Fairy Tales and the Creation of the “Future Nation” of Manchukuo

From 1932 to 1945, imperial Japan established the puppet state of Manchukuo in a region now known as Northeast China. During those 14 years, the region’s literary world did not fall silent, though after the regime's demise, it was scarcely studied by scholars for over three decades. Since 1978, investigation of Manchukuo literature has revived considerably. However, research on children's literature, especially of fairy tales, is still a blank field. This continues, even though substantial numbers of fairy tales were published during the Japanese occupation, consciously and unconsciously shaping what was deemed the "future nation" of Manchukuo. Fairy tales exerted far-reaching influences upon local children's education. This chapter argues, through analysis of fairy tale writers’ careers, texts, and media networks, that these tales were not only entertaining literary creations but constituted powerful propaganda tools to construct and deconstruct the puppet regime’s "Kingly Paradise." Manchukuo’s fairy tales thus deserve greater status in research of the history of modern Chinese – and East Asian – literature.

ALMA twenty-six arcmin2 survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO)

The ALMA twenty-six arcmin2 survey of GOODS-S at one millimeter (ASAGAO) is a deep (1σ ∼ 61μJy/beam) and wide area (26 arcmin2) survey on a contiguous field at 1.2 mm. By combining with archival data, we obtained a deeper map in the same region (1σ ∼ 30μJy/beam−1, synthesized beam size 0.59″ × 0.53″), providing the largest sample of sources (25 sources at 5σ, 45 sources at 4.5σ) among ALMA blank-field surveys. The median redshift of the 4.5σ sources is 2.4. The number counts shows that 52% of the extragalactic background light at 1.2 mm is resolved into discrete sources. We create IR luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 1–3, and constrain the faintest luminosity of the LF at 2 < z < 3. The LFs are consistent with previous results based on other ALMA and SCUBA-2 observations, which suggests a positive luminosity evolution and negative density evolution.

Body As Media In Action Drawing Titled Metamorposer 6

The artist observe her own life and choose metamorphosis of butterfly as a metaphor. The idea of a visual artwork entitled Metamorposer 6 particulary taken from the phase of metamorphosis called pupa stage, the work is about the artist who needs to be alone like a caterpillar in a chrysalis to contemplate her selfish side and the desire to devote to her family. Action of drawing as a form of art is chosen to represent the process of making a distance with the surrounding environment and building a space of seclusion. The artist tried to improve her way of creation through media exploration, she also make some conventional result-oriented drawing on the transparant media prior to her action drawing. The idea is communicated not only through strokes of pigment on the transparent panel but also through a process that unifies the space, time and body as media in action drawing. The blank field on the panel is filled with drawings made analogously by the artist throuh manipulating the alkohol-based permanent marker with her right hand and the execution takes about 16 hours in total. The performance in this action drawing displays the drawing lines that slowly covered the body of the artist in a vitrine or transparent case constructed on a table. The present of the body in the action drawing as one of the media being compared with other previous works of notorious artist in an effort to conclude its meaning, function and experience.Seniman mengamati kehidupannya sendiri dan memilih metamorfosis kupu-kupu sebagai metafora. Ide karya seni visual yang berjudul Metamorposer 6 secara partikular berfokus pada fase metamorfosis yang disebut pupa, karya adalah tentang seniman yang perlu sendirian seperti ulat di dalam kepompong untuk merenungkan sisi egoisnya dan keinginan untuk berbakti kepada keluarganya . Action drawing sebagai sebuah bentuk seni dipilih untuk mewakili proses pembuatan jarak dengan lingkungan sekitar dan membangun ruang pengasingan. Sang seniman berusaha memperbaiki cara kreasinya melalui eksplorasi media, ia juga membuat beberapa gambar berorientasi hasil pada media transparan sebelum action drawing. Idenya dikomunikasikan tidak hanya melalui goresan pigmen pada panel transparan tetapi juga melalui proses yang menyatukan ruang, waktu dan tubuh sebagai media dalam aksi menggambar. Bidang kosong pada panel diisi dengan gambar yang dibuat secara analog oleh seniman yang memanipulasi marker permanen berbasis alkohol dengan tangan kanannya. Eksekusi karya memakan waktu sekitar 16 jam secara total. Seniman melalui action drawing menampilkan garis gambar yang perlahan-lahan menutupi tubuhnya yang dipajang dalam vitrine atau kotak transparan yang biasa untuk menyajikan benda seni. Kehadiran tubuh dalam action drawing sebagai salah satu media perlu dibandingkan dengan karya seniman terkenal lainnya yang berbasis aksi dan tubuh guna menemukan makna, fungsi dan menjabarkannya sebagai sebuah pengalaman.

