Bringing Arts Integration to Youth (BRAINY) at Colorado State University

In this chapter, the authors demonstrate how a university Art Education program assists the university art museum and trains students to lead tours for BRAINY (BRinging Arts INtegration to Youth), the museum's educational program for Title I schools. The authors present how they guide student educators to develop tours for BRAINY by applying different interpretive strategies. The impacts that BRAINY creates for the visiting students and local communities include 1) the enhancement of civic engagement for young citizens, 2) high-quality art experiences for Title I schools, 3) the extended community program—Family Day. The impacts on student art educators are 1) knowing how to teach art in different learning contexts that are outside of the classroom, 2) applying the questioning strategies to their classroom teaching for probing art dialogues with students, 3) learning to be prepared but also flexible for unexpected situations. This chapter provides a practical and positive example to address a wonderful collaboration between an art museum, community members, and higher education.

“Assessment for Learning” Practices Amongst the Primary School English Language Teachers: A Mixed Methods Approach

This study aimed to investigate the practices of the AfL strategies and the stages of assessment in pedagogy by English language teachers in primary schools. In Phase I: the Quantitative Strand, the Assessment for Learning Audit Instrument (AfLAi) was distributed to a total of 89 primary schools in the Hulu Langat district. The AfLAi results determined the cut-off points and the divergent categories to be further investigated in Phase II: Qualitative Strand. The 244 respondents were clustered into two subset participants of four higher and four lower scorers in the AfLAi who were investigated via a semi-structured interview and/or observation. The results from the AfLAi cum the cut-off points were Mean=3.7 on QCD (SD=0.74), sharing LOSC (SD=0.79) and FB (SD=0.77), and mean=3.3 on PSA (SD=0.87). From Phase I, 15 divergent categories were selected. Phase II findings on the 115 recurring categories were divided into three profiles: the higher scorers (29 categories), the lower scorers (26 categories) and the consensus (60 categories). Consequently, the 15 divergent categories were explained in a joint display to observe the similarities and the differences of practised amongst the higher and the lower scorers in the AfLAi. The joint display affirmed that 11 categories were practiced similarly. The four differences were on the “Availability of LOs”, “Questioning strategies”, “Compliment with FB”, and “Pupils’ progress report/self-assess”. It indicated that regardless of their scores, the participants had contributed some practical approaches to the study framework, which were beneficial beyond disciplines and classroom situations.

Interrogation in Nigerian Police-suspect Discourse

Police-suspect interrogation is a peculiar discourse genre where there is interplay of power and dominance. This study examines the process by which linguistic coercion by the police is being actualized. The data for the study were interrogations between the police and some suspects that were selected within Ondo and Ekiti State Police Commands. The towns were purposively chosen based on their geographical spread across the Ondo Area Command as well as their population and commercial advantages. The data gathered were transcribed and analysed using Gibbons’ Forensic Questioning model. Since police-suspect interaction is based on questions and answers, questions in police-suspect interaction were classified according to the degree of power embedded in them. The result indicated that assault, abduction, affray and robbery were the common themes in Police-Suspect Discourse. The findings of the study reveal that in Police-Suspect Discourse there are such questions as declarative, choice, restricted and non-restricted WH-questions, special formulas and projected questions. The study further reveals that the questioning strategies of the police afford them the opportunity of controlling the interrogation. The more frequently the police use questions, the more they are coercive.

Questioning Strategies Applied by Lecturers in EFL Class

The purpose of this study is aimed at finding out the questioning strategies used by lecturers during teaching, the types of questions, and the reasons for using these questioning strategies in classroom interactions in the English Education Study Program. The sample in this study are three lecturers at the English Education Study Program, Faculty of Letters, Indonesian Muslim University. The sample is selected based on teaching experience and has obtained an Educator Certificate. Then, this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, especially discourse/conversation analysis. Data collection is carried out in three stages, namely knowing the schedule, observing the online lectures, and interviewing. Furthermore, the data is analyzed into three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the description of the results and discussion, it can be concluded as follows: The questioning strategies applied by the lecturers are: (1) opening questions; (2) rhetorical questions; (3) managerial questions; (4) knowledge questions; (5) comprehension/understanding questions; (6) questions about specific information; (7) analysis questions; (8) use of pausing strategy; (9) the use of prompting strategies; (10) use of probing and prompting strategies; (11) application questions; and (12) closed questions. The purpose of the application of the questions: (1) regulate the flow/process from the beginning (apperception) to reinforcement and review at the end of the lecture; (2) provide a stimulus so that students think critically; (2) directing the student's flow of thought to focus on the discussion; (3) giving emphasis, affirmation, examples; (4) knowing the level of understanding of students in the cognitive domain from C1, C2, C3 and C4; (5) build emotional relationship with students; (6) the questions are presented using pausing, prompting and probing techniques to guide and direct students to find complete answers and equal opportunities for all students to provide responses.

TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF QUESTIONING AS PRE-TEACHING STAGE IN GENERAL ENGLISH CLASSES

<p>Research into questioning, a form of inquiry to engage students in active and purposeful responses has witnessed its crucial role in teaching English as a foreign or second language. In particular, questioning, from the Socratic philosophy, is an interactive process that involves student thinking and communication of ideas and knowledge for effective learning. However, teacher questioning has not received much attention in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom context in higher education in Vietnam. Moreover, classroom questioning and teachers’ perceptions of this instructional practice facilitating students’ higher-order skills in non-English majored classes remained scarce. This study therefore examines such perceived use of questioning within non-English majored classes at tertiary context. This paper focuses on the interview data, which explored how seven teachers perceived their respective use of questioning related to active learning of students in General English classes. The findings reveal how teachers perceived questioning as effective in several ways. The findings extend the literature on questioning strategies by providing insightful views into how teachers used questions to promote active learning of students, tailor their existing practices, and make informed decision-making processes for their future undertakings. The paper concludes by presenting implications for teachers and students for the quality instruction and professional growth.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0880/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

ANALISIS STRATEGI BERTANYA GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP NEGERI 1 SEUNUDON KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA

This study aims to describe the questioning strategy used by teachers in learning Indonesian at SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon, North Aceh Regency. The approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. The subject of this research is a teacher in the field of Indonesian language studies at SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon. Meanwhile, the object of this research is the question used by the teacher in learning. Research data can be in the form of types of teacher questions that are asked using strategies. To obtain data, this study used observation and recording techniques. Based on the results of the study, teachers in the field of Indonesian language studies at SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon, North Aceh Regency actively use several questioning strategies in asking questions to students by referring to the theory that the author uses. First, the waiting time strategy, which is the most dominant length of time given as a teacher strategy is 1-3 seconds and with 3-5 seconds it is only used for some questions (B1). Second, strengthening strategy (B2). This strategy is also known as giving rewards or awards. This strategy is done by giving some expressions that can make students feel happy, such as: very good, very true, and a hundred for you. Third, the strategy of exploring questions (B3). This strategy is used by providing follow-up questions taken from students' answers and then used as questions. The use of this strategy aims to make students convey the information that is known in full, and Fourth, the interaction equation strategy (B4). Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang strategi bertanya yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru bidang studi Bahasa Indonesia yang ada di SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon. Sedangkan, objek penelitian ini adalah pertanyaan yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran. Data penelitian dapat berupa jenis-jenis pertanyaan guru yang diajukan dengan menggunakan strategi. Untuk memperoleh data, penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi dan rekam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa guru bidang studi Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 1 Seunudon Kabupaten Aceh Utara secara aktif menggunakan beberapa strategi bertanya dalam mengajukan pertanyaan kepada siswa dengan mengacu pada teori yang penulis gunakan. Pertama, strategi waktu tunggu, yaitu lama waktu yang paling dominan diberikan sebagai strategi guru adalah 1-3 detik dan dengan waktu 3-5 detik hanya digunakan untuk beberapa pertanyaan (B1). Kedua, strategi penguatan (B2). Strategi ini disebut juga dengan pemberian reward atau penghargaan. Strategi ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan beberapa ungkapan yang dapat membuat siswa merasa senang, seperti: bagus sekali, betul sekali, dan seratus buat kamu. Ketiga, strategi pertanyaan menggali (B3). Strategi ini digunakan dengan cara memberikan pertanyaan lanjutan yang diambil dari jawaban siswa kemudian dijadikan sebagai pertanyaan. Penggunaan strategi ini bertujuan agar siswa menyampaikan informasi yang diketahui secara lengkap, dan Keempat, strategi persamaan interaksi (B4). Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, Strategi Bertanya

Teachers’ questioning strategies and students’ perceptions toward critical questions in EFL classroom interaction

This study aims to find out teachers’ questioning strategies and students’ perceptions of critical questions in EFL classroom interaction. This research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which the classroom interaction was online. We used a case study design that focused on the descriptive analysis. This study was conducted at one of Senior High Schools in Semarang. The participants in this study are two English teachers and two classes. The data were gained by using classroom observation, interview, questionnaire, and documentation. We used Chen’s (2016) theory and Anderson & Krathwohl (2001) to categorize and analyze the data findings to know teachers’ questioning strategies and students’ perceptions toward critical questions in EFL classroom interaction. The result of the analysis showed that the teachers used all of the teachers' questioning strategies and they posed critical questions. Teachers questioning strategies used by the teachers when posing critical questions were wait-time, repetition, paraphrasing, simplifying, and probing. The obvious strategy to elicit students’ responses toward critical questions was probing. In line with this, the teachers also combined the teachers questioning strategies with the skill of basic questioning to elicit students’ critical answers. The students didn’t perceive critical question as a threat, although it was difficult to answer. However, they perceived critical question as a challenge for them. It can be concluded that the students perceived critical question as a motivational question.

TEACHERS QUESTIONING STRATEGIES IN ACHIEVING STUDENTS SPEAKING COMPETENCE IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM

The study investigates the grilling system teachers applied at school to know the learners’ answers and “the” teachers’ reasons for achieving students’ speaking competence in English classrooms. The qualitative method is chosen to see the researcher's question responses, the observation in the classroom, and some questions toward the educators. As the findings implied, the two teachers required prompting, changing cognitive demand levels, and providing additional information in display type more dominant than others questions strategies and effective communication. The teacher at the private school repeated the questions and translated them into Indonesia or mixed the questions to relieve the learners' understanding about inquiries and responses effectively. Nevertheless, the totality of English was engaged by the teacher at the state school. The students were easier to understand simpler after the teacher explores many questions and applied much longer time toward the wait time method. The study presented the helpful results of the questions used when the teachers operated in the teaching and learning process and upgraded learners' responses in participating in the learning process. This study offered effective teachers’ questioning strategies in increasing learners' communicative skills, particularly in achieving speaking competence.