Evaluation of sires according to offspring beef quality

Beef production in the Russian Federation is mainly based on the use of over-replacement young animals and culled adult cattle of dairy and dual purpose breeds, and only 10 % of it is obtained from cattle of specialized beef breeds and their crossbreds. The selection and widespread use of the best breeding sires will help to increase the dairy and meat productivity of cows and overcome the negative correlation between the most important selected traits in large numbers of livestock. The results of the evaluation of the off spring of sires of Simmental breed of domestic and foreign selection (Canadian), as well as the sire of Red-and-White dairy breed have been presented in the article. The complex index of the sire Sokol 1335/6330 TS-2811 of Simmental breed of the Canadian selection (purebred), born in 1999 in the collective farm of name after Ilich in the Kalacheyevsky district in the Voronezh region (color pale-mottled), according to the beef characteristics of the off spring was 116, which corresponds to the international category EX – “excellent” (KI[sub]1[/sub]). From this it follows that the sire Sokol 1335/6330 TS-2811 is an improver for beef productivity with the assignment of category C[sub]1[/sub]. The sire Redky 6631 TS-2710 belongs to the line Signal 4863, born in 1989 in the state farm “Moskovsky” in the Kharkiv region (color pale-mottled) of domestic selection received the complex index 102 for the beef productivity of off spring, corresponding to KI[sub]3[/sub] (G) – “good” with the assignment of category C[sub]3[/sub]. The sire Pamir 9060,2566 CGF-123 of Red-and-White breed belongs to the line Siling Traijun Rocket 252803, which has the A[sub]3[/sub]B[sub]3[/sub] breeding category, is the loser in terms of the meat productivity of the off spring. It follows from this that the sons of sires of Simmental breed of the domestic and Canadian selection have the advantage in beef productivity over the sons of the sire of Red-and-White breed.

Effect of Yoga on Pulse rate and Oxygen Saturation: Analysis of Psychophysiological Parameters

Introduction Pranayamic breathing is a process of continuous, regularity of inhalation, holding of breath and exhalation. All venous blood is converted to oxygenated blood . However, does deep breathing in which oxygen is inhaled in large amounts increase oxygen saturation or does the saturation decrease due to anaerobic metabolism associated with yoga? Does the psycho-physiological parameters of stress index, power, vegetative index & regulation, neurohumoral regulation, psycho-emotional state, energy resources, complex index, harmonization, biological age and energies in the spine get affected a"er a yogic intervention? Methods 52 subjects of age range from 15-70 years performed “Yoga module for the Healthy Heart” for 45 minutes at AYUSH, AIIMS, Bhopal. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximeter a"er initial rest of ten minutes and a"er 45 minutes of yoga. A pilot study was conducted using the DINAMIKA HRV for ten yogic practitioner who were regular in their practice for last 10-15 years. #eir psycho-physiological parameters were measured before and a"er their yogicroutine of 35 to 40 minutes by Dinamika Heart rate variability (HRV) instrument. Results #e readings were analysed using paired t test. #epulse rate dropped from 81.98 ± 13.05 to is 74.98 ± 11.64 at p value <0.0001 indicating a shi" towards parasympathetic dominance. Oxygen saturation dropped from 97.40 +/- 1.11 to 97.21 +/- 1.30 at p value of 0.2736, indicating a shi" to anaerobic metabolism during yoga practice #e psychophysiological parameters of pulse rate, stress index, power, vegetative index & regulation, neurohumoral regulation, psycho-emotional state, energy resources, complex index, harmonization, biological age and energies in the spine were statistically significant post yogic intervention. By the power of will the yogic practitioner is able to draw cosmic energy in the spine which helps to renew it. #e mind is able to overcome strong physical distractions, the body is relaxed and calm. Relaxation is achieved by stilling of muscles, calming and slowing down the activity of heart, respiration and circulation.

UTCI applications in practice (methodological questions)

UTCI, although it was developed with the participation of scientists from 22 countries, it has shortcomings and people using it face various obstacles. The difficulties include wide range of issues: from different availability of meteorological data in individual countries, through the kind of air temperature which should be properly used in calculations, or the need of recalculation of wind speed. However the biggest subject concern algorithms for mean radiant temperature (Mrt) calculations, different models and programs which simplify calculations of this complex index though introduce different approximations and, as a result, many false results. The paper presents also wide range of UTCI applications in urban bioclimate studies and bioclimatic mapping, climate-human health researches and biometeorological forecasts which were the primary purpose of the index creation, but also applications in tourism and recreation or even in bioclimate change analysis.

Anisotropic Complex Refractive Indices of Atomically Thin Materials: Determination of the Optical Constants of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus

In this work, studies of the optical constants of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides and few-layer black phosphorus are briefly reviewed, with particular emphasis on the complex dielectric function and refractive index. Specifically, an estimate of the complex index of refraction of phosphorene and few-layer black phosphorus is given. The complex index of refraction of this material was extracted from differential reflectance data reported in the literature by employing a constrained Kramers–Kronig analysis combined with the transfer matrix method. The reflectance contrast of 1–3 layers of black phosphorus on a silicon dioxide/silicon substrate was then calculated using the extracted complex indices of refraction.