Analysis on the Development Direction of News Photography in the Digital Era

With the rapid rise of information technology and the continuous update of science and technology, society has stepped into the digital age, which accelerates the prosperity of visual culture, and news has entered the era of reading pictures. The development of digital technology not only brings convenience to news photography, but also brings great challenges to professional news photographers. The advantage is that the buttons of digital cameras have replaced the technical means of traditional film photography, thus greatly reducing the threshold of photography. This article will explain the two development directions of photojournalism in the digital age, evaluate the contribution of documentary photojournalism to society, and also consider some development constraints.

Writings on Media

Writings on Media gathers more than twenty of Stuart Hall's media analyses, from scholarly essays such as “Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse” (1973) to other writings addressed to wider publics. Hall explores the practices of news photography, the development of media and cultural studies, the changing role of television, and how the nation imagines itself through popular media. He attends to Britain's imperial history and the politics of race and cultural identity as well as the media's relationship to the political project of the state. Testifying to the range and agility of Hall's critical and pedagogic engagement with contemporary media culture—and also to his collaborative mode of working—this volume reaffirms his stature as an innovative media theorist while demonstrating the continuing relevance of his methods of analysis.

Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa dalam Membedakan Tulisan Jurnalistik

Journalism knowledge with all forms of writing is the product offered to students of Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, Faculty of Languages And Arts, Universitas Negeri Padang through journalism package courses as predominant skills besides language, literature, and teaching skills. Based on this condition, this study is intended to measure the degree of student knowledge in distinguishing journalistic writing. This research is quantitative research with descriptive methods. Quantitative analysis is designed to measure and describe the level of student knowledge. The population of this study was 453 students of the Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia study program. Based on the provisions of the research variables, students who had passed the introductory journalism, editorial, and news photography courses were students in 2014 who were used as the research population as many as 105 people. The research sample was taken with Taro Yamane's formula with a precision level of 10% to 51 students. Based on the results of the data analysis, it was found that the student's knowledge of distinguishing journalistic writing was in the range of 79.90%. This result shows that students' knowledge in determining the variety of journalistic writing is in the 'outstanding' criteria.

The visual international politics of the European refugee crisis: Tragedy, humanitarianism, borders

The European refugee crisis has been communicated visually through images such as those of Alan Kurdi lying dead on the beach, by body bags on the harbor front of Lampedusa, by people walking through Europe and by border guards and fences. This article examines the broader visual environment within which EU policy-making took place from October 2013 to October 2015. It identifies ‘tragedy’ as the key term used by the EU to explain its actions and decisions and points out that discourses of humanitarianism and border control were both in place. The article provides a theoretical account of how humanitarianism and border control might be visualized by news photography. Adopting a multi-method design and analyzing a dataset of more than 1000 photos, the article presents a visual discourse analysis of five generic iconic motifs and a quantitative visual content analysis of shifts and continuity across four moments in time. The article connects these visual analyses to the policies and discourses of the EU holding that the ambiguity of the EU’s discourse was mirrored by the wider visual environment.

NEWS PHOTOGRAPHY IN MODERN PHOTOJOURNALISM: TYPES AND FEATURES

The article is about the fact that in modern mass-media photos more and more often become not only a visual background to informative, analytical or journalistic text, but as headlines attract attention of audience. Such kind of approach increases quality requirements of illustrative material in modern periodicals because popularity of texts which are published in newspapers and magazines depends on that. Some separate photos might become a kind of visual factage which does not need any verbal explanation. A lot of attention is paid to the role, purpose and features of photos for news as a genre of modern photojournalism. A short review of sources of research issues is made in the article. The author has considered the main definitions and features of news photography as one of the main informative genres of modern pictural journalism. It is accented on the fact that modern photojournalists have to orientate not only in genres of photojournalism but also to be able to use them in everyday practice. Here you can find views of photojournalism theorists on the condition of news photography. In the article are given recommendations of photojournalists practitioners and workers of information agencies on the main requirements of producing photos in this genre. In the article process of producing news photos and their use in modern periodical publications are considered. The author emphasizes on the quality of such pictures and their place in visual accompaniment of informative text. In the summary are given recommendations on preparation of photojournalists who are going to work in the genre of news photography.

Photojournalism and the Moss Side Riots of 1981: Narrowly Selective Transparency

In the summer of 1981 a series of riots broke out across England. Here we look at the contemporary photojournalism of the Moss Side, Manchester, riots in the local newspaper, the Manchester Evening News, in order to better understand the riots and media representation of riots more generally. We begin by exploring the contradictory nature of photography (and news photography in particular) – what Susan Sontag refers to as photography’s narrowly selective transparency. We then outline a brief history of the riots, before turning to examine photographs in the Manchester Evening News at the time. We analyse the images both collectively and individually on the basis of what has been selected to be shown and why, and what has been excluded. This perspective allows us then to see in the photographs themselves what was intended to be excluded, primarily the causes of the riots – poverty, racism and oppressive policing; and the humanity of those who took part.

Photojournalism

The story of photojournalism is inextricably linked with humankind’s desire to understand the meaning of life itself. Photojournalism means visual reporting. At first read, that definition seems clear. When coined in the mid-20th century, photojournalism referred primarily to news photography: still photographs of significant or interesting events and people published in newspapers and magazines along with verbal reports or brief explanatory captions. As journalistic media expanded to include video and audio, first in analog form and then in digital form, such word combinations as visual journalism, visual reportage, and multimedia journalism gained popularity as inclusive concepts to describe the different forms visual reporting might take. Further complicating the challenge to photojournalism researchers is the need to explore literature related to visual evidence; such complex epistemological and methodological issues as representation and reality; and the impact of media on culture and society. Scholarship across the disciplines sometimes addresses photojournalism directly and almost always can inform the study of photojournalism: in art the History and criticism of photography and film in all their forms, both realistic and expressionistic; in English and comparative literature images as texts; in philosophy theories of Aesthetics, ways of knowing, and perception; and in social and natural sciences psychology of perception, eye and brain, behavior, anthropology, folklore, popular culture, and environmental science. Scholarship exploring photojournalism specifically often focuses on one or more parts of the dynamic of visual communication: the image maker (photographer, videographer, graphic novelist, editor, designer); who or what is imaged (person, moment, event, place, era, social issue); how the image is managed and distributed (editing, design, platform, marketing, archiving); or how the image is viewed and remembered (viewer, audience, receiver, eye, brain). Ranging from such practical concerns as tracking the movement of a viewer’s eyes across the elements of a newspaper page to such complex issues as the nature of reality or how memory alters what we perceive and believe, a growing body of literature has enhanced knowledge of the role of visual reportage in mediating, influencing, or even creating public perception of and response to people, events, and issues near and far. Although this annotated bibliography seeks to cover the range of work significant to the study of photojournalism, by definition as a selection of work it cannot be comprehensive.