Expert endorsement and the legitimacy of public policy. Evidence from Covid19 mitigation strategies.

During a pandemic, the government requires active compliance by citizens. While these demands can be enforced with rewards and punishments, legitimacy allows the government to achieve the same results with greater cost effectiveness. In this article, we measure revealed legitimacy through support of three potential mitigation strategies against Covid19, when they are defended using expert endorsement, consultation by civil society, and mediation between opposing interests. We elicit approval of the supporting arguments and of the communication strategy. Our methodological choice was to randomly assign participants to either a non-conflicting priming or to one that emphasizes the risks involved, (e.g. connection between health and economy, uncertainty, and economic costs). The data come from an online experiment we conducted as part of a longitudinal study of several countries. The countries included are Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The results show that the support of experts in non-controversial domains is preferred (consensus of value, low uncertainty, diffuse rents). Contrary to our hypotheses, we found that citizen deliberation is not preferred under high epistemic uncertainty, and mediation is either indifferent or not preferred under conflict of value and conflict of interest.

Implementation of Coaching on Nursing Motivation and Workplace for Nurses to Reduce Burnout

Introduction. Burnout is a symptom that is often experienced by nurses, especially in the operating room, intensive unit and emergency room. Burnout is characterized by fatigue of heavy workloads, lack of control and appreciation, unfair treatment as employees, lack of social support at work, and conflict of value values that cause Emotional Exhausting, Depersonalization, Personal Accreditation. Coaching implementation by mentors to the implementing nurses is expected to reduce burnout. Methods. This study aims to analyze the description of the differences and influence of coaching implementation by mentor to the executor nurse burnout at Siloam Hospitals Group. Research uses quantitative methods with quasi experimental designs, pretest-posttest control group and causal research. The sample in the study was chosen by consecutve sampling in all respondents included in the inclusion criteria. The sample in this study amounted to 117 nurses, who were divided into 2 groups ie inetrvensi group with 88 respondents and control group with 29 respondents. Coaching implementation is given within 12 weeks with the frequency of meetings 3-4 times. Results. The results of this study showed that there was a decrease in burnout before and after intervention with paired t test in the intervention group and control group, with value (p = 0.002). Conclusion. The results of the intervention analysis on the implementation of coaching training simultaneously have an effect on motivation, workplace, age, gender, education and work experience simultaneously with a contribution of F 3,316 with a significance number of 0.005 <0.05. This study recommends the need for further research.

Compliance and Conflict of Value in Public Policy Implementation: Comparison between the New Order and the Reformation Era

This research aims to examine differences in the relationship of bureaucratic and political officials during the New Order (Soeharto’s era) and the Reformation (post-Soeharto) era within the arena of public policy implementation. This is a matter of importance given that there is a change in relations between the two from integration in the New Order to bureaucratic impartiality in the Reformation Era. This study attempts to answer the question: How were the relations of bureaucratic and political officials in the implementation of local level public policy during the New Order and the Reformation Era? A qualitative research has been conducted in Tegal Municipality using the following data collection techniques: interview, focus group discussion, documentation, and observation. Tegal Municipality was selected as the study location because of the unique relationship shown between the mayor and the bureaucracy. Its uniqueness lies in the emergence of bureaucratic officials who dare to oppose political officials, based on their convictions that bureaucratic/public values should be maintained even if it means having to be in direct conflict with political officials. This research indicates that the relationship between bureaucratic and political officials in the arena of local level policy implementation during the New Order was characterized as being full of pressure and compliance, whereas during the Reformation Era bureaucrats have the audacity to hinder policy implementation. Such audacity to thwart policies is considered to have developed from a stance that aims to protect public budget and values in policies. The occurring conflict of values here demonstrates a dichotomy of political and bureaucratic officials that is different from the prevailing definition of politics-administration dichotomy introduced at the onset of Public Administration studies.

NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL YANG DITERAPKAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN TANAH PARIWISATA SRI GETHUK DI BLEBERAN, PLAYEN, GUNUNG KIDUL

The management of the land of Sri Gethuk waterfall in Bleberan Playen Gunungkidul should be by applying local wisdom values locally. The results showed: first, the value of local wisdom used in the management of Srigethuk tourism is the value of innovation, persistence value, the value of togetherness, the value of musyawarah, the value of locality and religious value; secondly, the Solution if there is a conflict of value in the management of Srigethuk tourism is done through compromise, deliberation or wisdom. IntisariPengelolaan tanah wisata air terjun Sri Gethuk di Bleberan Playen Gunungkidul seharusnya dengan menerapkan nilai kearifan lokal setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pertama, nilai kearifan lokal yang digunakan dalam pengelolaan wisata Srigethuk adalah nilai inovatif, nilai kegigihan, nilai kebersamaan, nilai musyawarah, nilai lokalitas dan nilai religious; kedua, Solusi jika terjadi benturan nilai dalam pengelolaan wisata Srigethuk dilakukan melalui kompromi, musyawarah atau kebijaksanaan/ kearifan.

Attitudes and Language Behaviour

One of the recent developments in sociolinguistics is the investigation of the relationship between a speaker’s personal disposition or cultural value system and his language behaviour. William Labov (1963) notes that a tendency of the inhabitants of Martha’s Vineyard to modify their pronunciation of diphthongs relates to their feelings of resentment towards intruders from the mainland United States. In a later publication, Labov (1964:94) observes that language may be viewed as a system for integrating cultural values, and he cites the conflict of value systems as a probable cause for the failure of students to acquire Standard English despite their exposure to 12 years of teaching. Although in many instances value systems may closely parallel social classes, certain types of values, such as those associated with political and religious persuasions, for example, cut across socio-economic classes. It follows from this that, by isolating attitudes from socio-economic class descriptions, a more accurate assessment can be made of their effects on language behaviour.In English-speaking Canada, and particularly in British Columbia, some Canadians identify themselves culturally with Britain and its people, some with the United States, and others actively seek a uniquely Canadian identity. The reasons for these differences in outlook are not difficult to find, given the history of the settlement of Canada and of its political and economic development. Nor is it surprising that Canadian English has been characterized as “a dialect which resembles American English in some respects and British English in others and includes, at the same time, a great deal that is significantly Canadian” (Avis 1966:19). This paper attempts to show that the attitudes referred to above are reflected in language usage.