Subjecting Sentences: Syntax and Power in Ocean Vuong’s On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

Meliora ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia D'Urso

Ocean Vuong’s semi-autobiographical novel On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous opens as a letter to the narrator, Little Dog’s, mother—it is a letter she’ll never be able to read, as she is illiterate in both her Vietnamese mother tongue and the limited English she has learned following her immigration to America. Little Dog, having learned both languages, resists the rigidity of their respective, repressive syntaxes; if syntax functions as ideology—as an imagined set of rules and processes which govern a structure of sentences within a language and, in turn, the subjected bodies which are interpellated by the literal and subsequently constructed Subject of such sentences—then Little Dog opposes such ideology by subverting the hierarchical Subject/subject relationships created within the subject/object sentence structure. Rather than align with Ferdinand de Saussure’s structuralist argument towards language as based in such hierarchical binary oppositions, Little Dog searches for a new language—one that can truly act as a bridge, rather than a border—often intentionally breaking prosaic form and grammar rules in an effort to unearth it. 

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Д.М Магомедов

The syntactic essence of the main members of a sentence can be determined only within the framework of syntactic correlation. The subject in the Avar language is included in the predicative basis, although it is not the carrier of the predicative. Its participation in the design of the predicative stem is that it is coordinated with the predicate verb in the class and number. A cool verb refers to a nominative name in a sentence structure. Only a name in the nominative can be a subject in the Avar language.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftahul Huda

Language acquisition starts from the ability of listening basic letter(iktisab al-ashwat) since child age. The letter of a language is limited in number, and sometimes there is similarity of letters among languages. The similarity of letters in two languages make it easy to learn the language. On the contrary, the obstacle of language learning can be caused by different letters between two languages (mother tongue and second/foreign language). The problem may be caused by minimal pairs (tsunaiyat al-shughro). This research aims at finding out the error of minimal pair acquisition, with the subject of Indonesian students in Jami’ah Malik Saud Saudi Arabia, with the method of error analysis. The study concludes that in iktisab al-ashwat of minimal pairs, the error is around 3,3 %-58,3%. Second: the error on minimal pairs occurs on the letters shift ?? ?? ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ? , letter ? to be ?? , and letter ? to be ?.


Author(s):  
ZHIQIANG WANG ◽  
XINYI ZHAO

The subject of this research is the implementation of the theory of functional grammar in teaching of Russian language grammar to Chinese audience. The object of this research is the functional grammar of A. V. Bondarenko and communicative function of G. A. Zolotova. Studying the theory of functional grammar of the Russian language and its application among the Chinese audience allows deepening the understanding of grammar rules and increase the efficiency of teaching Russian grammar to Chinese students. The article analyzes the current situation regarding the teaching of Russian grammar in China. Special attention is given to such question as the method of employment of the theory of functional grammar at the grammar lessons among Chinese audience. The novelty consist in the attempt to implement the theory of functional grammar in teaching of Russian language grammar to Chinese students. The article determines the flaws of the traditional structural grammar and merits of the functional grammar. It is revealed that the application of functional grammar would help the students to improve the command of grammar rules and speech communication.


Proglas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Cholakov ◽  

The present paper is focused on Lyuben Georgiev’s innovative ideas concerning Bulgarian language teaching. The author’s new ideas presented in his work The Mother Tongue in Our Junior High Schools and High Schools (a Language Teaching Endeavour) (1933) have not been the subject of scientific research so far. L. Georgiev’s set of didactic ideas is important evidence for the overcoming of the Herbartian model and the orientation of language teaching towards the formation of communicative competencies. Emphasizing the creative nature of pedagogical interaction, Lyuben Georgiev offers a comprehensive system of ideas – a system that is in line with modern trends in language learning.


