VIBRAÇÃO EM MÃOS E BRAÇOS NA UTILIZAÇÃO DE TRATOR DE RABIÇA EQUIPADO COM ROTOENCANTEIRADOR

VIBRAÇÃO EM MÃOS E BRAÇOS NA UTILIZAÇÃO DE TRATOR DE RABIÇA EQUIPADO COM ROTOENCANTEIRADOR KARLA LÚCIA BATISTA ARAÚJO¹, LEONARDO DE ALMEIDA MONTEIRO², VIVIANE CASTRO DOS SANTOS3, DEIVIELISON XIMENES SIQUEIRA MACEDO4, FRANCISCA EDCARLA DE ARAÚJO NICOLAU5 1 Universidade Federal do Ceará -UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, Pici, 60020-181, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. [email protected] 2 Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará -UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, Pici, 60020-181, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. [email protected] 3 Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará -UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, Pici, 60020-181, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. [email protected] 4 Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará -UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, Pici, 60020-181, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. [email protected] 5 Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará -UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, Pici, 60020-181, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. [email protected] RESUMO: O uso da tecnologia no campo veio para amenizar as intempéries às quais o trabalhador rural é submetido. A difusão dos microtratores na agricultura familiar ajuda a diminuir a carga física imposta a esses agricultores e o tempo de trabalho. Todavia o contato com essa tecnologia expõe o agricultor a novos problemas advindos da máquina sendo um deles a vibração. A redução da vibração, além de diminuir o estresse do operador, permite melhorar qualidade de vida e aumenta a eficiência no trabalho reduzindo a fadiga. Assim objetivou-se avaliar os níveis de vibração de um trator de rabiça acoplado com rotoencanteirador em diferentes rotações do motor e alocações de marchas no preparo do solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3, com 10 repetições sendo 3 rotações (600, 800 e 1000 rpm) e 3 marchas (3ª, 4ª e 5ª). Foram utilizados a estatística descritiva e o teste de Tukey a 5% para comparação das médias. Observou-se que as médias da terceira marcha nas rotações de 600 e 800 rpm foram as que mais se aproximaram da norma NHO 10 (2013), já que a mesma estabelece o valor de 2,5 m.s-2 como limite de vibração para mãos e braços toleráveis para uma jornada de trabalho. Palavras-chave: insalubridade, segurança na agricultura, bem-estar no trabalho. HANDS AND ARMS VIBRATION IN THE USE OF HANDLEBAR TRACTOR EQUIPPED WITH ROTOENCANTEIRATOR ABSTRACT: The use of the technology in the field comes to soften the intempéries to which the rural worker is submitted. A spread of microtractors in family farming helps to reduce the physical burden on farmers and working time. However the contact with this technology exposes the farmer to new problems coming from the machine being its vibration. Reducing vibration, in addition to reducing operator stress, can improve the quality of life and increase work efficiency by reducing fatigue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vibration levels of a bulldozer coupled with rotoencanteirator at different engine speeds and to allocate gears without soil preparation. The experimental design was used in completely randomized blocks, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with 10 repetitions being 3 rotations (600, 800 and 1000 rpm) and 3 marches (3rd, 4th and 5th). It was quite descriptive statistic and Tukey Test at 5% for average comparisons. It was observed that as average of the third gear at the 600 and 800 rpm rotations were as close to the NHO 10 (2013), since the same thing is the value of 2.5 m.s-2 as vibration limits for the hands and arms tolerable for a day's work. Keywords: insalubrity, safety in agriculture, well-being at work.

Derecho agrario en la Amazonía – regionalismo jurídico

Due to numerous factors of both legal and non-legal nature, Amazon law as a branch of law encompassing the norms of environmental law and agricultural law has been separated within the Brazilian legal system. The aim of the article is to highlight the specificity of Amazon law as the legal order prevailing in a certain geographical region. The author claims that the goal of this branch of law – created according to the methodof neo-constitutionalism developed by P. Häberle – is to emphasise the importance of the cultural model of man typical of Amazonia. In the literature on the subject, this man is referred to as a caboco, a rural worker who carries out agricultural activities characteristic for the region, which connected with the production of manioc flour which is the staple diet of the population inhabiting the area. Over time, caboco’s “profession” led to the emergence of a socio-cultural space known as the ‘culture of cassava’ studied within the research on the social formation of Amazonia conducted by S. Benchimol and E. Moreira. In the author’s opinion, the Brazilian legal system as a whole does not respect the rights of local communities and therefore a legislative action should be taken to guarantee full operation of the regional customary law in the Amazon region.

