Prospects of foliar treatments with glycine solution to increase the productivity of dill

Relevance. Dill is a popular food and medicinal crop (Anethum graveolens L.) of the Celery family (Apiaceae). Seeds of dill are included in the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation. However, this crop is characterized by a relatively low yield, which reduces the efficiency of its production. The use of environmentally friendly growth-regulating compounds can significantly increase the yield and improve its quality. As a growth-regulating, foliar treatment with a solution of the amino acid glycine was tested. The amino acid glycine is environmentally friendly and does not pose a danger to humans and animals. The aim of the work was to increase the productivity of garden dill using foliar treatments with glycine amino acid.Materials and methods. Dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony were chosen as objects to study the effect of the foliar treatments with glycine. Sowing of seeds was carried out at an early date, which for the conditions of the Lipetsk region corresponds to the first decade of April, with a SZT-3.6 seeder with 15 cm row spacing. The seeding rate was 15 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 1-2 cm. were Treatment with glycine solution was achieved in plants rosette phase. The concentration of glycine was 25, 50 and 100 mg / l. The control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The crop was cut during the period of brown seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined by the 14th edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (method 1). The content of the main components was determined by gas chromatography.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine on both yield and the content of essential oil in the raw material of dill varieties Gribovsky and Symphony was revealed. As a result of treatments, regardless of concentration, the seeds yield and the yield of essential oil per unit area increased. The increase in the mass of 1000 pieces of fruits was not unambiguous. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of amino acid glycine is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and prior to harvesting, different aspects of the drug's action appear. According to the results of observations for 2 years and an assessment by the sum of the indicators, the optimal concentration of glycine in most cases was 100 mg / l, at the same time, for the Symphony variety for two years, two-foliar treatment with low concentrations of glycine (10 mg / l rosette + 10 mg / l budding).

Glycine for Enhanced Water Imbibition in Carbonate Reservoirs – What is the Role of Amino Group?

Previous studies indicated the efficacy of the simplest amino acid, glycine, as an aqueous additive for enhanced water imbibition in carbonate reservoirs. The objective of this research was to investigate the importance of the amino group of glycine in its enhanced water imbibition. To this end, glycine was compared with two carboxylates (acetate and formate) with/without adding hydrogen chloride (HCl) for adjusting the solution pH. Note that the amino group is the only difference between glycine and acetate. Contact-angle experiments on calcite were carried out at 347 K and atmospheric pressure with 68000-ppm reservoir brine (RB), and 4 different concentrations of glycine, acetate, and formate solutions in RB. To test the hypothesis that calcite dissolution is one of the main mechanisms in wettability alteration by glycine, we performed another set of contact angle experiments by adding HCl to brine, acetate, and formate solutions. HCl was added to match the pH of the glycine solution at the same concentration. We also performed imbibition tests with Texas Cream Limestone cores at 347 K with brine, glycine, acetate, and formate solutions (with and without HCl) in RB at 5.0 wt%. Contact-angle results indicated that glycine changed calcite's wettability from oil-wet to water-wet (45°). However, acetate solution was not able to change the wettability to water-wet; and formate moderately decreased the contact angle to 80°. The pH level increased from 6.1 to 7.6 after the contact angle experiment in glycine solution, indicating the consumption of hydrogen ions due to calcite dissolution. The levels of pH in formate and acetate solutions, however, decreased from 8.4 to 7.8. The acidity of glycine above its isoelectric point arises from the deprotonation of the carboxyl group. Imbibition tests with carbonate cores supported the observations from the contact-angle experiments. The oil recovery was 31% for glycine solution, 20% for RB, 21% for formate solution, and 19% for acetate solution. This re-confirmed the effectiveness of glycine as an additive to improve the oil recovery from carbonates. An additional set of imbibition tests revealed that acetate at the pH reduced to the same level as glycine was still not able to recover as much oil as glycine. This showed that glycine recovered oil not only because of the calcite dissolution and the carboxyl group, but also because of the amino group. It is hypothesized that the amino group with its electron donor ability creates a chelation effect that makes glycine entropically more favorable to get attached to the calcite surface than acetate. Another important result is that the formate solution at an adjusted pH resulted in a greater oil recovery than RB or RB at the same pH. This indicates that there is an optimal pH for the carboxyl group to be effective in wettability alteration as also indicated by the pH change during the contact-angle experiment.

PRODUCTION OF PURIFIED FIBRINOGEN CONCENTRATE

Aim. To present a technique for obtaining fibrinogen concentrate purified from ballast proteins, which can be used in hemostatic drug production.Materials and methods. The proposed method is based on isolating fibrinogen from a cryoprecipitate solution by its precipitation with a polyethylene glycol solution followed by virus inactivation by a solvent/detergent. Purification from viral inactivation products and ballast proteins is performed by a two-step processing of the obtained fibrinogen concentrate with glycine solution.Results. The developed laboratory method for isolating fibrinogen has been optimized in terms of main parameters and scaled in pilot production.Conclusion. The presented laboratory technique for fibrinogen extraction is characterized by a high yield of the target product, thus being suitable for the production of hemostatic drugs.