1990 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Carolien Schouten-van Parreren

Within the larger framework of a project on Mixed Ability Teaching, a qualitative experiment was carried out with respect to the individual differences between pupils of very different ability ranges, when learning French. This experiment was meant to gain insight into the nature of the differences concerning vocabulary learning and reading strategies. 69 pupils (12-15 year) pupils of very different ability ranges (but being educated together) were presented with a variety of vocabulary learning and reading tasks. They worked individually or in pairs and were requested to think aloud. The following tasks were used: 1) while reading a story, guessing the meaning of unknown words from the context, 2) after having read a story, memorizing the meaning of unknown words by means of vocabulary cards, 3) intensive reading of a relatively difficult illustrated story, 4) recalling the meaning of new words incidentally acquired (or not), while reading a story, 5) doing an exercise, involving different reading strategies. The analysis of the protocol records focused on the causes of the differences between weak and strong pupils. The differences which were found could be related to two relevant general strategies: guessing the meaning of an unknown word from the context and analyzing the word form of an unknown word. The main results were the following: 1) the attention of weak pupils tends to be exclusively drawn by one source of information; weak pupils are not able to integrate information from different sources (advance knowledge, text, word forms, context, illustrations, cues), 2) weak pupils take no account whatsoever of the sentence structure, 3) weak pupils have difficulties in generalizing from a new word to an already known word (in the target language or in the mother tongue). The article concludes with some implications for foreign language teaching.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Mroczyńska

Various works on transitivity suggest that aspectual notions may constitute semantic determinants of argument realization. Observations included in these works prompted theories implying that argument realization may be aspectually driven. Following this line of thought, this article presents the results of corpus-based studies on antipassive structure in the Polish language and makes an attempt at confirming the fact that aspectual notion may determine argument realization. The article consists of three main sections. The first one focuses on notions of aspect and various aspectual propositions distinguished in the literature on the subject, regarding the Polish language in particular. The second section, illustrated with examples extracted from the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP) and the corpus of Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego (KWSJP), gives an overview of Polish perfectivizing verbal prefixes, i.e. a roz‑, na-, o-/ob- and u-prefix, and deals with the effect they may have on sentence structure and semantics. It also shows how the prefixed verbs combine with the marker się, which flags antipassive, i.e. is a recurring marker attested in antipassive constructions in the Polish language. In section three, an attempt is made at analyzing the interrelations between aspect and antipassive reading of a structure. As it seems that a perfective prefix used with a verb imposes certain requirements on the argument structure of the verb it combines with, we also offer a possible explanation to different aspectual requirements of verbs occurring in antipassive structures, assuming that projections coded in a verb may play a role here.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman ◽  
Nanda Noviyanti

This research raised the issue of language management as (1) the planning process in determining the vision and mission of writing a proposal (formulating a topic), (2) organizing (compiling the proposal writing structure as effectively as possible), (3) conducting a leadership strategy, that is, a strategy related to motivating, influencing and directing the reader, and (4) controlling (editing or editing the proposal writing). These four aspects of language management are focused on the use of Indonesian in proposals in terms of (1) sentence structure, (2) structure, (3) meaning/diction, and (4) writing. The subject of this study was a student proposal from the Faculty of Economics, Mulawarman University. Data in the form of language management, namely the planning process of writing proposals to editing student proposals is collected by the documentation method. To strengthen the classification of variations in language use on proposals, validation is carried out from experts in the field of error analysis or in the field of applied linguistics. Data in the form of eleven proposals from the Faculty of Economics students were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that in the proposal writing of non-linguistic students had fulfilled the four aspects of language management (style of environment of the faculty of economics) namely, the stages of planning, organizing, writing, and editing. In addition to paying attention to writing management, writing a proposal also has writing characteristics. Krakteristik is the hallmark of an idea both in writing and presentation. Characteristics contain facts, contain both title and problem descriptions, use of theory, problem-solving and conclude. found a variety of deviations in the use of language, both relating to the sentence structure, the formations, the order of meaning/diction, and writing.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémi Evelin Tóth ◽  
Győző Yang Zijian

