IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DÉFENSE PUBLIC POLICY DEFEND THE STATE IN INDONESIAN UNIVERSITIES

Indonesia in May 2018 was again shocked by the act of terrorism in the form of an explosion that occurred in urban areas on three Surabaya churches carried out by one family, the next action was an explosion in the North Surabaya Police Resort City with a suicide bombing involving one family as well. This fact is an indicator that the nation must re-evaluate the country's defence, which is carried out by the people. The perpetrators have been living with the community all this time but have escaped our mutual attention. Terrorism and radicalism cases also continue to thrive among universities, both state and private, especially those in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine how the implementation of state defence which has been carried out in higher education. In this study the method used is descriptive phenomenological quality and the theory used is the theory of public policy implementation George Edward III. The results of the study show that communication between stake holders is still running independently and has not been integrated and coordinated optimally, the resources used are still carried out individually which results in ineffective and inefficient, disposition (authority) regarding state defence still has its own perceptions between agencies, the bureaucratic structure also has not shown the achievement of effective and efficient goals.

Policy Implementation of Employment Opportunity for Persons with Disabilities in Pekanbaru City Government Agencies

The employment opportunity policy for persons with disabilities is a policy established by the Government which aims to provide employment opportunities and create employment opportunities for persons with disabilities in order to create equal employment rights between persons with disabilities and normal society so that discrimination against persons with disabilities is eliminated. This study aims to look at the implementation of employment opportunities policies for persons with disabilities in Pekanbaru City and the factors that influence the implementation of these policies. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. This study uses the theory of policy implementation according to Merilee S. Grindle which consists of two indicators that affect the performance of public policy implementation, namely indicators of policy content which include the interests of the target group, types of benefits, degree of desired change, location of decision making, program implementers, resources involved, and indicators of the implementation environment consisting of the powers, interests, and strategies of the actors involved; characteristics of institutions and authorities; compliance and responsiveness. The results of this study are the finding of deficiencies that must be considered to be improved, namely in the aspect of implementing responsiveness (lack of socialization) so that policy implementation has not run optimally in Pekanbaru City. Researchers also found several factors that influence the implementation of this policy in Pekanbaru City, namely the objectives of the policy, human resources, economic conditions, as well as the response and participation of the target group.

Implementasi E-Government dalam Proses Pelaporan Surat Pemberitahuan Pajak Daerah di Kabupaten Badung

E-Government is an effort to develop electronic-based governance to improve the quality of public services effectively and efficiently, in accordance with Presidential Instruction No. 3 of 2003 concerning e-Government Development Policies and Strategies. Technological developments affect the management of tax administration both for government and taxpayer needs from manual to online systems, thereby saving time, work processes, and paper. By applying online taxes so that good governance is created. The formulation of the problem, namely: 1) How is the implementation of e-Government in the process of reporting Regional Tax Returns to the Badung Regency Government? 2) What are the supporting factors and obstacles to the implementation of e-Government in the process of reporting Regional Tax Returns to the Badung Regency Government? The theory used is the theory of public policy implementation model of Merilee S. Grindle and the theory of public policy implementation model of George C. Edwards III. The research approach used a qualitative descriptive. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The technique of determining informants using purposive sampling. The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative data analysis, including: data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the research findings concluded that: 1) The implementation of e-Government in the process of reporting Local Tax Returns to the Badung Regency Government has been implemented by implementing an online local tax system through e-SPTPD. 2) The supporting factors for the implementation of e-Government in the process of reporting the Regional Tax Returns to the Badung Regency Government include: the commitment of the Badung Regency Government in public services through e-Government, resources (resources), socialization, internet networks, and taxpayer awareness . While the factors inhibiting the implementation of e-Government in the process of reporting Regional Tax Returns to the Badung Regency Government include: knowledge and awareness of taxpayers and the Covid-19 pandemic.

A Critical Assessment of the Value of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Public Policy Implementation Theories, with Reference to the Case of Implementation of Passport Seva: An eGovernance Policy in India

What are the challenges in public policy processes? Why do some critical public problems not carry to the agenda-setting of policy-making, or even if carried, they fail during implementation? One of the responses to these queries is that policy-making often happens in a complex, dynamic, sociopolitical environment where there are overarching structures above the policy makers and there are competing actors, ideas, groups, policy networks, institutions and policy subsystem that interact with unequal power and conflicting interests (Sanderson, 2009). It is thus realised that the systematic study of public policy is significant for bringing progressive change in society. Hence it is required to build new knowledge and to improve upon the working of public policy. This article will study the value of the top down and bottom up theories in the case of implementation of a new eGovernance policy on passport issuance in India. The findings are that due to resistance from different stakeholders, the project could be implemented only after certain bottom up changes to the policy along with change management strategies.

