An Improved Cellular Automaton Traffic Model Based on STCA Model Considering Variable Direction Lanes in I-VICS

In this paper, we propose an improved cellular automaton model for the traffic operation characteristics of variable direction lanes in an Intelligent Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation System (I-VICS). According to the proposed flow of variable oriented lane operation in the I-VICS environment, the idea for the improved model has been determined. According to an analysis of different signal states, an improved STCA model is proposed, in combination with the speed induction method of I-VICS and the variable direction lane switching strategy. In the assumed regular simulation environment, the STCA and STCA-V models are simulated under different vehicular densities. The results indicated that traffic parameters such as traffic flow and average speed of the variable direction lanes in the I-VICS environment are better than those in the conventional environment according to the operating rules of the proposed model. Moreover, lane utilization increased for the same density.

A gradient of electrophysiological novelty responses along the human hippocampal long axis.

The hippocampus is implicated in novelty detection, thought to be important for regulating entry of information into long-term memory. Whether electrophysiological responses to novelty differ along the human hippocampal long axis is currently unknown. By recording from electrodes implanted longitudinally in the hippocampus of epilepsy patients, here we show a gradual increase of theta frequency oscillatory power from anterior to posterior in response to unexpected stimuli, superimposed on novelty responses common to all long axis portions. Intracranial event-related potentials (iERPs) were larger for unexpected vs. expected stimuli and demonstrated a polarity inversion between the hippocampal head (HH) and body (HB). We observed stronger theta coherence between HH and hippocampal tail (HT) than between HB and HT, similarly for expected and unexpected stimuli. This was accompanied by theta and alpha traveling waves with surprisingly variable direction of travel characterized by a ~180 degree phase lag between hippocampal poles. Interestingly, this phase lag showed a pronounced phase offset between anterior and middle (HH-HB) hippocampal portions coinciding anatomically with a drop in theta coherence and the novelty iERP polarity inversion. Our findings indicate common response properties along the hippocampal long axis to unexpected stimuli, as well as a multifaceted, non-uniform engagement along the long axis for novelty processing.

Thermal Mode of Floor Power Plants in the Areas of Keeping Young Piglets

Agricultural enterprises include engineering systems for ensuring the vital activity of animals. The effectiveness of such systems is determined by creating the required conditions in places where animals are kept in interaction with external temperature parameters of the habitat. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in considering the physical model of the heat flows distribution in piglets' recreation areas, developing the structural diagram of the power equipment of local installations to maintain a given thermal mode. (Materials and methods) The state of the issue was studied using theoretical models for describing a comfortable thermal mode for young animals. The physical model of "animal-environment" heat transfer was presented. The article describes the boundaries of the area of heat flow change to create comfortable conditions for keeping piglets of different age groups. (Results and discussion) The contact method of heating piglets is characterized by high technological and energy efficiency. When the young animals are located on a surface heated to the required temperature, the outflow of heat from the animal's body to the floor is significantly reduced; hypothermia of vital organs is prevented. The normal vital activity of the animal is possible within a limited range of the surface temperature in their locations, the temperature factor is the key. Depending on the environmental conditions and the duration of the growing cycle, a certain level of thermal energy should be generated with a variable direction of the heat flow in the "animal-environment" thermodynamic system. (Conclusions) The article describes the necessity of developing fundamentally new technical means with a variable direction of heat flows. The article presents a structural scheme of local power equipment for maintaining a given thermal regime in the area of piglets with a variable heat flow in the "animal-environment" system. The results of the study serve as the basis for the design of operating modes of thermal power equipment, including using Peltier thermodynamic modules.

INFLUENCE OF PERIODIC MODERATE LINEAR ACCELERATIONS OF VARIABLE DIRECTION ON CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS

It was examined 19 male fencers aged 18 to 24 years , who had sports experience from 8 to 14 years and high sports qualifications in the chosen sport (masters of sports and candidates for masters of sports). Subjects had no significant differences in height and body weight. Linear horizontal accelerations were created using a movable platform with a chair, which housed the athlete. Passive movement of fencers on the platform corresponded to their usual parameters of movement on the fencing track during a sports match. It has been shown that the short-term effect of horizontal moderate accelerations of the variable direction when using the functional test (FT) led to small but statistically significant changes in heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and volumetric blood ejection rate (VER). In all subjects, the changes in these indicators after FT were as follows: heart rate decreased slightly, and SV and VER increased. FT revealed that in persons who are accustomed to moving with moderate horizontal linear accelerations of variable direction, the shortterm effect of this factor was accompanied by a tendency to decrease the minute volume of blood flow (MVB) due to decreased of heart rate. Increasing of SV and VER can be considered as an immediate compensatory response aimed at maintaining MVB. Thus, in athletes whose long-term sports activities are associated with the action on the body of periodic moderate horizontal linear accelerations of variable direction, no adaptation to the action of this specified factor is formed.

