The effects of 8 weeks of exercises applied to female convicts in prisons on BMI change, happiness, psychological stability, hopelessness and anxiety

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of exercise on the individual to preserve and improve the current state of both mental and physical health that women convicts need during the prison process and after release in social life. Beck Hopelessness Scale, Happiness Level Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, State Anxiety Scale, and demographic information form were used to collect the study's data. A pilates exercise test was applied to female convicts in prison in the study, and measurements were made before and after the experiment. The study was tested using the one-way analysis of variance (OneWay ANOVA) and independent single sample test (T-test). The research population consists of 16 women. Pearson Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between continuous variables. SPSS 24.0 statistical package program was used for data analysis, and the statistical significance level was accepted as 0.05. The study results showed a positive change in the scores obtained from the psychological scales applied with the pre-study anthropometric measurements of the female prisoners in the Closed Penitentiary Institution, but when the pre-test and post-test averages were compared, it was observed that there was no significant change.

Effort to Fulfill Female Convicts’ Rights to Health and Clothing at Sigli Class Iib Correctional Facility for Women

Article 14 Paragraph (1) letter d of Law Number 12 Year 1995 concerning Corrections. The right to health services and the right to adequate clothing are often neglected and have not been fully implemented properly. The purpose of this research is to find out and explain the fulfilment of the rights to health and clothing of female convicts at the Sigli Class IIB Correctional Facility for Women. This research method is an empirical juridical method by using a descriptive analysis approach. The results of the study showed that the fulfilment of the rights to health and clothing has not been implemented optimally pursuant to what is mandated by law, and Article 14 Paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 32 Year 1999 concerning Terms and Procedures for the Implementation of the Rights of Correctional Inmates. To ensure optimal health services, at least one doctor must be provided. However, in this case it is not yet available at the Sigli Class IIB Correctional Facility for Women. One of the efforts made by the correctional facility is to collaborate with the local government to check the health of correctional inmates at least 1 (one) time in 1 (one) month and it is recorded in a health card. As for clothing need, it has been given partly to female convicts, but has not been given in full due to the lack of budget given to the Sigli Correctional Facility for Women. The responsibility of the state is to finance the fulfilment of the rights that have been regulated in the law, for example in the provision of health and clothing rights in a Correctional Facility, the facility shall have at least a doctor, nurses, clinics and medicines sufficient to support health facility in the Correctional Facility or Detention Center.

THE PORTRAYAL OF FEMALE CONVICTS IN THE NEWS REPORTING OF CANING EXECUTION IN ACEH

A prior observation indicated different portrayals of male and female convicts in caning execution news on five local online media in Aceh from 2018 until 2020. This study focuses on the emerging discourse surrounded female convicts. The study aims to discover the reality concerning context, production, text consumption, and social-cultural aspects influencing the discourse production within the text. This qualitative-descriptive study analyzed data from fifteen caning execution news, in-depth interviews with seven journalists, two editors, and one member of the Alliance of Independent Journalist Banda Aceh chapter (Aliansi Jurnalis Independen/AJI Banda Aceh). This study utilized Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis as the data analysis method. The findings revealed that the female convicts dominated news about caning, especially in khalwat and ikhtilat cases. Female convicts were represented as figures who violated social and moral norms, gender stereotypes, and expectations of femininity. This discourse benefited news organizations economically and also promoted discrimination against female convicts.

Specific features of family awareness among convicted women in prisons

t. The article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of family awareness among convicted women. The subject of the article is family and family relations. The aim of the study was to determine the factors for successful adaptation in prisons and resocialization after release. Scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists, synthesis, analysis, statistical and analytical methods made the methodological basis of the research. As a result of the work carried out, the distinctive features of family awareness by female convicts serving sentences in prisons were identified, which must be taken into account when carrying out psycho-correctional measures, during the educational process in a correctional institution.

