scholarly journals Recovery of Catapleiite and Eudialyte from Non-Magnetic Fraction of Eudialyte ore Processing of Norra Kärr Deposit

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ivan Silin ◽  
Devrim Gürsel ◽  
Christian Büchter ◽  
Lars Weitkämper ◽  
Hermann Wotruba
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Magnetic Fraction ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Eudialyte Concentrate ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Alkali Feldspars

Eudialyte ores from Norra Kärr (Sweden) and Kringlerne (Greenland) are considered a potential source of rare-earth elements (REE) for the development of a sustainable REE industry outside China. Magnetic separation is successfully applicated to recover eudialyte as a magnetic fraction. In the case of the Norra Kärr deposit, up to 20% of the REE and up to 40% of the Zr are lost during mineral processing in the non-magnetic fraction. Zr and REE are associated with non-magnetic minerals such as catapleiite, low- or non-magnetic eudialyte species, and both their intergrowths. Besides zirconosilicates such as catapleiite and eudialyte, the non-magnetic fraction has valuable and already-liberated minerals such as alkali feldspars and nepheline, which should not be considered as tailings. In this investigation, a possible way to recover REE bearing zirconosilicates from the non-magnetic fraction using flotation is presented. First, a low-grade eudialyte concentrate (1.8% Zr, 0.94% REE) from ground ore was obtained using magnetic separation. The non-magnetic fraction was then treated using froth flotation, and a Zr-REE bearing product (9% Zr, 1.5% REE) was obtained as froth product. For this purpose, phosphoric acid esters were used as selective collectors for zirconosilicates at a pH between 3.5 and 4.5. The reagent regime could be proposed not only to recover Zr- and REE-bearing minerals, but also simultaneously to remove Fe, Ti, and other colored impurities from the nepheline-feldspar product and to minimize the tailings volume.

scholarly journals Magnetic Separation of Weakly Magnatic Copper Minerals

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
J. N.M. Agricola ◽  
J. L. Top ◽  
A. F. Fort
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Magnetic Fraction ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
High Gradient Magnetic Separation ◽  
High Gradient ◽  
Copper Mineral ◽  
Copper Concentrate ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Weakly Magnetic

High Gradient Magnetic Separation of small (5-38 µm) weakly magnetic copper mineral particles from a copper concentrate and ore has been performed. In previous work coarser fractions of these minerals, bornite and chalcopyrite, were separated successfully. The recovery of the smaller particles in the magnetic fraction decreases but their grade increases compared to the results obtained on the larger particles. At a magnetic background field of 1.3 T the concentrate was upgraded from 72% bornite and chalcopyrite to 86% with a recovery of 82% and the ore from 16% magnetic minerals to 44% with a recovery of 72%.

scholarly journals Study of a possibility of enrichment of fine-crushed magnetite ore by dry magnetic separation

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-571
Author(s):  
N. V. Sedinkina ◽  
O. E. Gorlova ◽  
N. V. Gmyzina ◽  
E. Yu. Degodya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Magnetic Fraction ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Specific Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Dry Magnetic Separation ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
And Storage

Dry magnetic separation (DMS) enables to separate the non-magnetic fraction of iron ores at the initial stage of their concentration and therefore to decrease cost of their further processing. However, a considerable amount of metal is lost in DMS tails at that. The efficiency of DMS considerably depends on difference between the upper and lower limits of the ore coarseness) ore coarseness range), delivered for concentration. At the Magnitogorsk steel-works crushing and concentration plant No. 5 this range is from 50 mm up to 15 mm. To determine the optimal ore size, delivered to DMS, studies accomplished to determine the specific magnetic susceptibility of the magnetite and the burden for the magnetite ore of Maly Kuibas deposit. After the study of different size iron ore separation, a reasonability of the DMS feed size decreasing down to 30–7 mm shown. A possibility to obtain additional product of 7–0 mm size determined, suitable for sintering. It will enable to decrease the amount of material, delivered for crushing and wet magnetic separation, as well as to decrease expenses for transporting and storage of wet separation tails. Peculiarities of fine magnetite ore processing by DMS in a suspended state considered, optimal parameters of the separator determined and its high efficiency for magnetite ore of 7–0 mm size concentration shown.