Policy Implementation to Prevent and Control the Covid-19 by BPBD of Minahasa Regency

Based on the Implementation of the Covid-19 Prevention and Control Policy by the Minahasa Regency BPBD, the policy implementation model is more directed to the Public Policy Implementation Model proposed by Grindle. Policies have clear objectives as a form of policy value orientation. The objectives of policy implementation are formulated into specific action programs and projects that are designed and financed. The program is implemented according to plan. The implementation of a policy or program is – broadly speaking – influenced by the content and the context of implementation. Overall the policy implementation is evaluated by measuring program outcomes based on policy objectives. The results of this qualitative study prove that the legal basis is binding on policies in the prevention and control of Covid-19 BPBD Minahasa Regency.

Public Policy Implementation of the Jakarta Government's Policy: Study of Community Relocation Around the Reservoir

This study aims to understand the Jakarta government's policy in relocating people from the Ria Rio Reservoir and placing them in flats (rusunawa). Based on the research findings that have been done, it is concluded that strict facility restrictions are necessary to prevent the transfer of rental rights from low-income people to the upper class. The existence of a Management Agency is deemed necessary by residents. It is evidenced by the high number of answers residents require of a Management Agency and supported again by the feeling of obedience to the residents' management board. Constraints in the provision of housing on the need side It is difficult to invite low-income people and residents of slums who are generally classified as poor to want to live in apartment units. Performance measurement cannot be done only on a one-year deadline. Performance has been disrupted by past policies that have prevented the achievement of housing development targets (rusunawa) from being fully met. A synergy between regional and central interests is needed. Program handling must be in synergy with other program policies.

Victims profile in function of motorcycle engine potency and assisted by the Fire Department of Uberlândia, Brazil

Introduction: Traffic accidents are a global issue, especially in emerging countries, resulting in a high number of deaths and significant social and economic expenditures with victims. Motorcycle accidents stand out mainly by its greater vulnerability, and studies relating bike engine potency and accidents are still rare. Objective: To trace the profile of victims involved in motorcycle accidents as a function of motorcycle power that were assisted by the Fire Department in Uberlândia, Brazil. Methodology: A transversal, retrospective, analytic and quantitative study, based on a public database. Twelve thousand nine hundred occurrence reports were retrospectively analyzed between 2015 and 2018 in the Integrated System of Social Defense from the Military Fire Department of Minas Gerais state database. Variables that allowed accident characterization were collected (such as motorcycle conductor or passenger and from the accident itself) and were compared in function of the motorcycle power or engine potency (less than 250 CC as low and more than 250 CC as high). Results: There was a lack of information in reports about the accident and even greater lack about the injured person, ranging from 0% to 52%. The predominance of accidents was with motorcycles below 250 CC. The values of severity and clinical data scores were not different between engine potency categories, except for the heart frequency of the injured, with a median of 82 and 80 beats for high and low engine potency, respectively. A greater frequency of accidents involving men, single, with higher education conducting motorcycles over 250 CC, involved in falls, with occurrence between 18:01 and 24:00 hours was noted. However, accidents occurred mostly with small-sized vehicles and motorcycles and did not differ between days of the week. Accidents showed a spatial pattern where most accidents occurred downtown and, consequently, in more commercial regions, with no major differences in engine potency. Conclusion: Even though accident severity did not differ between engine potency categories, the profile of participants showed some differences. This information, along with more complete and broader data in the reports, can offer subsides for more assertive public policy implementation to mitigate traffic accidents.

NPO/NGO Education in Public Administration in South Korea

This study examines how NPO/NGO-related themes and theories are incorporated into public administration education in South Korea. By analyzing NPO/NGO-related courses in selected public administration programs, this research breaks down their curricula into major categories from the public administration and policy standpoints. This study found that civil society constitutes the public administration environment on the macro-level, while NPO/NGOs are key actors in the participatory governance and contracting-out on the micro-level. From the public policy standpoint, the advocacy function of NPO/NGOs took the central role in the public policy formation stage, while their service delivery function was highlighted in the public policy implementation stage. South Korean PA education is evaluated to take a top-down-style approach in embracing the roles of NPO/NGOs in the public policy implementation process. This study contributes to strengthening ties between PA education and NPO/NGO education and practices.