A kutatás célja egy olyan tanulást segítő alkalmazás megvalósítása, amely segítségével a magyar diákok számára könnyebbé tehető az olyan anyanyelvi alapok megértése, mint például, hogy miként épülnek fel a mondatok, milyen egységekből állnak össze és azok hogyan viszonyulnak egymáshoz. A száraz nyelvtani anyagok helyett önállóságot növelő, játékos és interaktív feladatokkal több diák is közelebb kerülhetne a magyar nyelvhez és annak mélyebb megértéséhez. Tapasztalat, hogy a tanulók számára a nyelvtan, mint tanóra, sokszor okoz nehézségeket a tanulás során. Bár az évek alatt átfogó anyagot kapnak ahhoz, hogy a nyelvtan mindennapi használata ne jelenthessen gondot, azonban sokan így sem tudják összeegyeztetni a tanultakat a gyakorlattal, hiába használják nap mint nap helyesen az anyanyelvüket. Elmondható, hogy messze elmarad az általában kedvelt tantárgyak mögött, holott mindennek az alapját az jelentené, ha egy ember a saját anyanyelvét jól ismerné és használná. Ezért fontos lenne elérni, hogy a gyerekek számára a nyelvtantanulás, korosztálytól függetlenül, ne csak teher legyen. Találják meg a nekik megfelelő nehézségű feladatokat, amelyeket élvezettel oldhatnak meg, megfelelő visszajelzést kapva arról, ha hibáztak és azt hogyan javíthatják. Ehhez társul egy olyan webes technológiákkal és nyelvészeti eszközökkel támogatott alkalmazás, ami rendelkezik a megfelelően felépített és letisztult felhasználói felülettel, ami kisebb gyerekek és szülők számára is érthető és könnyen használható. Az alkalmazás funkciói közé tartozik mind a törzsanyag elsajátítása, mind a helyesírás és a mondatok elemzése, ellenőrzése. A tananyag csakúgy, mint ahogy az iskolában, témakörökre bontott, amikben korosztály szerint megtalálhatók a feladatsorok és a hozzájuk artozó magyarázó részek. Így könnyebben feldolgozható, lépésről lépésre, gyakorlati példákon keresztül tanulható az elmélet. A feladatok sokszínűsége miatt a diákok figyelme fenntartható és különböző jutalmazási rendszereken keresztül a tanulás élvezetesebbé válhat. A szoftver hátterében pedig jól bevált, különféle nyelvi elemzők implementálásával maga a szoftver is részt vesz a mondatok elemzésében, a helyesírás ellenőrzésében az iskolákban tanított nyelvi szabályok alapján. A felhasználók pedig maguk is megadhatják az elemezni kívánt mondatot, vagy mondatokat. Mindezzel nemcsak a diákok, de a pedagógusok munkája is egyszerűbbé válhat, ugyanis azzal, hogy a diákok nemcsak az órán kaphatnak visszajelzést a tudásukról, ami a legtöbb iskolában heti egy-két alkalmat jelent, az önálló, otthoni tanulás is eredményessé válhat, a program így elősegíti az anyag helyes rögzülését is. ----- Hungarian grammar learning application for primary and high school students ----- The aim of this research is the development of an application that allows Hungarian students to learn the basics of the Hungarian grammar in an easier way, for instance the sentence structure, the different units that build up a sentence, and how they relate to one another. Instead of the plain grammar rules, this application motivates students for independence, helps students to get closer to the Hungarian language by friendly and interactive tasks, and allows them to gain a deeper understanding of the language itself. When it comes to grammar lessons many individuals have experienced difficulties in the learning process. Although they get a brief overview during the years, granting them the correct use of their language in the everyday life without complication, some still can’t manage to apply their studies in practise. It can be stated that it is far behind the popular subjects, despite the fact that it would be the basis of everything, that a person knows and uses their mother language in the correct way. This is one of the main reasons why we need to find a way, in which every individual regardless of their age finds learning grammar more than just a burden. They should be able to find the right tasks for their knowledge, which they can solve with joy, getting the right feedback, letting them know of their mistakes, and ways to correct those mistakes. Such a thing would be the application stated above, using web technologies and linguistic tools, including a properly structured and clean user interface, which would be easy to use and understand for both small children and adults as well. The application would function as a tool for learning the core material, besides accurate spelling, analysing sentences and inspecting them. The educational material would be themed just like in school, in which themes one can find tasks for particular age groups along with the explanation. With this approach the theory is more processable through practical examples. With the diversity of tasks the attention of students is more viable, and using some kind of a rewarding system the learning process becomes more enjoyable. The software would take part in analysing the sentences, supervising the spelling based on the language and grammar rules applied by schools, alongside with the well proven language analysts. The users would also be able to specify their own sentences when it comes to analysing. Thereby not just the learning process for students would become easier, but the performance for teachers and educators, considering that the students would not only receive feedback of their knowledge in school, which only happens one or two times a week, but also during their independent learning processes which they can manage outside of school, since the application supports the correct fixation of material.


