Design of Automatic Feeder for Shrimp Farming Based on Internet of Things Technology

<p class="02abstracttext">In shrimp farming, feeding is an important activity to achieve good shrimp growth. Manual feeding manually using hand is less effective due to unequal food distribution. Thus, an automatic feeder is required to dispense feed at predetermined time. The advantages of automatic feeder are cost-effective, low labour requirement, and can be applicable for large volumes of feed. Design of automatic feeder machine can influence the capacity and time controlling of the feeder. In this research, the automatic feeder was designed using a controlling time system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. During plant trial, The automatic feeding was scheduled at 7 am, 11 am, 4 pm, and 8 pm. This machine could throw shrimp food homogeneously up to 10 m far for 2,500 m² pond area. In shrimp farming, distribution of shrimp food in predetermined time becomes an important rule to achieve good shrimp growth.</p>

Aeration optimization of large-scale membrane bioreactors in a sewage treatment plant

Increasing stringency of environmental discharge standards has triggered an industry-wide inclination towards membrane bioreactors over conventional activated sludge processes to ensure fulfilment of environmental discharge criteria. Yet, despite its plentiful advantages, high aeration costs remain as a key deterrent to the widespread adoption of the MBR technology. This backdrop created an impetus for a wastewater treatment company to develop an efficient MBR air scouring protocol that can be realized in existing plants without retrofitting. Known as pulsed cyclic aeration, plant trial applications have demonstrated that fouling control and aeration savings can be improved by &gt;30%, resulting in scouring energy consumptions that can be as low as 0.049 kWh/m3.

Operational experience of large-scale membrane bioreactors in an underground sewage treatment plant

With rapid urbanization, great strains are not only being placed on the production of clean water; there is also an equal, if not, more important need to treat the increasing quantities of wastewaters being produced. With urbanization driving up land prices drastically, it makes good sense to leverage on technologies with smaller plant footprints, like the membrane bioreactor (MBR), as well as to adopt an innovative underground installation of the sewage treatment plant (STP), allowing a non-obnoxious co-existence with nearby residences. Being one of the largest underground STPs, the Jingxi Underground STP in Guangzhou is a 100,000 m3/day MBR-based treatment plant that was commissioned in 2010. The case study described here demonstrates the operational excellence of the STP by illustrating how an optimized internal recirculation for the A2O-MBR process reduced aeration energy demands by 18% while simultaneously improving Total Nitrogen (TN) removal by 24%. Furthermore, the success of a plant trial elucidating conditions that stabilized higher flux operations (to handle surges in water production demands) were also discussed.

New Zealand plant growth trials in rapid bio-filtration media

Media used in rapid bio-filtration devices have hydraulic conductivity rates exceeding 2,500 mm/hr. Stormwater360 New Zealand has partnered with Contech Engineered Solutions (USA) to produce a rapid bio-filtration medium using locally available materials. Current bio-filtration guidance limits the hydraulic conductivity of media to less than 300 mm/hr to support plant growth. Using a short-term plant trial (3 months) and 4 ongoing plant trials (&gt;11 months) plant growth was assessed. In total 99 plants were grown (26 different tree, shrub and grass species), of which 91 plants (92%) and 23 plant species (88%) successfully established and grew in the rapid filtration medium.

Screening and characterization of Phosphorus solubilizing Bacteria and their effect on Rice seedlings

An experiment was carried out to isolate, screen and characterize bacteria collected from an industrially polluted site of Bhaluka under the Mymensingh district and to evaluate their phosphorus (P) solubilizing capacity. About ten plant and soil samples from six different spots were collected from the site. Thirty four bacterial isolates were screened and pure cultures of the different bacterial isolates were prepared. Among the bacterial isolates 25 were gram negative and 9 were gram positive. About 31 bacterial isolates had catalase producing capacity and remaining 3 were negative to catalase test. Bacterial isolates were grown on a NBRIP media to determine their phosphorus solubilizing capacity. About 25 bacterial isolates were shown P solubilizing capacity. Isolate SB8 gave the highest result about 11.42 PSI (phosphorus solubilizing index), whereas other bacterial isolates showed moderate P solubilizing capacity (PSI 1.75-6.35). A plant trial with selected isolates (SB8, SB15, SB25) were also done and SB8 achieved 10% higher P content in comparison with control which supports the in vitro P solubilization assays. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v1i1.22353 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.1(1): 27-35, Dec 2014

Effect of sucrose on denitrification through simulation, lab-scaled batch tests and pilot plants

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sucrose as external carbon source on denitrification. The specific denitrification rate (SDNR) determined using batch tests showed that acclimation to sucrose can increase SDNR in post and pre-anoxic denitrification zones by 47% and 116%, respectively. The use of sucrose in pre-anoxic zone led to an SDNR of 2.72±0.15 mg NO3- N/g MLVSS/h. This is 2.1 times higher than in the absence of external carbon and 1.7 times higher than the SDNR when sucrose was added into post-anoxic zone. The experiment has also tested the effect of sucrose on a pre-anoxic denitrification system with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) influent of 7.2 by adding roughly 150mgCOD/L of sucrose into the pre-anoxic zone. This was done through two simulation modellings before the results were verified with a pilot plant trial run. The two simulation models (a basic conceptual model and Biowin) showed a drop of effluent TN from 31.8±8 mg/L to 17.7±2.2 mg/L and 23.7±10.3 mg/L respectively. While the pilot plant test showed a clear drop from 32.7±4.7 mg/L down to 17.7±5.5 mg/L after adding sucrose. The result showed that the conceptual model was providing a more accurate simulation run than the Biowin model in this case.

Research on Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) in Cement Kiln

The efficiency and problem of SNCR in cement are explained by case study .Catalyst also is discussed by the research. And this paper presents and discusses the technical feasibility issues related to implementing SCR technology at cement plant. Some pilot plant trial and scale-full plant are also discussed and the result show that SCR can reduce NOx emissions from cement kilns by greater than 90% and achieve less than 100 mg/Nm3 NOx emissions. The fact suggests that it is a more effective and proven technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from cement kilns.

Enhanced nitrogen removal in trickling filter plants

The Beaudesert Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), originally built in 1966 and augmented in 1977, is a typical biological trickling filter (TF) STP comprising primary sedimentation tanks (PSTs), TFs and humus tanks. The plant, despite not originally being designed for nitrogen removal, has been consistently achieving over 60% total nitrogen reduction and low effluent ammonium concentration of less than 5 mg NH3-N/L. Through the return of a NO3−-rich stream from the humus tanks to the PSTs and maintaining an adequate sludge age within the PSTs, the current plant is achieving a substantial degree of denitrification. Further enhanced denitrification has been achieved by raising the recycle flows and maintaining an adequate solids retention time (SRT) within the PSTs. This paper describes the approach to operating a TF plant to achieve a high degree of nitrification and denitrification. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through the pilot plant trial. The results from the pilot trial demonstrate a significant improvement in nitrogen removal performance whilst maximising the asset life of the existing infrastructure. This shows great potential as a retrofit option for small and rural communities with pre-existing TFs that require improvements in terms of nitrogen removal.