Continuity of rural family properties by generation transfer

Discussions concerning rural family succession have occurred more frequently due to different factors such as rural exodus, an aging rural population and loss of existing knowledge in a farm when there is none. We propose to analyze publications on succession in rural properties, highlighting its relationship with rural development. For this, the proposal of Fink (2010) was used as a framework for the systematic review of peer-reviewed journals. One can identify that succession in rural space is a complex action that occurs in different ways, and is influenced by individual issues. Moreover, in many cases, the current manager finds it difficult to understand the need to reduce and subsequently stop his/her work activities so that the successor can continue the management of the property. Moreover, succession planning is necessary in order to achieve a greater success in this process. Succession contributes to the continuity of traditional activities in the rural space, that is, food production.

The Full Mediating Role of Loneliness on the Relationship Between Social Support and Depression Among Rural Family Caregivers of Persons With Severe Mental Illness

Objective: Depression is a common and overwhelming psychiatric disorder among family caregivers of persons with severe mental illness (SMI). The interrelationships among social support, loneliness, and depression, especially among this relatively vulnerable group, are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the social support contributes to the alleviation of depression, through its effect on reducing loneliness.Methods: A survey of 256 rural family caregivers of persons with SMI was conducted between December 2017 and May 2018 in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. Social support, loneliness and depression were measured. A series of multiple linear regression models and bootstrapping procedure were performed to examine the mediating effects of loneliness on the association between social support as well as its components and depression.Results: The proportion of family caregivers of persons with SMI who reported significant depressive symptoms was 53.5%. Loneliness fully mediated the negative association between social support and depression. As to three components of social support, subjective support and objective support only had indirect associations with depression mediated by loneliness, while support utilization had both direct and indirect relationships with depression.Conclusion: The current study highlighted that social support and its three components may acted as protective factors by decreasing the feelings of loneliness, which created a beneficial effect on depression among family caregivers of persons with SMI.

EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E TERRITÓRIO: uma proposta decolonial a partir de experiências camponesas no Brasil e em Portugal

RURAL EDUCATION AND TERRITORY: a decolonial proposal based on peasant experiences in Brazil and PortugalEDUCACIÓN DEL CAMPO Y TERRITORIO: una propuesta decolonial a partir de experiencias campesinas en Brasil y PortugalRESUMOA Educação do Campo é fundamental à produção e ampliação do território camponês e tem contribuído com a (re)existência dos camponeses na luta contra o agronegócio. Este texto é baseado em duas pesquisas realizadas entre 2016 e 2019, entendidas como epistemologias do Sul que compreendem Educação do Campo, território e campesinato na contemporaneidade. O objetivo do artigo é dar visibilidade ao conhecimento nascido das lutas e experiências de resistência camponesa, ampliando o espectro epistemológico contra o capitalismo, patriarcado e colonialismo. Esta pesquisa qualitativa se fundamenta em teóricos, documentos, vivências e entrevistas com egressos e agentes das territorialidades estudadas. As interculturalidades entre as pedagogias e os territórios da (re)produção da vida dos egressos de duas Casas Familiares Rurais, do Brasil e de Portugal, e do Assentamento Fazenda Annoni, no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, são creditadas como sociologias decoloniais que validam a união de saberes ancestrais e científicos e constituem o que denominamos território epistemológico camponês.Palavras-chave: Território Epistemológico Camponês; Educação do Campo; Casa Familiar Rural; Assentamento.ABSTRACTRural Education is fundamental to the production and expansion of peasant territory. It has contributed to the (re) existence of peasants in the fight against agribusiness. This text consists of two surveys carried out between 2016 and 2019, understood as epistemologies of the South that comprise Rural Education, territory, and peasantry in contemporary times. The article's objective is to give visibility to the knowledge born from the struggles and experiences of peasant resistance, expanding the epistemological spectrum against capitalism, patriarchy, and colonialism. This qualitative research bases itself on theorists, documents, experiences, and interviews with graduates and agents of the studied territorialities. The interculturalities between the pedagogies and the territories of the (re) production of the life of the graduates of two Rural Family Houses, in Brazil and Portugal, and of the Fazenda Annoni Settlement, in the Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, are credited as decolonial sociologies. They validate the union of ancestral and scientific knowledge and constitute what we call peasant epistemological territoryKeywords: Peasant Epistemological Territory; Rural Education; Rural Family House; Settlement.RESUMENLa Educación del campo es fundamental para la producción y expansión del territorio campesino y ha contribuido a la (re) existencia de los campesinos en la lucha contra la agroindustria. Este texto se basa en dos investigaciones realizadas entre 2016 y 2019, entendidas como epistemologías del Sur que comprenden la Educación del Campo, el territorio y el campesinado en la contemporaneidad. El objetivo del artículo es dar visibilidad al conocimiento nacido de las luchas y experiencias de la resistencia campesina, ampliando el espectro epistemológico contra el capitalismo, el patriarcado y el colonialismo. Esta investigación cualitativa se basa en teóricos, documentos, experiencias y entrevistas con egresados y agentes de las territorialidades estudiadas. Las interculturalidades entre las pedagogías y los territorios de la (re) producción de la vida de los egresados de dos Casas Familiares Rurales, de Brasil y Portugal, y del Asentamiento Fazenda Annoni, en Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, son acreditadas como sociologías decoloniales que validan la unión de saberes ancestrales y científicos y constituyen lo que llamamos territorio epistemológico campesino.Palabras clave: Territorio Epistemológico Campesino; Educación Campesina; Casa Familiar Rural; Asentamiento.

'Finding beauty' in French rural prisons. How prison officers operate rurality

The literature on rural criminology and rural prisons has so far essentially focused on debunking myths about rurality and rural crimes, and on the economic and social impacts of building prisons in rural areas. Typically, such rural prisons are recent. Conversely, due to its long history, France's rural prisons have in some cases been built during the 19th century within former convents from the Middle Ages or monasteries confiscated from the church during the 1789 Revolution. Missing from this literature, therefore, is, on the one hand, a focus on historic rural prison settings and, on the other hand, attention to individuals and professionals who work there. This paper focuses on a high security prison set in a middle-ages abbey in the middle of nature. In our interviews with its prison officers (POs) we used appreciative inquiry in order to better uncover the positive dimensions of rurality. We find that rurality is used to reinforce safety and the 'right distance' with prisoners, and to better cut off from the prison environment when they finish their shift. We also find that POs are bound by strong (rural) family ties that in turn contribute to their professional identity and values, and to their feelings of safety.

The differential diagnosis of pneumonia in two patients infected by atypical pathogens

The current study presents two patients who lived in a rural family with close contact and suffered from rapidly progressive pneumonia. Chest computed tomography images and lymphocytopenia indicated the possibility of COVID-19 infection, but antibody and nucleic acid tests excluded this possibility. Negative results were obtained from corresponding tests for pneumococcal, adenovirus, fungal and legionella infection. Metagenomics analysis and subsequent antibody tests confirmed mycoplasma pneumonia. After treating with moxifloxacin, both patients recovered well and left the hospital. In terms of complicated infectious disease, consideration of atypical pathogens and medical and epidemiological history were important for differential diagnosis of COVID-19; metagenomics analysis was useful to provide direct references for diagnosis.