Healthcare professionals’ perceptions about interprofessional teamwork: a national survey within Swedish child healthcare services

Background Globally, interprofessional teamwork is described as a key method to promote health and prevent illness in children, namely, to achieve the goals of Child Healthcare Services (CHS). However, how teamwork should be designed within CHS to achieve the goals is unclear. This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals’ perceptions about 1) taking part in interprofessional teamwork, 2) team characteristics, and 3) whether the perceptions were related to professional affiliation or workplace. Methods A national cross-sectional survey was conducted using a web-based study-specific questionnaire sent to all accessible nurses, physicians, and psychologists in Swedish CHS (n = 3552). The response rate was 31.5%. To identify possible associations, logistic regressions were conducted. Results Almost all respondents, 1096/1119 (97.9%), reported taking part in some type of interprofessional teamwork within the Swedish CHS. Among those, the most common was team-based visits (82.2%). It was perceived that performing team-based visits resulted in fulfilled goals, expertise exceeding individual team members’ competences, provision of high-quality care, and meeting children’s and families’ needs, to a greater extent, than if not performing team-based visits. Correspondingly, working as a team in parental groups was perceived as resulting in fulfilled goals, meeting the needs of children and their families, and continuity within the team to a greater extent than if not working together in a team. Professional affiliation was associated with different perceptions and types of teamwork. Family Centers were positively associated with all types of teamwork as well as continuity within the team. Conclusions Healthcare professionals’ perceptions about team characteristics were associated with professional affiliation, workplace, and type of teamwork (defined as team activities) within the CHS. Professionals within Swedish CHS, taking part in team-based visits and in interprofessional teamwork in parental groups, perceived that the team fulfilled its goals and met the needs of children and families to a greater extent than professionals not taking part in these types of teamwork. Professionals at Family Centers were more likely to work in teams in different ways. Knowledge about interprofessional teamwork for individuals and groups in Swedish CHS might also be valuable in other healthcare settings, dealing with complex needs.

PEDAGOGIA DA ALTERNÂNCIA SOB À LUZ DA TEORIA DO ATOR- REDE: O TRANSLADAR INICIAL DOS CENTROS FAMILIARES DE FORMAÇÃO POR ALTERNÂNCIA ## PEDAGOGY OF ALTERNATION UNDER THE LIGHT OF ACTOR-NETWORK THEORY: THE INITIAL TRANSLATION OF FAMILY CENTERS OF ALTERNATION TRAINING

Esse estudo trata da questão de como a Pedagogia da Alternância (PA), uma iniciativa de agricultores familiares que se iniciou na década de 1930, aparentemente sem recursos financeiros e estruturais, se consolidou de tal maneira a se espalhar para o mundo todo. Teoricamente, a lente de análise foi a Teoria do Ator-Rede (TAR). Metodologicamente, foi realizado um estudo, principalmente nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, na França, por meio de fontes documentais. A análise foi feita por meio dos conceitos de translação, conforme a TAR, procurando seguir os “rastros” deixados pelos atores nos registros e fontes analisadas. Foi possível constatar que houveram quatro estratégias que chamaram atenção na consolidação da PA ao longo das décadasque sucederam seu surgimento. A primeira estratégia diz respeito ao modo como a participação das famílias foi assegurada, os objetivos principais foram mantidos e as responsabilidades foram definidas. A segunda diz respeito aos modos como ocorreram o recrutamento de aliados. A terceira diz respeito às necessidades de resolução de controvérsias entre os aliados externos. A última estratégia identificada diz respeito às inscrições necessárias para dar sentido e validade ao método pedagógico que estava sendo transladado. A atuação dos mediadores inscreveu a PA em contínuas translações, fazendo com que a PA que começou a expandir na década de 1950 tivesse as acentuadas variações descritas, tanto com relação aos objetivos, como com relação às inscrições e mobilizações realizadas inicialmente na década de 1930.

