Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Associated with High-Grade Vulva Injury (Usual-Type Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia): Surgical Treatment with Cutaneous Flap Advancement

The aim of the present article is to report the case of a young patient with bowenoid papulosis who was a carrier of other sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), such as HIV and high-grade vulva lesion (usual-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, VIN), and to demonstrate the strategy used to manage the case, as well as to discuss important issues regarding the standardization of intraepithelial lesions.8

A retrospective study on incidence, diagnosis, and clinical outcome of gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in a single institution

Background Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma is rare but the most common subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus. It is more aggressive with a shorter five-year survival rate compared to human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma. The objectives of our study were to determine the incidence and clinical-pathological characteristics of Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in a single institution. Methods Twenty four cases of invasive cervical adenocarcinoma were identified between January 2000 and December 2015, from the Saskatoon Health Region pathology database using International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification to retrospectively classify endocervical adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies for Gastric mucin-6 (MUC-6), p16INK4a, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), p53 protein (p53), estrogen and progesterone receptors. Clinical and pathological data was retrieved from pathology reports and charts. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-Square test. Results Using the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification criteria, 19 cases (79.2%) were classified as human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma, and five cases (20.8%) as Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma. In our study 40% of Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases presented at stage III compared to none of the usual type endocervical carcinoma cases. All the Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases were positive for MUC-6, and negative for p16. 60% Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases demonstrated mutant type p53 staining. In contrast, 84.2% of human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases showed block like nuclear and cytoplasmic positivity with p16 antibodies. The Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma group had significantly shorter median survival time than human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma group, Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma is 22 months compared to human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma at 118 months (p = 0.043). Conclusions In this study, Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma accounted for 20.8% of all cervical adenocarcinoma with higher stage at presentation and shorter overall survival. Criteria proposed by International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) are simple and reproducible in differentiating between, HPV- associated (HPVA) and non HPV associated (NHPVA) endocervical adenocarcinoma. Although none of the IHC assays is specific for GAS, but p16, MUC-6, ER, PR and p53 may further aid in confirming GAS and to differentiate it from benign and malignant mimics.

Estimation for two exponential life time models under joint multiply type-II censoring

Various types of censoring schemes basically type-I and type-II censoring schemes and their modified versions are used in life testing experiments. Most of the tests used in life testing experiments are based on a single sample. A joint censoring scheme is quite useful in conducting comparative life tests of products from different units within the same facility. In this article, we consider two exponential life time models under joint multiply type-II censoring scheme, which is a generalization of usual type-II censoring scheme, implemented on the two samples. We have considered maximum likelihood estimation and Bayesian estimation for estimating the reliability of the product under such a censoring scheme. The results are compared with the results obtained under usual type-II censoring scheme. In Bayes estimation the effect of prior parameters on mean life time and reliability of the product is discussed. We have used the local influence approach for identifying observations that strike a disproportionate effect in the maximum likelihood estimate of the reliability in the model. The life time data set of air-conditioning systems of two Boeing 720 jet airplanes “7914” and “7913” are used to apply the theory developed in the paper.

A Retrospective Study on Incidence, Diagnosis, and Clinical Outcome of Gastric-type Endocervical Adenocarcinoma in a Single Institution

Background: Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma is rare but the most common subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus. It is more aggressive with a shorter five-year survival rate compared to human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma. The objectives of our study were to determine the incidence and clinical-pathological characteristics of Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma in a single institution. Methods: Twenty four cases of invasive cervical adenocarcinoma were identified between January 2000 and December 2015, from the Saskatoon Health Region pathology database using International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification to retrospectively classify endocervical adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies for Gastric mucin-6 (MUC-6), p16INK4a, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), p53 protein (p53), estrogen and progesterone receptors. Clinical and pathological data was retrieved from pathology reports and charts. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-Square test.Results: Using the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification criteria, 19 cases (79.2%) were classified as human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma, and five cases (20.8%) as Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma. In our study 40% of Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases presented at stage III compared to none of the usual type endocervical carcinoma cases. All the Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases were positive for MUC-6, and negative for p16. 60% Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases demonstrated mutant type p53 staining. In contrast, 84.2% of human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma cases showed block like nuclear and cytoplasmic positivity with p16 antibodies. The Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma group had significantly shorter median survival time than human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma group, Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma is 22 months compared to human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma at 118 months (p = 0.043). Conclusions: In this study, Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma accounted for 20.8% of all cervical adenocarcinoma with higher stage at presentation and shorter overall survival. Histomorphology and immunohistochemistry for MUC-6 and p16 could differentiate between Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma and human papillomavirus-associated usual type endocervical adenocarcinoma.

Only the Best Olive Oil, Please: On New Amphorae Finds From Mursa

Large scale rescue excavations in the former Barracks area in present-day Osijek (Mursa) in eastern Croatia yielded important Late La Tène and Roman finds. Thin-walled pottery, terra sigillata and amphorae point to a flourishing 1st c. AD phase of the Roman settlement, especially from the middle of the century until the Flavian era. Amphorae present a small percentage in the recovered pottery, among them dominate those of type Dressel 6B with two stamped pieces. Other types are less common and correspond to the usual type assemblage of other contemporary sites in the region. Since the Dressel 6B type is usually associated with the distribution of olive oil but also to the movements of the Roman army, these examples are used as an opportunity to discuss possible final recipients of the recovered vessels and reflect on the frequency of stamps during the 1st c. AD in Pannonian amphorae samples.