Exploit Direction Information for Remote Ship Detection

Ship detection in remote sensing has been achieving increasing significance recently. In remote sensing, ships are arbitrary oriented and the detector has to learn the object features of arbitrary orientation by rote, which demands a large amount of training data to prevent overfitting. In addition, plenty of ships have a distinct direction from the center point to the head point. However, little attention has been paid to the direction information of ships and previous studies just predict the bow directions of ships. In this paper, we propose to further exploit the ship direction information to solve the arbitrary orientation problem, including direction augmentation, direction prediction, and direction normalization. A Variable-Direction Rotated RoI Align module is designed for direction augmentation and normalization with an additional feature extraction direction as input. The direction augmentation method directly augments the features of ship RRoIs and brings great diversities to the training data set. The direction prediction introduces additional direction information for learning and helps to reduce noise. In the direction normalization method, the predicted ship directions are utilized to normalize the directions of ship features from stern to bow through the VDR RoI Align module, making the ship features present in one orientation and easier to be identified by the detector. On the L1 task of the HRSC2016 data set, the direction augmentation method and direction normalization method boost the RoI Transformer baseline from 86.2% to 90.4% and 90.6%, respectively, achieving the state-of-the-art performance.

Entire functions of bounded index in frame

We introduce a concept of entire functions having bounded index in a variable direction, i.e. in a frame. An entire function $F\colon\ \mathbb{C}^n\to \mathbb{C}$ is called a function of bounded frame index in a frame $\mathbf{b}(z)$,if~there exists $m_{0} \in\mathbb{Z}_{+}$ such that for every $m \in\mathbb{Z}_{+}$ and for all $z\in \mathbb{C}^{n}$one has $\displaystyle\frac{|{\partial^{m}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z)}|}{m!}\leq\max_{0\leq k \leq m_{0}} \frac{|{\partial^{k}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z)}|}{k!},$where $\partial^{0}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z)=F(z),$ $\partial^{1}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z)=\sum_{j=1}^n \frac{\partial F}{\partial z_j}(z)\cdot b_j(z),$ \ $\partial^{k}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z)=\partial_{\mathbf{b}(z)}(\partial^{k-1}_{\mathbf{b}(z)}F(z))$ for $k\ge 2$ and $\mathbf{b}\colon\ \mathbb{C}^n\to\mathbb{C}^n$ is a entire vector-valued function.There are investigated properties of these functions. We established analogs of propositions known for entire functions of bounded index in direction. The main idea of proof is usage the slice $\{z+t\mathbf{b}(z)\colon\ t\in\mathbb{C}\}$ for given $z\in\mathbb{C}^n.$We proved the following criterion (Theorem 1) describing local behavior of modulus $\partial_{\mathbf{b}(z)}^kF(z+t\mathbf{b}(z))$ on the circle $|t|=\eta$: {\it An entire~function$F\colon\ \mathbb{C}^n\to\mathbb{C}$ is of bounded frame index in the frame $\mathbf{b}(z)$ if and only iffor each $\eta>0$ there exist$n_{0}=n_{0}(\eta)\in \mathbb{Z}_{+}$ and $P_{1}=P_{1}(\eta)\geq 1$such that for every $z\in \mathbb{C}^{n}$ there exists $k_{0}=k_{0}(z)\in \mathbb{Z}_{+},$\$0\leq k_{0}\leq n_{0},$ for which inequality$$\max\left\{\left|{\partial_{\mathbf{b}(z)}^{k_{0}} F(z+t\mathbf{b}(z))}\right|\colon\ |t|\leq\eta \right\}\leqP_{1}\left|\partial_{\mathbf{b}(z)}^{k_{0}}{F(z)}\right|$$holds.

Analysis of Okun’s Regularity: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Economic growth, or, more precisely, GDP growth rate (Y) is the key macroeconomic indicator. Positive tendencies of GDP growth (r) mostly impact the economic welfare of the national economy. Hence, output is analysed in combination with other macroeconomic aggregates and indicators: investments, inflation, unemployment, trade exchange and the like. In the context of researching the relation between GDP trends and unemployment rate, A.M. Okun was the first to notice regularity between these variables. Okun’s law shows the direction and strength of GDP changes under the influence of (un)employment and represents functional relation between the output market and labour market. This paper aims to prove that, to a certain extent, there exists Okun’s regularity in Bosnian and Herzegovinian economy for the period of 2000-2019. The results of linear regression analysis show that there is negative correlation (R=0,451) between variables Y (output) and X (unemployment). Determination coefficient R2 = 0,204 indicates that 20,4% variations in GDP is determined by the changes in unemployment. Coefficient β in linear regression equation is negative, amounting to -0,596, which means that a change in unemployment by 1 percentile point brings about an inverse change in GDP by approximately 0,6 units. Variable direction indicates that there exists Okun’s regularity, though with significantly weaker intensity among the variables. This proves the hypothesis that there is a negative functional relation between the output market and labour market in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

DETERMINATION OF TECHNICAL-AND-ECONOMIC INDICES OF ROOT CROP CONVEYER-SEPARATOR DURING THEIR MOTION ON CURVED PATH

The results of theoretical and experimental study of the process of root crops carrying by a conveyer-separator of a three-row trailed root crop harvester whose rubber belt with rods is equipped with scrapers and has a sign-variable direction of transportation to minimize the machine length have been described in the article. Some analytical dependencies describing the impact of design and kinematic parameters of the conveyer-separator on the root crops motion pattern have been given and analysed. The results of the research including the key factors identification affecting the process of root crops transportation on the curvilinear path between the conveyer-separator members are presented in the experimental part. The theoretical and experimental studies have been compared and the boundaries of the most efficient design and kinematic parameters choice of the conveyer-separator under discussion have been suggested.