Evolution of head-shaft angle and neck-shaft angle in childhood

The current retrospective study investigates the natural evolution of head-shaft angle (HSA) and neck-shaft angle (NSA) in childhood. It is not known if a high HSA in early childhood leads to a high HSA in adulthood. This study aims to characterize the evolution of HSA and compares it with the more commonly known NSA in healthy children. We measured radiographs of 84 different healthy hips of children between 3 and 14.5 years old who underwent at least 2 radiographs of the pelvis, corresponding to 286 measurements. We used a linear mixed model to determine the covariance between random intercept and slope while allowing each individual hip to change over time. The covariance for HSA between random intercept and random slope was -4.262 (p < 0.001), corresponding to a high negative correlation of -0.717, for NSA -2.754 (p = 0.031) or a high negative correlation of -0.779. HSA and NSA were strongly correlated, a value of 0.736 (p < 0.001) was measured. The high negative correlation for random intercept and random slope means that the higher the initial value (intercept), the steeper the decline (slope). Therefore HSA decreases faster in hips with high HSA at an early age. Hips with high HSA in early childhood do not necessarily lead to hips with high HSA in adulthood. Our results may aid in future clinical decision making in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with high HSA in particular.

relationship between circadian rhythm and severity of psoriasis and obesity

The research aim is to identify the correlation between circadian rhythm in terms of changes in the chronotype of human working capacity and severity of psoriasis progression, obesity, and the disease impact on the quality of patients' life. Materials and Methods. The research focuses on the determination of the PASI, BMI, DIAG indexes and a patient's chronotype of working capacity. Results and Discussion. The results of the correlation analysis showed a very high negative correlation between chronotype of patients' working capacity and BMI. They also demonstrated a high negative correlation between PASI and DIAG indicators and chronotype of patients' working capacity. Conclusions. The circadian rhythm changes to the evening chronotype of human working capacity contribute to psoriasis worsening, weight gain, and negative impact of the disease on the quality of patients' life.

PERUBAHAN STATUS HARA NITROGEN PADA AIR GAMBUT DAN GAMBUT BEKAS TERBAKAR AKIBAT PERBEDAAN MUKA AIR

The burned peat in the farmland, Kalampangan Village have changed quite dramatically, such the water level is inundated during the rainy season and very dry during the drought season. Such conditions could be affecting the process of decomposition and chemical properties of peat and peat water associated with the availability of nutrients, especially nitrogen. This study aims to determine how the effect of water levels on the status of N in the burned ombrogenic peat in the Kalampangan Village. This research was uses a method of incubation as long as 40 days with the hanging column with the differences of water levels are 0, -10, -20, -30, 10, 20, and 30 cm. Parameter chemical properties of peat and peat, namely pH, total N, organic C, ammonium, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. Analysis of data of the chemical properties of peat and peat water was done by using ANOVA level of 5% and 1%, then also regression and correlation analysis. The results have showed that there was no significant effect on the chemical properties of water and peat due to the changes in water level. Incubated peats have a very acidic pH with a high positive correlation at drying and a low positive correlation at inundation, while the peat water was indicates a perfect positive correlation at drying and high negative correlation at inundation. Peat showed a high total N with a low positive correlation at drying and a perfect negative correlation at inundation, while the peat water was indicates a perfect positive correlation at drying and a high negative correlation at inundation. Ammonification and nitrification processes were occurring that indicated by the accumulation of NH4 + and NO3 in peat and peat NO3 dissolved in water, where were the results of the regression analysis contained pattern polynomial equations and linear patterns. The equation can be used to predict the concentrations of all three parameters due to the changes in peat water level in Central Kalimantan

Low-tannin white sorghum contains more digestible and metabolisable energy than high-tannin red sorghum if fed to growing pigs

The present study was conducted to determine and compare the digestible (DE) and metabolisable energy (ME) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) in yellow-dent corn, three low-tannin white sorghum cultivars and three high-tannin red sorghum cultivars when fed to growing pigs. Forty-two barrows (34.8 ± 3.1 kg bodyweight) were housed in metabolic crates and allotted to one of seven diets with six pigs per diet in a completely randomised design. The seven diets were formulated to contain 969 g/kg of corn or one of the six sorghum cultivars as well as 31 g/kg vitamin and minerals. Faeces and urine were collected for 5 days following a 7-day adaptation period. The DE and ME were lower (P &lt; 0.05) for red sorghum than for corn while the values for corn were lower (P &lt; 0.05) than those obtained for white sorghum. The ATTD of GE for pigs fed corn was higher (P &lt; 0.05) than for pigs fed red sorghum but was lower (P &lt; 0.05) than the ATTD of GE for pigs fed white sorghum. Tannin had a high negative correlation with DE and ME (both, r = –0.99; P &lt; 0.01) and the ATTD of GE (r = –0.92; P &lt; 0.01). The DE, ME and ATTD of GE were positively correlated with CP (P &lt; 0.05), and negatively with kafirin/CP and phenols (P &lt; 0.05). However, tannin was negatively correlated with CP (r = –0.85; P &lt; 0.05), or positively with kafirin/CP (r = 0.88; P &lt; 0.01) and phenols (r = 0.77; P &lt; 0.05). Therefore, tannin content in sorghum may be the main anti-nutritional factor. The overall results of this study indicate that low-tannin white sorghum varieties are superior to high-tannin red sorghum varieties for use as an energy source in diets fed to growing pigs, and high-tannin red sorghum varieties should be incorporated into pig diets to ease the demand pressure on corn only if favourably priced in terms of their DE and ME values.