Aspects of Emotional Maturity Manifestation in Female Convicts Serving Deprivation of Liberty Sentences

This article presents theoretical and methodological basis for studying the phenomena of emotional intelligence and emotional maturity in foreign and Russian psychology including the status of research done by prison psychologists. The article also provides data of our research on determination and psychodynamics of emotional intelligence, as well as transformation of other personality characteristics in 220 female convicts at various stages of serving their sentence in penal correction colonies in five regions of Russia. The findings of the psychodiagnostics indicate insufficient levels of emotional intelligence and reveals the prison-specific subcultural manifestation of its components in the examined inmates, who at the same time possess underdeveloped compensatory personality resources. Cluster analysis made it possible to isolate the predominant types of convicted women: "emotionally impulsive" and "emotionally rigid" whose contrasting psychological characteristics must be taken into account when developing individual correctional and group-related correctional and developmental programs. In order to improve female convicts' emotional maturity, a series of measures of legal-institutional and correction- and development-related character has been substantiated.

Development of Emotional Intelligence in Convicted Women

The article notes an insufficient study of the problem of female convicts’ emotional intelligence, and briefly considers existing models of emotional intelligence. The main results of the conducted research of female convicts’ emotional intelligence taking into account the term of their stay in a correctional institution, using the developed author’s complex of psychodiagnostic methods, are presented. The paper describes a model for enhancing emotional and personal maturity, taking into account the criminalisation and personal immaturity of female convicts through the application of cognitive-behavioural, humanistic, and rational-emotive approaches. Women serving sentences in penitentiary institutions of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service in the Oryol, Moscow, and Kaluga Regions took part in an experimental study to test the adequacy and validity of the proposed model for emotional and personal maturity development and the correctional work method created on its basis. The results obtained empirically testify to a statistically significant increase in the components of emotional intelligence in the target group. On this basis, the conclusion is made about the adequacy of the proposed model and technology of work and the possibility of their practical application. This conclusion is confirmed by the information about the subsequent successful implementation of the experimentally tested psychotechnology to improve emotional and personal maturity in the activities of institutions and bodies of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service. The conclusions about the validity of the proposed model, as well as about the effectiveness and practical relevance of the created on their basis methodological tools for psychodiagnostics and psychocorrection of emotional intelligence, are made.

Prevention of Female Offender Recidivism Through Vocational Training and Socially Useful Work in the Correctional Institutions of Russia, Germany and Switzerland

Recidivism is a rather complicated social and criminal law phenomenon, a special type of crime that threatens the national security of the country. It is characterized by a considerable level of public danger. The society is seriously worried by the recidivism of former inmates. In this connection, the prevention of repeat offences is one of the key tasks of the society and the law enforcement bodies. Public attention is drawn to the prevention of recidivism among, primarily, the most vulnerable groups, including women. In the last decade we have been witnessing a worrying steady trend for recidivism among former female inmates. On the whole, crimes of women act as an indicator of the moral condition of the society, they influence underage crime and have a negative impact on families. This situation requires the development and implementation of a complex of measures and activities to prevent recidivism among female inmates. The authors examine the possibility of reducing the level of such crimes by improving the effectiveness of the work of correctional institutions in the area of vocational training and involvement of female inmates in work; they highlight the issues connected with enrolling female inmates in vocational training programs and socially useful work; they also analyze the specific features of work adaptation of this category of convicts in penitentiary institutions of other countries, specifically, in Switzerland and Germany. It should be noted that foreign penitentiary systems put an emphasis on professional development as a method of preventing repeat offences. The main goal of professional training of inmates is to help them prepare for an independent life as law-abiding citizens after release. Instilling in inmates a habit of viewing work as a basis of their lives is an important factor of their post-penitentiary adaptation. In this connection, foreign penitentiary systems develop and implement programs that prepare inmates for life after the release, which include various variants of vocational training, professional development and work placement. The authors suggest introducing some amendments to the current Russian penitentiary legislation and the practice of its enforcement in the sphere of involving female convicts in professional training and work.