Improved Backstepping Control of a DFIG based Wind Energy Conversion System using Ant Lion Optimizer Algorithm

In this paper, an improved Backstepping control based on a recent optimization method called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) algorithm for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) driven by a wind turbine is designed and presented. ALO algorithm is applied for obtaining optimum Backstepping control (BCS) parameters that are able to make the drive more robust with a faster dynamic response, higher accuracy and steady performance. The fitness function of the ALO algorithm to be minimized is designed using some indexes criterion like Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) and Integral Time Square Error (ITSE). Simulation tests are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to validate the effectiveness of the proposed BCS-ALO and compared to the conventional BCS control. The results prove that the objectives of this paper were accomplished in terms of robustness, better dynamic efficiency, reduced harmonic distortion, minimization of stator powers ripples and performing well in solving the problem of uncertainty of the model parameter.

ACTUALIZATION OF THE CATEGORICAL SEMANTICS OF SYNCHRONOUS SIMULTANEITY

Категориальная семантика синхронной одновременности актуализируется в немецких высказываниях с таксисными предлогами темпоральной и обстоятельственной семантики während, in, bei, mit, infolge, trotz, vor, wegen, aus, für, zu и др. Актуализация примарно-таксисных и секундарно-таксисных категориальных ситуаций синхронной одновременности наблюдается при соотнесении между собой и полном (синхронном) совпадении в рамках целостного временного периода процессов (состояний, действий, событий) девербативов и глаголов. The categorical semantics of synchronous simultaneity is actualized in German statements with taxis prepositions of temporal and adverbial semantics während, in, bei, mit, infolge, trotz, vor, wegen, aus, für, zu, etc. Actualization of primary-taxis and secondary-taxis categorical situations of synchronous simultaneity is observed when correlating with each other and complete (synchronous) coincidence within an integral time period of processes (states, actions, events) of deverbatives and verbs.

Automatic Electromechanical Control System Based on PLC Technology

With the continuous progress of science and technology, China is transforming into the field of industrial automation, striving to contribute to the liberation of labor force and the realization of assembly line industrial automation. The operation of the traditional automatic electromechanical control system(AECS) still needs a lot of manual operation, which is difficult to realize the development of all automation of electromechanical control. The new AECS proposed at present is to realize the automation, intelligent and remote control of electromechanical control system, and truly take the control system as the center for electromechanical control production.Therefore, this paper puts forward the design and application of AECS based on PLC technology. Through research, this paper expounds the AECS based on PLC technology and its application. PLC technology can realize automation and integrated control in system control, compact structure, and can accommodate the conversion of many digital signals to realize its control function of the system, study the software design of AECS, mainly design the input interface and output interface. In order to understand the application and performance of PLC technology in automatic electromechanical system, this paper compares and analyzes the fuzzy PID control error of PLC technology and the performance of AECS based on PLC technology with traditional AECS. The experimental results show that in the comparative analysis of simulation experiments between the performance of AECS based on PLC technology and traditional AECS, the proportion coefficient of traditional AECS is 1.63, the integral time constant is -1.06, and the differential time constant is 0.29, while the proportion coefficient of AECS based on PLC technology is 0.56, the integral time constant is 0.37 and the differential time constant is 1.18. The deviation of AECS based on PLC technology is smaller than that of traditional automatic electromechanical control, and the static error is also smaller, but its response speed is faster and its performance is better.

Controlling Chaotic Systems via Time-delayed Control

Based on Lyapunov stabilization theory, this paper proposes a proportional plus integral time-delayed controller to stabilize unstable equilibrium points (UPOs) embedded in chaotic attractors. The criterion is successfully applied to the classic Chua's circuit. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show the effectiveness of this controller.

