THE PROBLEM OF CONFLICT REGULATION IN THE DR CONGO FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RALPH DARENDORFF'S CONCEPT OF CONFLICT REGULATION

The question of studying the essence of conflict as a process in the context of modern political studies raises the question of applying a new method – an interdisciplinary one based on the synthesis of paradigms and approaches. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to analyze the conflict in this region in the light of the relevance of assessing support strategies in regions with political and military instability in Africa. The purpose of this study is to consider the essential parameters of the conflict process in the DRC, this conflict process is constitutional and one of the bloodiest in the history of independent African states, complicated by a huge number of participants in the conflict at different stages. It is also necessary to analyze the role of the so-called managers in the conflict in the context of the essential transition and political transformation of the Congo after 1960 and the acquisition of formal independence against the background of the continuing expansion of Western corporations into the economic sector of the DRC. The main problem to solve was the need to assess the procedure for resolving conflict contradictions in the DRC and the possibility of reducing the presence of a violent component in the interaction, and the role of socio-political institutions of society that could favorably act as institutions for peace-building and peace enforcement, with the activities of MONUC and the UN as a whole not losing relevance. The main result of the research is the development of the concept of conflict resolution in the DRC, based on the theory of social conflict by R. Darendorf. The author comes to the conclusion that the reduction of violence in the conflict in the DRC and the settlement of the conflict in this region are possible only with proper methodological and theoretical support for the peace-building process. The author also emphasizes the importance of increasing the pace of development of the army and police in the DRC, the importance of the influence of international actors in resolving the conflict through authority, and not through direct intervention in the conflict.

Modelling organizational conflict processes: the organizational value of employee commitment and the moderating role of transformational leadership

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to model the nature of intra-group conflicts and to show how conflict process phases that are beneficial to the organization can be supported and how disadvantageous conflict process phases can be prevented or managed. Task (process) and relationship conflicts can appear alternately in the same conflict process, so the overperformance cannot be estimated by the number of intra-group conflicts alone. By exploring the intra-group conflict processes, the author can identify patterns of employee commitment that can increase, mitigate or prevent certain phases of conflict processes. Design/methodology/approach The study presents three intra-group conflicts from the same multinational company using the narrative tool. Qualitative methods are particularly suitable for modeling feelings, thoughts, fears and workplace attitudes. The cases come from the immediate managers of the conflict-affected groups. Findings The process of intra-group conflicts can typically be divided into four phases: task (process) conflict; relationship conflict; task (process) conflict; end of conflict (end of teeming). Task conflict, which provides overperformance for the organization, is supported by the employees’ normative and professional commitment, while the prevention of relationship conflict, which is detrimental to performance, is supported by increasing the employees’ affective commitment. The relationship between affective commitment and relationship conflict is moderated by transformational leadership. Finally, the minimum of team performance is affected by both the degree of relationship conflict and the lack of affective commitment, while the maximum of team performance is positively affected by the degree of task (process) conflict and the employees’ normative and professional commitment. Research limitations/implications In the future, the results should be confirmed by researches using quantitative methods. Practical implications The results suggest to managers that enhancing employees’ affective commitment is primarily important for preventing the disadvantageous relationship conflicts, while enhancing their normative and professional commitment is important for fostering the performance-related task conflict. The results show that increasing commitment goes beyond the organizational value of employees’ loyalty alone, and also highlight the importance of training and development. Originality/value In the literature on intra-group conflicts, most studies treat task and relationship conflicts independently of each other in conflict processes. This paper shows that both conflicts can be part of the same process at the same time. In addition, little research had addressed how employee commitment reduces or increases the certain phase of a specific type of conflict process.

Fixed and Variable in Architecture Knowledge

The recognition of the content and its apparent and fundamental characteristics in the local architecture through the architectural knowledge to reach the architectural creativity with the variable output that fulfills the human, social and functional needs. The knowledge comes from the engines (theories and concepts) and their impact on the nature of the societies where they play a role in the conflict process Fixed values ​​to produce a content format. The recognition of the content and its apparent and fundamental characteristics in the local architecture through the architectural knowledge to reach the architectural creativity with the variable output that fulfills the human, social and functional needs. The knowledge comes from the engines (theories and concepts) and their impact on the nature of the societies where they play a role in the conflict process Fixed values ​​to produce a form with new content or adaptations to the constants to achieve creative communication rather than transport. The dialectic between the fixed and the variable is a conflict in the production of ideas have been employed for the change of multiple dimensions and the role of architectural knowledge in the access to express the relative constant and relative variable to access the output to creativity and the role of the relationship between continuity and adaptation. New or adapted to the constants to achieve communication creativity and not transport. The dialectic between the fixed and the variable is a conflict in the production of ideas have been employed for the change of m HGhghultiple dimensions and the role of architectural knowledge in the access to express the relative constant and relative variable to access the output to creativity and the role of the relationship between continuity and adaptation

