Simultaneous Human-robot Matching and Routing for Multi-robot Tour Guiding under Time Uncertainty

This work presents a framework for multi-robot tour guidance in a partially known environment with uncertainty, such as a museum. In the proposed centralized multi-robot planner, a simultaneous matching and routing problem (SMRP) is formulated to match the humans with robot guides according to their selected points of interest and generate the routes and schedules for the robots according to uncertain spatial and time estimation. A large neighborhood search algorithm is developed to find sub-optimal low-cost solutions for the SMRP efficiently. The scalability and optimality of the multi-robot planner are first evaluated computationally under different environment sizes and numbers of humans and robots. Then, a photo-realistic multi-robot simulation platform was developed based on Habitat-AI to verify the tour guiding performance in an uncertain indoor environment. Results demonstrate that the proposed centralized tour planner is scalable, makes a smooth tradeoff in the plans under different environmental constraints, and can lead to robust performance with inaccurate uncertainty estimations (within a certain margin).

A Historical Review of Illegal Tour Guiding in Turkey

The tour guiding profession was much abused in the past while illegal guiding took place, and remains much the same nowadays. With the use of official documents, this paper outlines issues concerning illegal tour guiding from the past to the present. Document analysis as a qualitative research method was applied in this study. Archival research was carried out, and unpublished documents were analysed to contribute to the literature and shed light on the roots of illegal tour guiding. Archival data was combined with travel guidebooks, official reports, and court files. Despite regulations, problems concerning tour guiding continue to exist to the present day. More than ever before, illegal tour guides employed by travel agencies have become a threat to the employment of licenced guides. The number of illegal tour guides proves that current measures remain incapable of prohibiting illegal guiding activities. Touting seems to be the longstanding main motivation for illegal guides. Unethical guiding practices affect the established image of the destination country. From a historical perspective and underlining issues such as touting through unpublished archived documents and official reports, this paper contributes a detailed understanding of the defective points concerning the travel industry.

Science Museum in a Pizza Box - Performance, museum tour guiding, and science communication

<p>This study focuses on the relationship between performance and museum tour guiding. Building on the analysis of this relationship, the author of this study has created a performance that is inspired by museum guided tours. The aim of the performance is to encourage a critical reflection on the role and the function of science in contemporary society, while giving insight into how science is socially constructed. The performance is based on participation. The participants define their own experiences, actively reflecting on the value that science has in their lives through a dialogue with the other participants and the performer. This dialogue starts with exhibits based on science that are presented to the participants. To develop this performance, this research has utilised action research, and qualitative methods to explore the participants’ experiences of the performance. This study is interdisciplinary, and connects performance studies, museum studies and science communication, while using applied research to explore its topics. The outcomes of this study are an innovative conceptualisation of the museum guided tour, and an original approach to science communication based on dialogic, live performance.</p>

Science Museum in a Pizza Box - Performance, museum tour guiding, and science communication

<p>This study focuses on the relationship between performance and museum tour guiding. Building on the analysis of this relationship, the author of this study has created a performance that is inspired by museum guided tours. The aim of the performance is to encourage a critical reflection on the role and the function of science in contemporary society, while giving insight into how science is socially constructed. The performance is based on participation. The participants define their own experiences, actively reflecting on the value that science has in their lives through a dialogue with the other participants and the performer. This dialogue starts with exhibits based on science that are presented to the participants. To develop this performance, this research has utilised action research, and qualitative methods to explore the participants’ experiences of the performance. This study is interdisciplinary, and connects performance studies, museum studies and science communication, while using applied research to explore its topics. The outcomes of this study are an innovative conceptualisation of the museum guided tour, and an original approach to science communication based on dialogic, live performance.</p>

PEMBELAJARAN TOUR GUIDING: DESKRIPSI CERITA OGOH-OGOH BERBAHASA INGGRIS SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK PARIWISATA BUDAYA

<p class="Affiliasi"><em>Tour guide </em>merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang sering diberikan kepada mahasiswa yang mengambil jurusan pariwisata di sekolahnya. Mata pelajaran ini memberikan wawasan untuk dapat menjadi pramuwisata yang baik dan menjadi garda terdepan dalam pengembangan pariwisata yang baik. Menjadi pramuwisata harus memiliki wawasan yang luas dalam sektor pariwisata salah satunya pariwisata budaya. Pariwisata budaya dapat ditemukan di banyak belahan dunia, salah satunya Indonesia khususnya Bali yang memiliki banyak budaya di daerahnya masing-masing, seperti ogoh-ogoh yang menjadi destinasi tontonan menarik bagi wisatawan domestik dan mancanegara.</p><p class="Affiliasi"> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan teknik mengajar dalam mata pelajaran <em>tour guide </em>materi “Pendeskripsian cerita ogoh-ogoh” dengan tahapan pengajaran yang tepat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi serta didukung dengan penelitian kepustakaan. Dalam menentukan informan atau narasumber, teknik <em>purposive sampling </em>digunakan. Kajian ini akan membantu para pengajar untuk dapat menemukan cara membuat materi serta cara mengajarkan materi tersebut kepada para siswanya.</p> Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendeskripsian ogoh-ogoh mampu didapatkan dengan cara mencari para arsitek ogoh-ogoh tersebut dengan mewawancarai mereka untuk cerita ogoh-ogoh yang diinginkan. Dari hasil wawancara tersebut didapatkan bahwa tema yang sering digunakan adalah raksasa ataupun dewa melawan raksasa. Pendeskripsian ogoh-ogoh pun didapatkan dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi dari para arsitek tersebut. Setelah mendapatkan deskripsi tersebut yang kemudian menjadi meteri dalam mata pelajaran <em>guiding, </em>dilanjutkan dengan memberikan tahapan mengajar yang didapatkan dengan wawancara serta penelitian kepustakaan. Didapatkan bawah teknik mengajar yang tepat adalah menggunakan teknik bercerita (<em>story telling). </em>Adapun tahapan mengajar dalam bercerita ini menjadi 5 tahapan, 1) berfokus pada pencarian cerita ogoh-ogoh (materi), 2) berfokus pada kesiapan para siswa dengan memberikan pancingan yang terkait dengan materi, 3) memberikan gambaran kepada para siswa tentang cerita ogoh-ogoh tersebut dan meminta mereka berlatih dengan ekspresi mereka sendiri dalam bercerita, 4) berfokus pada bagaimana cara mereka menjadi pramuwisata dan bercerita mengenai cerita ogoh-ogoh tersebut<em>, </em>dan 5) hanya berfokus pada pemberian umpan balik dengan tujuan menambah pengetahuan yang mereka dapat sebelumnya.

Charismatic Tour-Guiding: Scale Development and Validation

Charismatic leadership has been conceptualized as a signaling process whereby a leader influences followers to achieve effective management. Although there have been many studies on charismatic leadership, no scale exists to measure tour leaders’ charismatic guiding. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable charismatic-guiding scale for tour leaders, from the perspectives of both tour leaders and tour members. Through a rigorous development process, the study’s 20-item, 4-dimensional tour leaders’ charismatic-guiding scale was proven to be valid and reliable. The novel scale may function as a tool for tour leaders to measure their charismatic guiding as well as for travel agencies in their assignment of tour leaders. This study applied charismatic leadership theory to tourism, furthering knowledge of charismatic guiding in tour leaders and establishing a foundation for future theoretical development.