Case Report on: Tuberous Sclerosis

Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis is a rare hereditary disease that creates noncancerous tumours in the brain, kidneys, heart, liver, eyes, lungs, and skin. Seizures, intellectual incapacity, developmental delays, and behavioral issues are just a few of the warning symptoms. Like Skin problems, and lung and kidney problems. A hereditary mutation in one of two genes causes TSC.TSC1 and TSC2 are two distinct TSC types. The proteins hemartin and tuberin, which act as tumour suppressors and govern cell proliferation and differentiation, are produced by these genes. [1]. Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder that affects 1 in every 6,000 to 1 in every 18,000 people. It's a life-threatening condition caused by the formation of benign tumors/lesions in several organs. Tumors can affect organ growth and/or function and are frequent in the brain, heart, skin, kidneys, and lungs. The number of organs affected, as well as the size of tumours inside each organ, varies greatly. As a result, the disease's symptoms are extremely variable and unexpected [2]. Case Presentation: A 35-year old female admitted to AVBRH on date 25/11/2021 with the chief complaint of fever chills, nausea, vomiting and itching and back skin over mouth and eye surrounding area since in 10 days. History of Present Illness: Tuberous sclerosis, also known as tuberous sclerosis complex, is a rare genetic disease that causes non-cancerous (benign) tumours in the brain, skin, kidneys, heart, eyes, and lungs. A 35-yearold female admitted to hospital on date 25/11/2020 with the chief complaint was fever chills, nausea, vomiting and itching and back skin over mouth and eye surrounding area since in 4month. Interventions: The patient was treated the patient was started on Injection- Ceftriaxone, 1gm - Intravenous – BD- Antibiotic, Injection- Pan, 40mg – Intravenous- BD – Antacid, Injection- Livipril, 100mg – Intravenous- BD- Anticonvulsant, Injection- Paracetamol, 150mg – Intra muscular- SOS- Antipyretic. Conclusion: During hospital stay with the chief complaint of patient are fever chills, nausea, vomiting and itching and back skin over mouth and eye surrounding area since in 10 days. Her situation was critical, therefore she was brought to AVBR Hospital and treatment was started right away.

Formation of professional identity of persons with intellectual incapacity as a factor of their social development

Introduction. The process of professional identity formation of the population is one of the most important problems of the modern society; however, the same problem in persons with intellectual incapacity acquires special relevance due to the fact that the specificity and characteristics of their psychophysical development “leave a stamp” on their professional choice. The purpose of the research is to develop the structure and content of the process of professional identity formation in adolescents with intellectual incapacity. Materials and methods. The experimental research was carried out as based on the municipal state-funded educational institution “Yelets School No. 19” and the governmental state-funded educational institution “Yelets Specialised Boarding School” of Lipetsk region. The experiment involved 40 adolescent children with disabilities (intellectual incapacity) aged 13-16. Research methods: “Assessment of propensity to various spheres of professional activity” (L.A. Yovaysha), “Interests chart” (A.E. Golomshtok), “My future profession” (R.P. Karpilina), differential diagnostic questionnaire (A.E. Klimov), “Motives for choosing a profession” (R.V. Ovcharova), modified by the authors in accordance with the conditions of the experiment. Results. The quality analysis of the results obtained in the course of the research made it possible to characterise the level-specific structure of the explored group with intellectual incapacity (30% – average, 70% – below the average). The research revealed the ill-preparedness of the adolescents with intellectual incapacity for professional identity formation. This is expressed in lack of interest to choosing a profession, expressed by 67% of the respondents, poor awareness of the existing professional activity areas (49%), inability to assess own practical skills in professional labour that might cause their interest (70%), lack of motivation in choosing a profession and poor assessment of compliance of their health resource with the requirements of a chosen specialty (77%). Conclusion. The model of professional identity formation in adolescents with intellectual incapacity, developed by the authors, made it possible to describe the explored process as an integral structure. The introduction of the model into practical use will help to implement – in the organisational and technological aspect – the activities aimed at professional identity formation of the specified category of persons.

Parent-child relationship and family system characteristics in families of adolescents with multiple sclerosis

The incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasing in all age groups, including children and adolescents. Due to the severity and clinical presentations of the disease in children, sociopsychological aspects, including parent-child relationships (PCR), is the focus of attention.Objective: to study of the characteristics of PCR in families of children with MS.Patients and methods: Ten families of MS adolescents (a study group), and 10 families of healthy adolescents (a control group) were examined. The exclusion criteria were depression in a child and intellectual incapacity. The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, a family sociogram, and the parenting relationship questionnaire were used to assess PCR.Results and discussion. The families of children with MS showed symptoms of mild or moderate depression in the mothers; a predominantly unbalanced type of the family structure; the needs of mothers and children to change the distance with all family members equally; low self-esteem of the child and parent; the desire of the latter to cooperate with the child.Conclusion. PCR in families of children with MS requires further investigations.

