What Makes Behavioral Measures of Consciousness Subjective and Direct?

This article addresses two issues: the distinction between objective and subjective measures and the directness of such measures. It is argued that the distinction is unambiguous only when based on a methodological criterion (i.e. the threshold utilized by the measures) rather than a semantic one (i.e. their referring either to the world or to the participant’s inner states). Different senses of directness are discussed: metaphysical (which seems to rest on a category error), methodological (the only unambiguously defined one, though relating ‘directly’ to performance rather than awareness), semantic (which appears gradable), and causal.

On the structure and methodological criteria of the doctrine of property rights in Russian civil law

The article examines the formation of methodological criteria for the doctrine of property law and its structure. The author reveals the very concept of the methodological criterion of the doctrine, analyzes various criteria of the doctrine of property law in the pre-revolutionary period. Soviet and modern period. The author notes the lack of a clear methodological criterion for the doctrine of property law at the present stage.

Shaping and Re-Shaping Tourism Areas

Defining the boundaries of tourism destinations has been long recognised as a problem in tourism research. The authors aim to define the spatial configuration of tourism areas including different destinations within a same region. Tourist mobility is employed as a methodological criterion to reveal the network relationships among destinations and explain how tourism areas are being shaped and reshaped. The study combines Network Analysis methods and multinomial logistic regression models, in an approach to processing the data of a sampling survey, carried out in Sicily. The results show that the network structures among destinations affect the shape and dimension of tourism areas. Useful evidence for the spatial planning of tourism regions and destination management strategies are derived.

Management Criteria and Principles, Applicable in Education and Scientific Research

In the article we present certain criteria and management principles applicable to education and scientific research, in order to optimize these two important areas. We thoroughly presented management criteria such as: the methodological criterion, the economic criterion, the social criterion, the informational criterion, the organizational criterion, the functional criterion. Among the management principles we analyzed there are: the principle of the command unit, the principle of decision-making and the principle of the balance between centralization and decentralization.

Shaping and Re-Shaping Tourism Areas

Defining the boundaries of tourism destinations has been long recognised as a problem in tourism research. The authors aim to define the spatial configuration of tourism areas including different destinations within a same region. Tourist mobility is employed as a methodological criterion to reveal the network relationships among destinations and explain how tourism areas are being shaped and reshaped. The study combines Network Analysis methods and multinomial logistic regression models, in an approach to processing the data of a sampling survey, carried out in Sicily. The results show that the network structures among destinations affect the shape and dimension of tourism areas. Useful evidence for the spatial planning of tourism regions and destination management strategies are derived.

EKSPLORASI E-SURVEI: REKONSILIASI PERSYARATAN METODOLOGI DENGAN DAYA JANGKAU TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI

Abstrak:Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengajukan suatu proposisi yang menyatakan bahwa daya jangkau TIK dalam suatu pelaksanaan survai tidak dapat meniadakan prinsip metodologi dari suatu survei. Hal ini bukan dimaksud untuk mengecilkan peran TIK dalam suatu survai. Dalam tulisan ini peran TIK adalah untuk menunjang dua fungsi yaitu pengumpulan data dan analisis data. Kedua fungsi tersebut dapat menunjang efisiensi dalam pelaksanaan suatu survai; kriteria metodologi adalah untuk menjamin efektivitas pencapaian dilaksanakannya suatu survai.Kata kunci: metodologi, TIK, survai, efisiensi dan efektivitas Abstract:The objective of this article is to purpose a proposition stating that the coverage ability of ICT in facilitating a survey shall not negate the methodology adopted from a survey. This does not mean to disparage the role of ICT in a survey. This article, instead, argues that the use of ICT is to facilitate data collection and data analysis. These two functions are intended to enhance the efficiency of survey activities, while methodological criterion is intended to enhance the effectiveness of a survey.Keywords: methodology, ICT, survey, efficiency and effectiveness.

Geophysical Variables and Behavior: XLIV. Days of Subjective Precognitive Experiences and the Days before the Actual Events Display Correlated Geomagnetic Activity

Precognitive experiences concerning consequent events have been hypothesized to be alterations in temporal perception. All such experiences ( n = 156) that contained the days, months and years for the experience and the event were included from a published data base. Only 40 cases met the methodological criterion of having a temporal discrepancy between the experience and the event of equal to or more than 4 days. For two subsamples (discrepancies of 4–14 days and 15 to 2,000 days), both parametric and non-parametric analyses showed intermediate strength (0.50) correlations between the global geomagnetic activity on the day of the experience and the activity that would occur during the two days before the actual event.