada kebutuhan berbelanja harian, sedangkan program penunjang rekreasi berorientasi ke rekreasi bidang kuliner dan tongkrongan.

RUANG KOMUNITAS DIGITAL DAN BUDAYA

The issue of covid 19 emerged in 2019 which affected the arrangement of space and the way humans interact. Increasing human dependence on digital media now that will lead to the industrial era 5.0. The needs for both students and work are high, technology inequality in each region. The density of the population and buildings, as well as open space which is only 9.98% is not sufficient for space. Furthermore, it is predicted that 65% of people will live in urban areas by 2050. Based on time, the human way of life will change towards industry 5.0. Digital will play an important role. Human being is important. Human activities that have meaning. In Setu village, Betawi cultural activities are quite thick. The Baritan ceremony is an activity that supports the sustainability of the building. Being and time is modified between culture and technology to produce new experiences. Design method with stages a) Setu environment; b) Issues and issue resolution concepts; c) Design Concept; d)Site Selection and Selected Sites; e) Site; f) Building Mass Concept; g) Zoning and Space Program; h) Facades, exteriors and interiors. The conclusion is the design of the Digital and Cultural Community Space by applying the Contextual concept with the Neo Vernacular style. Keywords: community; covid; culture; digital; industryAbstrakIsu covid 19 muncul ditahun 2019 yang mempengaruhi susunan ruang dan cara manusia berinteraksi. Meningkatkan ketergantungan manusia terhadap media digital sekarang yang akan menuju era industri 5.0. Kebutuhan dari sisi pelajar maupun bekerja tinggi, ketidakmerataan teknologi di setiap daerah. Padatnya penduduk dan bangunan, serta ruang terbuka yang hanya 9.98% tidak mencukupi kebutuhan ruang. Ditambah lagi diprediksikan adanya 65% masyarakat akan tinggal di perkotaan tahun 2050. Berdasarkan waktu, cara hidup manusia akan berubahan menuju industri 5.0. Digital akan mengambil peran penting. Keberadaan manusia penting atau juga being. Aktivitas manusia yang memiliki arti. Di kelurahan Setu, aktivitas budaya Betawi cukup kental. Adanya upacara Baritan sebagai salah satu aktivitas sebagai event yang mendukung keberlangsungan bangunan. Being and time ini dimodifikasi antara kultur dan teknologi menghasikan pengalaman baru. Metode perancangan dengan tahapan a)Lingkungan Setu; b) Isu dan konsep penyelesaian isu; c)Konsep Perancangan; d)Pemilihan Tapak dan Tapak Terpilih; e) Tapak; f)Konsep Massa Bangunan; g) Zoning dan Program Ruang; h)Facade, eksterior, dan interior. Kesimpulan perancangan Ruang Komunitas Digital dan Budaya dengan menerapkan konsep Kontekstual dengan gaya Neo Vernakular.