Formation of the internal position of parent in ontogenesis

The analysis of the idea of "internal position of a parent" within the concept of the ontogeny of the sphere of the parent and the activity approach is carried out. The hypothesis of emergence of primary internal position of the parent during the pre-reproductive period, features of its contents and formation of its components according to age features of preschool children, younger school students and teenagers is discussed. Two hundred (200) children participated in the research (girls - 94, boys - 106, 85 people from 3 to 5 years, 53 persons from 8 to 9 years, 62 persons - from 15 to 17 years). As methodological tools conditions for individual doll-playing and uncut game, project and test methodic were applied. As a result of a research features of formation of IPP in ontogenesis were marked out, contents of its components and dynamics of their development were described. The obtained data can be applied in drawing up the developing, preventive and correctional programs directed to the developing of formation of the parental sphere at children in kindergartens, schools at students, in the family centers.

La alpaca suri, de la extinción a la conservación de la biodiversidad de colores y la importancia de la bioartesanía textil en el distrito de Nuñoa (Melgar-Puno)

<p>Se reflexiona la importancia de la crianza de alpacas en la región Puno, incidiendo en el proceso de extinción de las alpacas suri de color y las acciones llevadas a cabo para la recuperación de la citada raza en el distrito de Nuñoa (Melgar-Puno), mediante la implementación del proyecto “Evaluación, recuperación y conservación del germoplasma de la alpaca raza suri de color”, con el propósito de salvar de la extinción a las alpacas suri de color, por iniciativa de los criadores de alpacas del citado distrito. Se precisa que los resultados más importantes de este proyecto, se reflejan: a) en el establecimiento de centros familiares de repoblamiento y la generación de una estrategia sustentada en el criador de alpacas-artesano textil, destinada al aprovechamiento sostenible de las alpacas suri de color y su fibra; b) el incremento de capacidades textiles de las mujeres artesanas y criadoras de alpacas suri, para la transformación la fibra mediante el hilado y tejido a mano; y c) la propuesta de la bioartesanía textil por las mujeres criadoras organizadas en la Asociación de Artesanía suri Paqucha, como un nuevo enfoque sobre el proceso de elaboración de la artesanía textil en Puno, la misma que se basa en el biocomercio, que promueve la rentabilidad económica sustentada en procesos de conservación y uso sostenible de la biodiversidad con bajos impactos ambientales.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>The suri alpaca from extinction biodiversity conservation colors and the importance of bio textile crafts in the district of Nuñoa (Melgar-Puno)</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The importance of raising alpacas in the Puno region reflects, focusing on the process of extinction of suri alpacas color and the action taken for recovery of that race in the Nunoa district (Melgar-Puno) by implementing the project "Evaluation, restoration and conservation of germplasm of race color suri alpaca", with the purpose of saving from extinction the color suri alpacas initiative of alpaca farmers of that district. It states that the most important results of this project are reflected: a) in the establishment of family centers repopulation and generating a sustained by the breeder of alpacas-artisan textiles, aimed at sustainable use of suri alpacas color strategy and fiber; b) increasing capacities textile craftswomen and brooders Suri alpacas, for processing fiber spinning and weaving by hand; c) the proposed textile bio textile crafts brooders women organized by the Association of Craft Paqucha suri as a new approach to the process of development of the textile craft in Puno, the same that is based on the bio, which promotes profitability economic processes supported by conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity with low environmental impacts.</p><p> </p>

Family Centers in Rural Communities: Lessons for Policy, Planning, and Practice

Family centers have emerged as a focal point of considerable interest for those looking for alternatives to highly bureaucratic and residual approaches to child welfare programs and services. These centers are seen to incorporate the best elements of ecological and strengths-based family practice, bringing together professional and community members in a supportive, inclusive, and nonstigmatizing environment. However, much of the research on family centers is grounded in urban neighborhoods or has failed to distinguish between urban and rural contexts. This paper presents results from an exploratory study that highlighted issues relevant to the establishment and operation of family centers in rural communities. Implications for policy makers and planners, as well as rural family and child welfare practitioners, are discussed.

Early Childhood Education for the Handicapped in the 1980's: Recommendations

The author interviewed 13 specialists in early childhood education for the handicapped as to their opinions regarding and hopes for the field in the next decade. These interviews are analyzed and the results presented as a series of obtainable goals for the 1980's. The recommendations vary from suggestions for modification of training in universities and colleges to the establishment of family centers.