scholarly journals Probing the Effect of Water Recycling on Flotation through Anion Spiking Using a Low-Grade Cu–Ni–PGM Ore: The Effect of NO3−, SO42− and S2O32−

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Mathew Dzingai ◽  
Malibongwe S. Manono ◽  
Kirsten C. Corin
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Flotation Performance ◽  
Anion Distribution ◽  
Nickel Grade

Water scarcity necessitates the recycling of process water within mineral processing practices. This may however come with its disadvantages for unit operations such as froth flotation as this process is water intensive and sensitive to water chemistry. It is therefore important to monitor the water chemistry of the recycle stream of process water and any other water source to flotation. Monitoring the concentrations of the anions in recycled process water is therefore important to consider as these are speculated to impact flotation performance. Batch flotation tests were conducted using synthetically prepared plant water (3 SPW) with a TDS of 3069 mg/L as the baseline experiment. 3 SPW contained 528 mg/LNO3− and 720 mg/L SO42−, other anions and cations, and no S2O32−. Upon spiking 3 SPW with selected anions, viz, NO3−, SO42− and S2O32−, it was noted that NO3− and SO42− exhibited threshold concentrations while S2O32− did not show a threshold concentration for both copper and nickel grade. Spiking 3 SPW with 352 mg/L more of NO3− to a total 880 mg/L NO3− concentration resulted in the highest copper and nickel grade compared to 3 SPW while increasing the S2O32− from 60 to 78 mg/L increased nickel and copper grade. 720 to 1200 mg/L SO42− and 528 to 880 mg/L NO3− were deemed the concentration boundaries within which lies the threshold concentration above which flotation performance declines with respect to metal grades, while for S2O32− the threshold concentration lies outside the range considered for this study. Anion distribution between the pulp and the froth did not seem to impact the recovery of copper or nickel. Notably, the correlation between the concentrate grades and anion distribution between the froth and the pulp seemed to be ion dependent.

scholarly journals Impact of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on the Flotation of Ultrafine Magnesite from Dolomite-Rich Desliming Tailings

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Duong Huu Hoang ◽  
Doreen Ebert ◽  
Robert Möckel ◽  
Martin Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Sodium Hexametaphosphate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
The Impact

The depletion of ore deposits, the increasing demand for raw materials, the need to process low-grade, complex and finely disseminated ores, and the reprocessing of tailings are challenges especially for froth flotation separation technologies. Even though they are capable of handling relatively fine grain sizes, the flotation separation of very fine and ultrafine particles faces many problems still. Further, the flotation of low-contrast semi-soluble salt-type minerals with very similar surface properties, many complex interactions between minerals, reagents and dissolved species often result in poor selectivity. This study investigates the flotation beneficiation of ultrafine magnesite rich in dolomite from desliming, currently reported to the tailings. The paper especially focuses on the impact of the depressant sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on the following: (i) the froth properties using dynamic froth analysis (DFA), (ii) the separation between magnesite and dolomite/calcite, and (iii) its effect on the entrainment. As a depressant/dispersant, SHMP has a beneficial impact on the flotation separation between magnesite and dolomite. However, there is a trade-off between grade and recovery, and as well as the dewatering process which needs to be considered. When the SHMP increases from 200 g/t to 700 g/t, the magnesite grade increases from 67% to 77%, while recovery decreases massively, from 80% to 40%. The open circuit with four cleaning stages obtained a concentrate assaying 77.5% magnesite at a recovery of 45.5%. The dolomite content in the concentrate is about 20%, where 80% of dolomite was removed and importantly 98% of the quartz was removed, with only 0.3% of the quartz in the final concentrate. Furthermore, the application of 1-hydroxyethylene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) as a more environmentally friendly and low-cost alternative to SHMP is presented and discussed. Using only 350 g/t of HEDP can achieve a similar grade (76.3%), like 700 g/t of SHMP (76.9%), while obtaining a 17% higher magnesite recovery as compared to 700 g/t of SHMP. Interestingly, the proportion of hydrophilic quartz minerals ending up in the concentrate is lower for HEDP, with only 1.9% quartz at a recovery of 21.5% compared to the 2.7% of quartz at a recovery of 24.9% when using SHMP. The paper contributes in general to understanding the complexity of the depressant responses in froth flotation.