Probing the Cosmic Frontier of Galaxies

Understanding when and how the first galaxies formed and what sources reionized the universe are key goals of extragalactic astronomy. Thanks to deep surveys with the powerful WFC3/IR camera on the HST, the observational frontier of galaxy build-up now lies at only ~450 Myr after the Big Bang, at redshifts z ~10-12. In combination with deep data from Spitzer/IRAC we can now probe the evolution of the stellar mass density over 96% of cosmic history. However, detecting and characterizing galaxies at these early epochs is challenging even for HST and the sample sizes at the earliest redshifts are still very small. The Hubble Frontier Fields provide a prime new dataset to improve upon our current, sparse sampling of the UV luminosity function at z>8 from blank fields to answer some of the most pressing open questions. For instance, even the evolution of the cosmic star-formation rate density at z>8 is still debated. While our measurements based on blank field data indicate that galaxies with SFR>0.7 Msol/yr disappear quickly from the cosmic record between z~8 and z~10, other previous results, e.g., from the CLASH survey favor a more moderate decline. Here, we briefly review the recent progress in studying galaxy build-up out to z~10 from the combined blank field and existing Frontier Field datasets and discuss their implications for primordial galaxy formation and cosmic reionization.

Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Temperature and Humidity in Taxodium distichum Shelterbelts of Jiangmen, South China

Temporal and spatial patterns of temperature and humidity in shelterbelts of Taxodium distichum were investigated using routine observation and gradient observation methods in sampling plots placed in Taxodium distichum shelterbelts, sugarcane, and open (blank) fields, respectively. The results showed that: 1) Taxodium distichum shelterbelts mitigated air temperature in July. Air temperature of Taxodium distichum shelterbelts was 0.7 °C and 1.7 °C lower than that of sugarcane field and blank field in July, respectively, while less change of air temperature in January was recorded. Air temperature at 20 cm from the ground in the Taxodium distichum shelterbelts was the highest in April, October and January, but the lowest in July; 2) Relative humidity in the Taxodium distichum shelterbelts was higher than in blank field through the four seasons, but lower than in sugarcane field in July, October and January. Relative humidity in sugarcane field and Taxodium distichum shelterbelts was higher near the ground, and relative humidity in sugarcane field increased significantly; 3) One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD indicated that both air temperature and relative humidity were significantly different with a seasonal pattern among shelterbelts of Taxodium distichum, sugarcane field and open field (P＜0.001).

Measuring the cosmic star-formation rate density using deep radio surveys

There is now good agreement between the various methods of estimating the space density of the star-formation rate (SFRD) at low redshifts (z < 1), with uncertainties around 30–50%. However, the situation at higher redshifts remains much less clear, with uncertainties in the SFRD, due to e.g. poorly known dust absorption corrections, of as much as 300–500%. Radio emission from star-forming galaxies is unaffected by absorption and scales linearly with star-formation rate, thus the radio luminosity of star-forming galaxies provides an excellent independent, unbiased measure of their star-formation rate. The current deepest ‘blank field’ radio surveys (reaching <10 μJy rms at 1.4 GHz) are sensitive enough to detect starburst galaxies out to z ~ 3, and so potentially offer an excellent way to measure the SFRD. Indeed, modelling of the sub-mJy source counts requires an additional population of faint steep spectrum objects, that are very likely to be starburst galaxies.