Kendali TDS nutrisi hidroponik deep flow technique berbasis IoT menggunakan fuzzy logic

Pada sistem hidroponik deep flow technique (DFT), setiap umur dan jenis tanaman yang ditanam memerlukan total dissolved solids (TDS) dengan satuan ppm yang berbeda serta kegagalan tanaman dalam bertumbuh dapat terjadi jika nilai TDS tidak terpantau dengan baik. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk membuat sistem kendali nilai TDS dengan metode fuzzy logic agar nilai TDS sesuai dengan kondisi tanaman yang ditanam serta membuat sistem pemantau nilai TDS dengan memanfaatkan Internet of Things (IoT) agar nilai TDS dapat terpantau dengan baik. Sistem ini menggunakan nilai error dan delta error yang didapat dari selisih nilai setpoint dengan sensor TDS SKU:SEN0244 sebagai masukan fuzzy logic. Keluaran sistem berupa durasi ON dan OFF relay yang terhubung dengan pompa air 12 VDC. Nilai setpoint dan bacaan sensor akan ditampilkan pada LCD serta ditampilkan juga pada aplikasi Android Blynk dengan menggunakan module WiFi NodeMCU ESP8266 sebagai wireless. Hasil pengujian dari sistem yang dirancang yaitu sensor TDS yang digunakan memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 0,165%. Pengendalian yang dirancang mampu menghasilkan nilai integral absolute error (IAE) terkecil sebesar 1119 pada setpoint 800 ppm dan integral time absolute error (ITAE) terkecil sebesar 4200 pada setpoint 1000 ppm.

Kendali TDS nutrisi hidroponik deep flow technique berbasis IoT menggunakan fuzzy logic

Pada sistem hidroponik deep flow technique (DFT), setiap umur dan jenis tanaman yang ditanam memerlukan total dissolved solids (TDS) dengan satuan ppm yang berbeda serta kegagalan tanaman dalam bertumbuh dapat terjadi jika nilai TDS tidak terpantau dengan baik. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk membuat sistem kendali nilai TDS dengan metode fuzzy logic agar nilai TDS sesuai dengan kondisi tanaman yang ditanam serta membuat sistem pemantau nilai TDS dengan memanfaatkan Internet of Things (IoT) agar nilai TDS dapat terpantau dengan baik. Sistem ini menggunakan nilai error dan delta error yang didapat dari selisih nilai setpoint dengan sensor TDS SKU:SEN0244 sebagai masukan fuzzy logic. Keluaran sistem berupa durasi ON dan OFF relay yang terhubung dengan pompa air 12 VDC. Nilai setpoint dan bacaan sensor akan ditampilkan pada LCD serta ditampilkan juga pada aplikasi Android Blynk dengan menggunakan module WiFi NodeMCU ESP8266 sebagai wireless. Hasil pengujian dari sistem yang dirancang yaitu sensor TDS yang digunakan memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 0,165%. Pengendalian yang dirancang mampu menghasilkan nilai integral absolute error (IAE) terkecil sebesar 1119 pada setpoint 800 ppm dan integral time absolute error (ITAE) terkecil sebesar 4200 pada setpoint 1000 ppm.

A Standard Criterion for Measuring Turbulence Quantities Using the Four-Receiver Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry

Acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) enables three-dimensional turbulent flow fields to be obtained with high spatial and temporal resolutions in the laboratory, rivers, and oceans. Although such advantages have led ADV to become a typical approach for analyzing various fluid dynamics mechanisms, the vagueness of ADV system operation methods has reduced its accuracy and efficiency. Accordingly, the present work suggests a proper measurement strategy for a four-receiver ADV system to obtain reliable turbulence quantities by performing laboratory experiments under two flow conditions. Firstly, in still water, the magnitude of noises was evaluated and a proper operation method was developed to obtain the Reynolds stress with lower noises. Secondly, in channel flows, an optimal sampling period was determined based on the integral time scale by applying the bootstrap sampling method and reverse arrangement test. The results reveal that the noises of the streamwise and transverse velocity components are an order of magnitude larger than those of the vertical velocity components. The orthogonally paired receivers enable the estimation of almost-error-free Reynolds stresses and the optimal sampling period is 150–200 times the integral time scale, regardless of the measurement conditions.