scholarly journals Coal-Based Reduction and Magnetic Separation Behavior of Low-Grade Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Pellets

Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongjin Cheng ◽  
Zixian Gao ◽  
Mengyang Lv ◽  
He Yang ◽  
Xiangxin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Magnetite Pellets ◽  
Vanadium Titanium ◽  
Separation Behavior ◽  
Titanium Magnetite

Research on Improving the Classification-Gravity Concentration Technology Based on an Anshan-Type Low-Grade Hematite Ore

2012 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Yu Cui ◽  
De Zhou Wei ◽  
Rui Yang Zhang ◽  
Si Yao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Gravity Concentration ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Hematite Ore ◽  
Iron Grade

The beneficiation of Anshan-type low-grade hematite ores attracts more and more attention. Complicated beneficiation flow sheets are necessary to deal this type of ores. Classification-gravity concentration technology is used widely in these flow sheets because of its characteristics. In this paper, grinding characteristics and classification-gravity concentration tests were carried out based on the ore’s mineralogical characteristics. When the ground size of the ore was 75% -0.071mm, through beneficiation by the flow sheet of classification-gravity concentration-middle intensity magnetic separation discarding, a satisfactory concentrate assaying 67.58% Fe, 47.51% recovery was obtained, and the iron grade and yield of the tailings were 5.93% and 39.77% respectively. The controlling of the size distribution and the behavior of finer hematite grains is important and efficiency in beneficiation of Anshan-type hematite ores.

Research on Exploration of Mineral Processing for a Iron Ore

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
Xian Xie ◽  
Zi Xuan Yang ◽  
Xiong Tong ◽  
Ji Yong Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Iron Mineral ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Separation Test

Iron ore minerals are mainly silicate-type iron minerals in raw ore, and its distribution rate was 51.93%; followed by magnetic iron, and its distribution rate was 36.81%; content and distribution rate of other minerals was very low; element grade of iron, phosphorus, sulfur, silica were 11.90%, 0.043%, 0.013% and 45.23%, the main gangue were silica and calcium oxide, recyclable iron minerals mainly is magnetic iron mineral. Due to the grade of iron of raw ore and the amounts of optional magnetite was relatively little, in order to investigate the optional of low-grade ore, weak magnetic separation test and weak magnetic separation tailings-strong magnetic separation test were put into effect.

Sulfur Content Reduction and Iron Grade Improvement of V-Ti Magnetite Concentrate by Combining Reverse Flotation and Magnetic Separation

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 1115-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiu Shuai Deng ◽  
Shu Ming Wen ◽  
Shao Jun Bai ◽  
Mei Fang Xie ◽  
Hai Ying Shen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reverse Flotation ◽  
Magnetic Intensity ◽  
Magnetite Concentrate ◽  
Iron Grade

For low-grade iron ore, smelting costs and resource wastage will be increased. Product quality of such ore is affected adversely by an excessive amount of sulfur. This also causes environmental pollution. In accordance with the vanadium-titanium (V-Ti) magnetite concentrate properties with low iron grade and high sulfur content, the joint process of magnetic separation and flotation was carried out. Magnetic separation was conducted to increase the iron grade, while reverse flotation was used to reduce sulfur content. Results show that the feeding mainly contains titanomagnetite, hematite, and pyrite. The sulfur was primarily found in pyrite. The separation effect was influenced by the grinding fineness, magnetic intensity, collector type and dosage, and pH value. At a grinding fineness of −45 μm accounting for 87%, most of the iron minerals exhibited monomer dissociation. An open-circuit experiment was carried out under the best conditions of magnetic intensity, as well as collector and modifier dosage. Good experimental results were obtained as follows: the iron grade increased to 57.17%, iron recovery was 89.94%, sulfur content decreased from 0.66% to 0.26%, reverse flotation of sulfur foam concentrate contained almost 15.68% sulfur, the upgrade ratio was about 23, and the cobalt in the sulfur concentrate was enriched 20-fold. A method for improving the comprehensive utilization level and effect of mineral resources is provided in this study.

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