The study of personal factors defining the emergence of victim behavior among teenagers with intellectual incapacity

The subject of this research is the personal factors defining the emergence of victim behavior among teenagers with intellectual incapacity. The object is the victim behavior of teenagers with intellectual incapacity. The goal consists in examination of personal factors defining the emergence of victim behavior among teenagers with intellectual incapacity, and possibilities of forecasting the behavioral type of a victim – active or passive. The authors analyze such aspects as behavioral disorders of teenagers with intellectual incapacity, heightened victimization as predisposition of teenagers with intellectual incapacity to becoming a victim of crime, or personal traits of teenagers of this category determining victim behavior. The novelty of the conducted research consists in identification of personal factors of victim behavior of teenagers with intellectual incapacity, expressed by combination of personal traits determining the behavioral type of a victim. The dominant personal factors include emotional, volitional, and behavioral. As a result of regression and correlation analysis, the author determines the direct close interrelation between the emotional and behavioral factors; direct moderate connection between volitional and behavioral factors; and reversed moderate connection between emotional and volitional factors. The acquired data allowed determining personal traits of the active and passive victims. An active victim is characterized with high level of frustration, impulsiveness and low level of self-control. A passive victim is characterized with high level of anxiety, insecurity and helplessness that form low self-esteem. Among the teenagers with intellectual incapacity such traits exceed the boundaries more often than among neurotypical age mates, which substantiates the presence of risk factors affecting their psychological security and lead to disorientation in social environment.

"This is Not Normal": Ability, Gender, and Age in the Resistance to Trumpism

Since Donald Trump's formal emergence on the national political stage in 2015, many of his detractors have argued that Trump somehow belongs outside of American presidential and political history and divorced from the structural inequalities that facilitated his rise. Taking Trump as "abnormal," as the ubiquitous slogan "This is not normal" clearly does, his critics have regularly resorted to a politics of mockery, principally of pathologization, emasculation, and infantilization—fixating on his hair, hands, weight, immaturity, and even his penis size. These criticisms thereby judge Trump against a fictive, masculine, able-bodied standard of American presidential leadership, leveraging language used to stigmatize the very groups Trump's presidency stands to harm the most. The phenomenon of Trumpism, then, appears not only in the president's demagoguery, which deems certain populations suspect and deserving of surveillance, punishment, and perhaps expulsion (or even extermination); it also reveals itself in responses to such demagoguery. The present essay analyzes the ableism implicit in criticisms of Trump's masculine deficiency, physical abnormality, intellectual incapacity, and childishness. We illuminate the stakes and consequences of these criticisms and conclude by advocating for a more inclusive counterpolitics that empowers, rather than stigmatizes, the historically dispossessed groups which will suffer most acutely under Trump's revanchist regime.

“The Reasonable (Wo)man”: Physicians, Freedom of Contract, and Women's Rights, 1870–1930

This article examines how ideals of contract freedom within the women's rights movement challenged medical and medical jurisprudence theories about women between 1870 and 1930. Throughout this period, medicine linked women's intellectual incapacity with problems rooted in their physical bodies. Doctors opined that reproductive diseases and conditions of pregnancy, childbirth, menstruation, and menopause rendered women disabled, irrational, and inherently dependent. Yet at the same moment, the elimination of the legal disability of coverture, and new laws that expanded women's property and earnings rights contributed to changing perceptions of women's public roles. Courts applied far more liberal understandings of sanity and rationality in property and contract cases, even when the legal actors were women. Seizing this opportunity, reformers made powerful arguments against doctors' ideas of women's “natural” mental weakness, pointing out that the growing rights to contract and transact illustrated women's rationalism and competency for full citizenship. Most significantly, these activists insisted that these rights indicated women's right to total bodily freedom—a concept that would become crucially important in the early birth control movement.

Risk Factors for Criminal Offending of Patients Suffered from Epilepsy

Study material: 148 male offenders with the proved diagnosis of epilepsy, stayed for inpatient forensic psychiatric evaluation.Risk factors could be relevant to clinical psychopathological (mechanisms of aggressive actions, primary syndrome, a course of the disorder) and different social and psychological factors such as social maladjustment (unemployed person, absence of the trade, not qualified physical work), poor living conditions, family disturbances with aggressive attitudes of patients in family and susceptibility to antisocial influence from others; alcohol abuse, repeated committing of criminal offences both before and after the onset of the disease, breach of a hospital regimen, particularly - a violent behavior. The syndromal description of the patient's condition has provided us with key data that allowed to make an opinion of the probability of committing a new crime and of its potential severity. Social dangerousness of patients with psychotic conditions (delirium, hallucinations, impairment of coinsciousness, paroxysmal states) could be found at the periods of psychotic manifestations. The social dangerousness of patients with negative symptoms (personality changes, dementia signs) is relatively stable. There has been a prevalence of situation driven negative and personality mechanisms such as affective control loss and intellectual incapacity. Assessing the dangerousness of the patients with positive psychotic mechanisms of an offence the content of delirious experience should be discovered as well and the place and the role of real persons who might be involved into the pathological delirious plot have to be found. Assessment of the dangerousness of positive psychotic mechanisms without delirious motivation requires to focus on stability on probability of the recurrence of the syndrome that produced this psychopathological mechanism.