Author(s):  
N.I. Spiridonova

Introduction. In the process of bilingual education, schoolchildren must not only qualitatively master the content of the subject but also overcome language difficulties. There is a connection between speech and mathematical activities. The essence and structure of bilingual mathematical competence are based on this relationship, allowing bilingual students to effectively acquire knowledge in the conditions of national-Russian bilingualism. We have also proposed ways of forming bilingual mathematical competence focused on developing mathematical speech culture and teaching schoolchildren to use multicultural knowledge. Aim. The article aims to characterize the pedagogical conditions directed at the emergence of bilingual mathematical competence among basic school students (grades 5 to 9) within national-Russian bilingualism. Material and methods. The study relies on theoretical methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, and generalization provided by the scientific and methodological literature on the researched topic. Results and discussion. Works indicating a clear relationship between the language of instruction and the subject of Mathematics were analyzed. The need to take into account the mother tongue of schoolchildren in bilingual education was established. In addition, it was found that the degree of native and Russian language proficiency affects the mathematics achievement of bilingual students. According to the analysis, bilingual education should lead to the emergence of competencies distinguished by a high level of language proficiency and high-quality mastering of the subject. Conclusion. The concept of “bilingual mathematical competence” got a detailed description in the course of the research. This concept combines components of a school subject, languages ( native and Russian), and a component of intercultural communication. The following pedagogical components were described: 1) tasks aimed at mastering terminology, symbols, and graphic images; verbal and logical constructions of the mathematical language; written educational texts; 2) illustrated Yakut-Russian, Russian-Yakut terminological dictionary in mathematics for the 5th and 6th grades, which includes 349 terms and set phrases; 3) bilingual strategies aimed at reducing the linguistic complexity of mathematical problems (by replacing unfamiliar or rare words; changing the passive voice to active verb forms; reducing long names and indications; highlighting individual conditional sentences, or changing the order of the conditional and main sentences; replacing complex questions to simple ones; clarification of abstractions using more specific information); 4) methods and techniques of bilingual teaching of mathematics (consecutive translation, visual aids, immersion teaching, semantization); 5) tasks that contain historical, ethnocultural, and local history materials.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Afrianto ◽  
Eva Tuckyta Sari Sujatna ◽  
Nani Darmayanti ◽  
Farida Ariyani ◽  
Jessamine Cooke-Plagwitz

AbstractThis research is conducted qualitatively and aimed at patterning and describing clause and sentence structure in Lampung language through the configuration of its constituents. Regarding the constituents, Lampung has two types of clause: minor and major clauses. A minor clause is indicated by only one constituent, which is commonly a subject, predicate or adjunct. Regarding its function, it can be classified as vocative, shown by exclamation (Wuy!, Huy!); a greeting, as shown by an expression (tabikpun ngalam pukha); and an Arabic greeting (assalamualaikum). On the other hand, a major clause minimally consists of a subject and predicate, and apart from these there can also be an object, complement and adverbial. Furthermore, this research finds various categories that can act as predicative constituents: they are a verb/verbal phrase, adjective/adjective phrase, and noun/nominal phrase. Additionally, a copular verb (iyulah) and existential marker (wat) can also be the predicate. This research also reveals that in a sentence two or more clauses are connected by a conjunction, and then this conjunction becomes an indicator of dependent clauses. Also, a dependent clause can be found after the subject or the object of the independent clause.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document