Linguaconflictological Research of Internet Appeal

The present research features the genre of internet appeal as a dialogic conflict process. The paper focuses on the internet appeal as an element of conflict communication and a form of open dialogue between the state and society. The linguaconflictological approach was determined by communication strategies and intentional attitudes of the sender and recipient of the internet appeal. The authors proved that the internet appeal is a special sub-genre of the complaint and explained how conflict manifests itself in this genre. The analysis of strategies and tactics revealed conceptual ideas of internet users who applied for help to officials institutions. The empirical basis of research was obtained from the internet page of the Governor of Kemerovo region. The analysis showed the effect of various factors on speech strategies and tactics and revealed communicative intentions. The internet appeal is characterized by a set of specific strategies and tactics of conflict communication, determined by the gap between the intentional attitudes of the sender and the recipient.

Konflikty destruktywne – trudno rozwiązywalne w perspektywie „wychowania do wartości”

Postmodernity born as a result of the crisis of civilization culture is characterized by pluralism, a “category” of difference, reflected, among others, in social (interpersonal, group) conflicts with a constructive and/or destructive impact. Special attention should be paid to difficult-to-solve conflicts due to their extremely unfavorable social consequences. They are characterized by a great complexity of disputable issues, aggression, violence, mutual harm, desire to destroy the opponent, a very escalating character. The persistence of such conflicts causes a sense of hopelessness on the part of the parties involved. Extinguishing or trying to resolve these situations requires extraordinary measures, as traditional dispute resolution strategies such as negotiation and mediation are not effective. “Education for values”, which focuses on identifying fundamental values, cannot be overestimated in the prevention of conflicts that are difficult to resolve. Large differences in values often trigger a conflict process, which is why it is so important to identify a universe accepted by all, which may become a significant inhibitor of hostilities and antagonisms.

SUBREGIONAL MODELS OF THE CONFLICT PROCESS: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The paper presents the main methodological approaches to the study of sub-regional models of the conflict process in the South of Russia. The author substantiates and emphasizes the importance of scenario comparative method and social modeling, focuses on the use of interdisciplinary scientific tools, as well as the integrated concept of J. Galtung. The article discusses in detail the problems of studying and ensuring the security of the political and economic structure of the sub-region, pays attention to conceptual approaches to determining the degree of stability of its main functional components in crisis situations, as well as in the context of the escalation of geopolitical and socio-economic conflicts, the growth of migration flows and information warfare in the global space. In this study, the authors provide an argument for the causes of the emergence and escalation of the sub-regional conflict process on the basis of the analytical axiology of the multi-ethnic region. In the process of interpretation of the concept of “sub-regional model” the possibilities of scientific modeling and forecasting of scenarios of sub-region development on the basis of functional analysis of structural elements of this community are analyzed. The article also describes the main problems of implementation of the strategy of management of regional conflicts (including the role of regional ethnic elites in the formation of the conflict process), outlines the priorities and principles of this strategy, in particular the development of personnel policy and increasing the structural responsibility of the sub-regional authorities. The authors emphasize that on the basis of the most effective research practices and options for justifying the actualized evolutionary paradigms it is possible to implement the scientific and management model of correction and creation of a new, more equitable reality and to ensure the viability of the social system and favorable prospects for development

Process Oriented Psychology: Advanced Practices for Dispute Resolution

This article introduces Process Oriented Psychology – also known as Processwork – a relatively new approach to working with dispute resolution and conflict. Process Oriented Psychology is a comprehensive awareness-based paradigm that seeks to observe, follow, and support the flow of information signals as they emerge and unfold through communication in people, groups, and communities. It is a humanistic, trans-disciplinary approach for developing awareness and change, drawing from Jungian and Gestalt psychologies, sociology, systems and communications theory, Taoist philosophy, indigenous knowledge, and physics.