Design, implementation, control and optimization of single stage pilot scale reverse osmosis process

In this paper, a single-stage pilot-scale RO (Reverse Osmosis) process is considered. The process is mainly used in various chemical industries such as dye, pharmaceutical, Beverage, and so on. Initially, mathematical modeling of the process is to be done followed by linearization of the system. Here a dual loop construction with a master and a slave is used. The slave uses the conventional PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) with a reference model of the RO process and the master uses the FOPID (Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative) with a real time RO process. The slave's output is compared with output of the real time RO process to obtain the error which is in turn used to tune the master. The slave controller is tuned using Ziegler Nicholas method and the error criterion such as IAE (Integral Absolute Error), ISE (Integral Squared Error), ITSE (Integral Time Squared Error), ITAE (Integral Time Absolute Error) are calculated and the minimum among them was chosen as the objective function for the master loop tuning. Hence the tuning of the controller becomes a whole. Therefore two optimization techniques such as PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFO) are used for the tuning of the master loop. From the calculations the ITSE was having the minimum value among the performance indices hence it was used as the objective function for the BFO and PSO. The best-tuned values will be obtained with the use of these techniques and the best among all can be considered for various industrial applications. Finally, the performance of the process is compared with both techniques and BFO outperforms the PSO from the simulations.

EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL E ESCOLAS DE TEMPO INTEGRAL: caminhos da produção acadêmica nacional

Com o objetivo de compreendermos as possibilidades e os desafios que envolvem a educação integral em escolas de tempo integral, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa documental, cujos dados levantados e analisados são as bases sobre as quais sustentamos este artigo. A pesquisa adotou a abordagem qualitativa e os dados foram trabalhados a partir de seis dimensões de análise: sócio filosófica, currículo, práticas de ensino, práticas de gestão, infraestrutura e política. Ao apresentar esse levantamento da produção acadêmica nacional visamos subsidiar tanto a análise sobre as temáticas quanto a implementação de políticas públicas de educação que tomam estas questões. Entre nossas conclusões destacamos a necessidade da concepção de uma escola de educação integral e/ou de tempo integral como uma mudança de perspectiva, uma alteração na forma como concebemos, organizamos, desenvolvemos e avaliamos o processo de educação escolar.Palavras-chave: educação integral; escola de tempo integral; limitações; possibilidades.INTEGRAL EDUCATION AND INTEGRAL TIME SCHOOL: pathways of the national academic productionAbstractIn order to understand the possibilities and challenges of integral education in full-time schools, we developed a documentary research, whose data have been found and analyzed, and are the basis on which this article is based. The research adopted the qualitative approach and the data were worked from six dimensions of analysis: sociological and philosophical, curriculum, teaching practices, management practices, infrastructure and politics. In presenting this survey of national academic production we aim to subsidize both the analysis on the issues and the implementation of public education policies that take these issues. Among our conclusions we highlight the need to design a full and / or full-time school of education as a change of perspective, a change in the way we conceive, organize, develop and evaluate the school education process.Keywords: integral education; integral time school; limitations; possibilities.EDUCACIÓN INTEGRAL Y ESCUELAS DE TIEMPO COMPLETO: caminos de la producción académica nacionalResumenCon el objetivo de comprender las posibilidades y los retos que envuelven la educación integral en escuelas de tiempo completo, desarrollamos una investigación documental, cuyos datos levantados y analizados son las bases sobre las cuales sostenemos este artículo. La investigación adoptó el enfoque cualitativo y los datos se trabajaron a partir de seis dimensiones de análisis: socio filosófico, currículo, prácticas de enseñanza, prácticas de gestión, infraestructura y política. Al presentar este levantamiento de la producción académica nacional pretendemos subsidiar tanto el análisis sobre las temáticas como la implementación de políticas públicas de educación que toman estas cuestiones. Entre nuestras conclusiones destacamos la necesidad de la concepción de una escuela de educación integral y / o de tiempo completo como un cambio de perspectiva, una alteración en la forma en que concebimos, organizamos, desarrollamos y evaluamos el proceso de educación escolar.Palabras clave: educación integral; escuela de tiempo completo; limitaciones; possibilidades.