ELECTROMYOGRAPIC ACTIVITY OF THE ABDOMINAL AND PARAVERTEBRAL MUSCLES DURING COFFEE HARVESTING

ABSTRACT Introduction The rural worker involved in the coffee harvest is an important person for the economy of the many countries. However, scientific studies on the health of this worker are rare. Objective To analyze the lumbar paravertebral musculature and abdominal rectus of rural workers during coffee harvesting with the manual machines with different footrest bases (inclined, declined and horizontal), by means of electromyography. Methods Eight male rural workers from the region of Muzambinho participated in the study. All procedures and electromyographic routines were applied according to the SENIAN protocol. The workers made the usual coffee harvesting movements, using the manual machine for one minute. The data are expressed as means and standard deviations. The RMS (root mean square) signal and the median frequency (FM) were also analyzed. Results It was observed that the type of footrest base did not influence the electromyographic activity RMS or the FM, but we found that the paravertebral muscles have greater electromyographic activation when compared to the abdominal muscles, regardless of the type of footrest base. Conclusion For the task performed, the paravertebral muscles present greater electromyographic activation compared to the abdominal rectus. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

Previdência social, desenvolvimento e soberania e segurança alimentar no campo brasileiro

Este artigo resulta de pesquisa realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento – PPGMADE/UFPR, a qual problematizou a relação entre questão agrária brasileira, trabalho rural e possíveis impactos de alterações do sistema de Previdência Social Especial Rural no Brasil (PSER). A partir do ponto de vista do trabalhador rural brasileiro, buscou-se compreender os impactos da PSER para o desenvolvimento no campo brasileiro, bem como sobre a soberania e segurança alimentar. A compreensão destes impactos propiciou a análise crítica da problemática. Tornou-se importante neste trabalho compreender os impactos socioeconômicos sobre o campo brasileiro das alterações propostas pela PEC n. 287/2016. Entre um dos principais resultados aponta-se que a problematização do trabalhador rural e da Previdência Social Especial Rural perpassa uma interpretação integrada de noções que partem da realidade social, por exemplo, soberania e segurança alimentar e a luta contra a desigualdade social e a exclusão dos povos rurais analisadas neste trabalho, enquanto potências transformadoras dos valores, modos e rumos de produção da vida em sociedade. Tais aspectos podem ser compreendidos como princípios ideológicos de uma movimentação una, forte e diversa com potencial para a construção de uma luta comum, rumo a outro paradigma de desenvolvimento, pautado na verdadeira inclusão e participação social, o qual, entretanto, está em constante construção, devendo ser continuamente reformulado, a fim de propiciar verdadeiro enfrentamento de forças que propiciam a desigualdade, exploração e injustiça. Neste esforço, considerando a complexidade e atualidade do assunto estudado, empregou-se a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, de análise de dados e documentos. Abstract This article results from a research developed in the Postgraduate Program in Environment and Development – PPGMADE/UFPR, which problematized relation between Brazilian agrarian question, rural work and possible impacts of changes in the Special Rural Social Security system in the Brazil. From the Brazilian rural worker point of view, it was sought to understand the impacts of the Special Rural Social Security to the Brazilian countryside development, as well as on food sovereignty and security. It has become important in this work to understand the socioeconomic impacts on the Brazilian countryside through changes proposed by the PEC n. 287/2016. Among one of the main results, it is pointed out that the problematization of the rural worker and of the Special Rural Social Security is based on an integrated interpretation of notions that depart from social reality, for example, sovereignty and food security and the struggle against social inequality and exclusion of the rural peoples analyzed in this work, as transformative powers of the values, ways and routes of production of life in society. Such aspects can be understood as ideological principles of a strong and diverse movement with the potential to build a common struggle, towards another paradigm of development, based on a true inclusion and social participation, which, however, is constantly being constructed and must be continually reformulated in order to provide a real confrontation of forces that foster inequality, exploitation and injustice. In this effort, considering the complexity and timeliness of the subject studied, the methodology of bibliographic review, data analysis and documents were used.

HORAS “IN ITINERE” E A HIPOSSUFICIÊNCIA DO TRABALHADOR RURAL NA REFORMA TRABALHISTA

The present study deals with the impacts of the Labor Reform in the hours "in itinere" for the rural worker, with the objective of demonstrating the lack of representativeness of these workers in the legislative process and their hypersufficiency before employers and State, resulting in the analysis of the profiles of the congressmen of the ruralist groups and their party interests and the rural worker, using as an inductive and hypothetical-deductive method and concluding by the discrepancy between the interests of the workers and the political class, making at least a representation that seeks the protection of human dignity and the guiding principle in the design of projects for the category.

The Coronel and the Rural Poor

The third chapter evaluates discursive debates over the potential for change in Northeastern Brazil and competing descriptions of regional poverty as a motivation for or limitation to change. It examines representations of the nordestino landowning rural elite and the rural worker in the 1950s and 60s in popular culture, rural social movement publications, and conservative discourse. Although hegemonic perceptions of rural workers drew on historical notions of nordestino poverty as an inherent condition, rural social movements appealed to rural men’s honor and masculinity to encourage resistance to the landowner’s power, gain support for agrarian reform, and advocate for class struggle. At the same time, rural elites looked to the past to find a symbol for a “new Northeast.” In their effort to redefine the role of rural elites, they appropriated the historical figure of the coronél as a solution to poverty and inequality in Northeastern Brazil, applauding a patriarchal modernization.