Neural Correlates of Familiar and Unfamiliar Action in Infancy

Behavioral evidence shows that experience with an action shapes action perception. Neural mirroring has been suggested as a mechanism underlying this behavioral phenomenon. Suppression of EEG power in the mu frequency band, an index of motor activation, typically reflects neural mirroring. However, contradictory findings exist regarding the association between mu suppression and motor familiarity in infant EEG studies. In this study, we investigated the neural underpinnings reflecting the role of familiarity on action perception. We measured neural processing of familiar (grasp) and novel (tool-use) actions in 9-and-12-month-old infants. Specifically, we measured infants’ distinct motor/visual activity and explored functional connectivity associated with these processes. Mu suppression was stronger for grasping than tool-use, while significant mu and occipital alpha (indexing visual activity) suppression were evident for both actions. Interestingly, selective visual-motor functional connectivity was found during observation of familiar action, a pattern not observed for novel action. Thus, the neural correlates of perception of familiar actions may be best understood in terms of a functional neural network, rather than isolated regional activity.Our findings provide novel insights on analytic approaches for identifying motor-specific neural activity while also considering neural networks involved in observing motorically familiar versus actions.

Proposal Of a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory Line for The Assimilation of The Concept Of Height Of A Triangle By Using GeoGebra

A hypothetical learning trajectory line is described for the assimilation and fixation of the concept of height of a triangle for its treatment in pre-university. The theoretical and methodological basis is based on the processes of assimilation, learning trajectories, problem solving and the use of GeoGebra software. This work provides a didactic proposal aimed at the teacher, different from the classic presentation for the treatment of the concept of height, highlighting that the use of the software favors the processes of assimilation of this concept through the dynamic-visual activity, use of the geometric and numerical resource that this technological tool makes possible.

PR Technologies as a Tool to Manage Organizational Competitiveness

The competitiveness of an organization, being one of the main conditions for its success in a competitive environment, is a current issue of modern research. In particular, the factors of an organizational competitiveness include its image and reputation. This study examined the essence of the concept of "image" and its relationship with the concept of "reputation". The study analyzed the content and the main properties of the image on the basis of which the value-cognitive, emotional-expressive and visual-activity components of the image were identified. The author proposed her classification of PR-technologies by areas of activity, suggesting their division into informative, event-based, and project-based PR-technologies. When comparing the proposed classification of PR technologies with the image components proposed in this study, the correlation was noted. Taking into account the identified components of the image and the proposed classification of PR-technologies by areas of activity, a conceptual model of managing the image of an organization as a factor of its competitiveness was presented based on the use of PR-technologies as a set of techniques, methods, and tools used in building public relations.

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVITY AND IMAGINATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN FINE ARTS CLASSES

The article describes how visual activity contributes to the development of abstract thinking and specific, sensory experiences in schoolchildren, and in the process of the image, the child selects from the integral visual image proportions, color, silhouette, line as general and constant characteristics of the reality visually perceived by it.

Psychological and Pedagogic Characteristic of Older Preschool Children

This paper presents the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the development of older preschool children. The main periods and factors influencing the formation of the child's personality are described. These include the main activities of a preschooler – play, work, creative work, educational activities. Such concepts as speech, folklore, literature, music, visual activity, theatrical events that influence the development and formation of stable psychological characteristics of a child's personality are substantiated.

Art activities as a means of emotional development of preschool students with disabilities in inclusive education

The work presents a scientific study of an emotional preschool student with disabilities by means of art activities in inclusive education. The number of children with the status of “child with disabilities” in preschool institutions is increasing annually. We study children “included in inclusive practice” as children, who need not only a special educational conditions, but also conditions that provide them with emotional well-being, emotional responsiveness, adequate expression of their own feelings. The results of an experimental study carry out on the basis of kindergartens in the city of Tambov are presented. 40 preschool students with disabilities took part in the experimental work. The study of the emotional sphere is carried out with the help of diagnostic methods: “Anxiety Test” (R. Tammle, M. Dorkey, V. Amen); “Locomotive” (S.V. Veliyeva); “Non-existent animal” (M.Z. Drukarevich); “Cactus” (M.A. Panfilova); “Methods for studying the ability to recognize emotional states” (L.F. Fatikhova, A.A. Kharisova). The results of the study show a low level of emotional development in preschool students with disabilities. The conducted research presents the program “Rainbow of Colours” aimed at emotional development and overcoming negative emotional states in preschool students with disabilities by means of artistic activity in an inclusive education. The pedagogical program includes work with children, parents and educators. In the developing parts of the experiment, methods of work that provide the skills of emotional self-expression of children in visual activity, influencing their awareness of their feelings, experiences and emotional statesare also used. The work presents a comparative analysis of the emotional development of preschool students with disabilities using non-traditional means of visual activity at the control stage. The obtained experimental data confirm the effectiveness of the tested program and can be used in the system of inclusive education.

VISUAL ACTIVITY AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING CHILDREN’S CREATIVE ABILITIES DELAYED MENTAL DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the problem of developing the creative abilities of children with a delay in mental development. The author describes in detail how visual activity can contribute to the development of creative abilities in children with a delay in mental development.