The Introduction of the Potter’s Wheel to Ancient Sudan

Doherty (2015) has previously investigated the origins of the potter’s wheel in Egypt in depth. However, how the potter’s wheel came to be used in Sudan has not yet been properly analysed. This paper will present the author’s initial investigations into the pottery industry of Sudan and the manufacturing techniques employed by Sudanese potters. Evidence seems to suggest that rather than being an indigenous invention, the potter’s wheel came to Sudan as part of the colonisation of Sudan by Egypt during the Middle-Late Bronze Age. Throughout this period, various Egyptian towns were founded along the river Nile. One such town was Amara West (inhabited c. 1306–1290 BC). By the Middle Bronze Age, Sudanese potters had well-developed pottery techniques, principally coil- and slab-building. Amara West and other Egyptian colonies used the by then well-established wheel-throwing and coiling techniques (RKE) to manufacture their pottery, principally imported from Egypt. However, these colony towns contained both Sudanese and Egyptian vessels, sometimes in the same contexts, and occasionally with blended manufacture techniques and decoration. This paper will endeavour to postulate upon the effect and legacy of the imposed technology of the potter’s wheel on the Sudanese pottery industry.

The Trials & Tribulations of Wood & Caldwell’s Engines at Bycars Colliery, Burslem

The shortage of coal to feed the pottery industry in Burslem led pottery owners Wood & Caldwell to purchase the nearby Bycars colliery to secure supplies. The problems faced with water flooding the workings and the actions of rogue neighbours forced the installation of ever larger pumping engines and prompted technical innovation to increase the power of these engines. This paper outlines the problems faced with water and the attempts to drain the mines by increasingly powerful engines. The unscrupulous actions of the Gallimore family, tenants of the adjacent colliery, and the effect on the pumping arrangements over many years are detailed.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM E-MARKETPLACE PADA PENGRAJIN GERABAH DESA BUMI JAYA SERANG BANTEN

Pottery is a traditional product that is still being made and developed. But the existence of pottery today has begun to diminish its interest because it has to compete with modern products. Therefore, the need for empowerment of Small and Medium Industries, especially the pottery industry to be able to compete in the modern market. This paper aims to: (1) know the potential of proper local empowerment in Kampung Gerabah Bumi Jaya Serang Banten, (2) identify the right model of economic development and empowerment, (3) Analyze the usefulness and benefits of technology in the economy of the pottery industry through E-Martketplace on pottery craftsmen in Kampung Gerabah Desa Bumi Jaya Serang Banten. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach to obtain relevant data in community empowerment, especially empowerment in pottery craftsmen in Kampung Gerabah Bumi Jaya Serang Banten. The results showed that empowerment through e-Marketplace can be done on pottery craftsmen in Bumi Jaya Village. Pottery sales through e-marketplaces have a high opportunity if developed well and continuously and there are innovations in pottery products.

Peran Wanita dalam Industri Kerajinan Gerabah di Dusun Semampir, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan hal yang mendasari wanita Dusun Semampir untuk bekerja sebagai perajin gerabah tradisional. Dengan begitu, diharapkan dapat menjadi wacana bagi pemangku kepentingan atau pihak terkait untuk mengembangkan gerabah tradisi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan perajin berdasarkan kondisi dan potensi yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh proses pembuatan kerajinan gerabah tradisional dikerjakan oleh kaum wanita. Kaum wanita mampu menjalankan peran penting dalam keberlangsungan gerabah tradisional di samping menjalankan peran utamanya sebagai ibu rumah tangga, tanpa mengganggu waktu kerja antarperan. Hal tersebut didasari alasan dan motivasi yang kuat terhadap kebutuhan hidup yang semakin kompleks dan berat jika hanya ditopang oleh suami sebagai tulang punggung keluarga saja. Beberapa strategi pengembangan dirumuskan untuk menunjang perajin dan tradisi kerajinan gerabah Dusun Semampir. Women Roles in the Pottery Industry at Semampir Village, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta ABSTRACT This study analyzes the roles and things that underlie the Semampir Village women to work as traditional pottery craftsmen. It is hoped that it can become a discourse for stakeholders or related parties to develop traditional pottery and improve craftsmen's welfare based on existing conditions and potential. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of this study indicate that women do almost all traditional pottery-making processes. Women can play an important role in traditional pottery sustainability besides playing their main role as housewives, without disturbing the working time between roles. This is based on strong reasons and motivation for the needs of life that are increasingly complex and heavy if only supported by the husband as the family's backbone. Several development strategies were formulated to support the craftsmen and the tradition of pottery in Semampir Village.