A Study on Anxiety Level and Academic Achievement of XI Standard Students of Thanjavur District

The Normative survey research has been conducted on Anxiety Level to the random sample of 731 XI standard students of Thanjavur District, Tamilnadu State. In this study, the investigator has used independent variable is Anxiety and the dependent variable is Academic Achievement. Gender, Locality, and Medium of Instruction are the demographic variables. Descriptive, inferential and correlation analyses were used to testing the hypotheses. The study reveals that the anxiety level of XI standard students is moderate and the Academic Achievement is in first class; Both Anxiety and Academic Achievement are significant with Gender, Locality of School and Medium of Instruction. The correlation between Anxiety and Academic Achievement is high negative correlation.

Historical Performance of Commodity and Stock Markets

This paper examines two interrelated issues in commodity markets, namely, the cyclical relationship between stocks and commodities and the function of commodity and agribusiness indexes in portfolios. A high negative correlation has existed between stock and commodity prices over the past 140 years. Moreover, the two markets have alternated in price leadership with 29-32-year cycles. The recent price dominance in agricultural commodities started in 2000, a result supported by the empirical results of the portfolio allocation analysis. For a risk-averse investor, irrespective of the period analyzed, placing funds in agribusiness and/or agricultural commodity indexes was sound investing.

Relationship between chemical properties of the soil and the occurrence of Bacillus thuringiensis

The soil and other substrates such as mushroom compounds are the main sources of new Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates for Integrated Pest Management programs. This study describes the relationship between chemical properties of the soil (pH, OM, P3+, K1+, Ca2+, Mg2+, H1++Al3+, B3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+) and the occurrence of Bt in Brazil. A total of 1,197 bacterial colonies were obtained, being 512 of them identified as Bt. The Bt index (iBt), which is the relation between Bt colonies and bacterial counts ranged from 0.18 to 0.86. The iBt may be expressed with the formula: iBt= -0.4 + 0.6Ca2+ + 0.07Cu2+ + 0.009Fe2+ - 0.53Mg2+ -0.12Mn2+ + 1.26Zn2+. A cluster of samples with fewer colonies and a high negative correlation (antagonism) between Mn2+ and Ca2+; Mg2+ and Ca2+; Mg2+ and Zn2+; Mn2+ and Zn2+ and a high positive correlation (synergism) between Mn2+ and Mg2+; Zn2+ and Ca2+ was observed. The relationship between these elements and their effect on the Bt presence are discussed.

Tongue Force in Normals and in Dysarthric Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Tongue force, rate of syllable repetition, and judgments of articulatory defectiveness were measures obtained on 19 dysarthric adults with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and on 125 normal adults. Anterior and lateral tongue forces were measured by means of a pressure transducer clasped between the teeth; the tongue forces were recorded on a pen-writing ECG apparatus. Audio-recorded syllable repetitions of /p/, /t/, and /k/ also were transcribed on ECG paper and counted. Three listeners rated articulatory precision on a 7-point scale of severity. The normal males had significantly higher tongue forces than normal females; normal subjects had significantly higher tongue forces than dysarthric patients; and anterior tongue forces were significantly greater than lateral in normal and dysarthric patients. There was a high negative correlation between tongue force and severity of articulatory defect. Syllable repetitions were significantly slower in the dysarthric patients than in the normal patients, and a high negative correlation was obtained between syllabic rate and severity of articulatory defect.

T3 RESIN UPTAKE IN PROTEIN-CALORIE MALNUTRITION

ABSTRACT RT3U3) is significantly elevated (P < 0.001) in the acute stage of kwashiorkor and returns to normal after 2 weeks of appropriate refeeding. RT3U is characterized by a high negative correlation with TBGcap. This negative correlation is maximal on admission (r = −0.88) and gradually declines to normal value (r = −0.63) with clinical recovery. This finding is consistent with the main role attributed to TBG in determining RT3U level. The collected data emphize the importance of the protein plasma levels in the evaluation of the thyroid function with RT3U in protein-calorie malnutrition.