Peran Wanita dalam Industri Kerajinan Gerabah di Dusun Semampir, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan hal yang mendasari wanita Dusun Semampir untuk bekerja sebagai perajin gerabah tradisional. Dengan begitu, diharapkan dapat menjadi wacana bagi pemangku kepentingan atau pihak terkait untuk mengembangkan gerabah tradisi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan perajin berdasarkan kondisi dan potensi yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh proses pembuatan kerajinan gerabah tradisional dikerjakan oleh kaum wanita. Kaum wanita mampu menjalankan peran penting dalam keberlangsungan gerabah tradisional di samping menjalankan peran utamanya sebagai ibu rumah tangga, tanpa mengganggu waktu kerja antarperan. Hal tersebut didasari alasan dan motivasi yang kuat terhadap kebutuhan hidup yang semakin kompleks dan berat jika hanya ditopang oleh suami sebagai tulang punggung keluarga saja. Beberapa strategi pengembangan dirumuskan untuk menunjang perajin dan tradisi kerajinan gerabah Dusun Semampir.Women Roles in the Pottery Industry at Semampir Village, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta ABSTRACT This study analyzes the roles and things that underlie the Semampir Village women to work as traditional pottery craftsmen. It is hoped that it can become a discourse for stakeholders or related parties to develop traditional pottery and improve craftsmen's welfare based on existing conditions and potential. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of this study indicate that women do almost all traditional pottery-making processes. Women can play an important role in traditional pottery sustainability besides playing their main role as housewives, without disturbing the working time between roles. This is based on strong reasons and motivation for the needs of life that are increasingly complex and heavy if only supported by the husband as the family's backbone. Several development strategies were formulated to support the craftsmen and the tradition of pottery in Semampir Village.

3. Narratives of Fundamentalism, Negative Capability and the Democratic Imperative

Alan Bainbridge and Linden West offer a theoretical discussion of (mainly) contemporary British society with particular reference to Stoke-on-Trent, the home of the Workers’ Education Association and a city still struggling to adjust following the decline of the pottery industry. They posit the growth of fundamentalism as a search for certainties and propose that Keats’ notion of negative capability (the ability to accept uncertainty) may offer an alternative lens.

Demonstration of Subclinical Early Nephrotoxicity Induced by Occupational Exposure to Silica among Workers in Pottery Industry

Background: For many years, several studies drew attention to the possible nephrotoxic effects of silica and distinct renal dysfunction involving glomerular and renal tubules in workers exposed to silica. Objective: To determine the early signs of subclinical nephrotoxic effects among some Egyptian workers exposed to silica in the pottery industry. Methods: This study was carried out in El-Fawakhir handicraft pottery area, in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The studied population included 29 non-smoking male workers occupationally exposed to silica in addition to 35 non-smoking administrative male subjects who represented the comparison group in the study. Measured urinary parameters were concentrations of total protein (TP), microalbumin (Malb), activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), g-glutamyl transferase (g-GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and silicon (Si). Results: Silica-exposed workers showed significantly (p<0.05) increased levels of urinary TP, Malb, ALP, g-GT, LDH, and KIM-1 compared with the comparison group. Among the silicaexposed group, increased urinary Si levels were positively and significantly correlated (Spearman's ρ>0.60, p<0.001 for all variables) with the elevated urinary proteins (including KIM-1) and enzymes levels. All measured urinary parameters were positively and significantly correlated (ρ>0.75, p<0.001 for all variables) with the duration of work among exposed subjects. No significant correlation was observed between the measured variables and the age of workers. Conclusion: There is associated subclinical glomerular and tubular affection among silicaexposed workers, which is related to the duration and intensity of exposure.