Behavioral-Based Pedestrian Modeling Approach: Formulation, Sensitivity Analysis, and Calibration

Pedestrians are among the travelers most vulnerable to collisions that are associated with high fatality and injury rates. The increasing rate of urbanization and mixed land-use construction make walking (along with other non-motorized travel) a predominant transportation mode with a wide variety of behaviors expected. Because of the inherent safety concerns seen in pedestrian transportation infrastructures, especially those with conflicting multimodal movements expected (crosswalks, transit platforms, etc.), it is important that pedestrian behavior is modeled as a risk-taking stochastic behavior that may lead to errors and thus collision formation. In previous work, the complexity and cost associated with building pedestrian models in a cognitive-based environment weighted down the construction of simulation tools that can capture pedestrian-involved collisions, including those seen in shared space environments. In this paper, a tool that will help evaluate the safety of pedestrian traffic is initiated: an extended modeling framework of pedestrian walking behavior is adopted while incorporating different physiological, physical, and decision-making elements. The focus is on operational decisions (i.e., path choices defined by longitudinal and lateral trajectories) with a pre-specified set of origins and destinations. The model relies on the prospect theory paradigm where pedestrians evaluate their acceleration and directional alternatives while considering the possibility of colliding with other “particles.” Using a genetic algorithm method, the new model is calibrated using detailed trajectory data. This model can be extended to model the interactions between a variety of different modes that are present in different mixed land-use environments.

Mutual anticipation can contribute to self-organization in human crowds

Human crowds provide paradigmatic examples of collective behavior emerging through self-organization. Understanding their dynamics is crucial to help manage mass events and daily pedestrian transportation. Although recent findings emphasized that pedestrians’ interactions are fundamentally anticipatory in nature, whether and how individual anticipation functionally benefits the group is not well understood. Here, we show the link between individual anticipation and emergent pattern formation through our experiments of lane formation, where unidirectional lanes are spontaneously formed in bidirectional pedestrian flows. Manipulating the anticipatory abilities of some of the pedestrians by distracting them visually delayed the collective pattern formation. Moreover, both the distracted pedestrians and the nondistracted ones had difficulties avoiding collisions while navigating. These results imply that avoidance maneuvers are normally a cooperative process and that mutual anticipation between pedestrians facilitates efficient pattern formation. Our findings may influence various fields, including traffic management, decision-making research, and swarm dynamics.

Analysis of Walking Accessibility of Park Green Space in Weidu District of Xuchang City Based on GIS

Taking the park green space in Weidu District of Xuchang City as the research object, the spatial service area of the park green space under the mode of pedestrian transportation is analyzed by using the grid analysis function of geographic information system (GIS). The results show that under the walking mode in the research area, only less than 1/10 of the residents can walk to the park within 10 minutes, and nearly 1/5 of the residents can enjoy the service function of urban park green space within 20 minutes. Under the walking mode of 30 minutes, the accessibility area of park green space is only 36.63%, which is mainly concentrated in the new urban area. There are many urban parks with large scale. The number of urban parks in the old urban area is small and the accessibility is relatively poor. The research results can provide theoretical basis for optimizing the spatial structure of green space in Weidu District of Xuchang City.

KENYAMANAN PEJALAN KAKI TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN TROTOAR DI JALAN BRIGJEN KATAMSO MEDAN

ABSTRAKMedan merupakan salah satu kota besar di Indonesia yang memiliki tingkat kepadatan lalu lintas yang tinggi. Tingginya kepadatan lalu lintas menimbulkan banyak permasalahan, baik dari segi ekonomi, sosial dan keamanan serta kenyamanan. Permasalahan tersebut muncul akibat dari kebijakan-kebijakan pemerintah didalam membuat peraturan sistem transportasi dan sistem lalu lintas dalam tata ruang perkotaan. Karena didalam membuat kebijakan tata ruang suatu perkotaan seharusnya mengikutsertakan seluruh pihak yang terkait, baik pihak swasta, masyarakat dan pemerintah. Disamping itu dapat juga bersumber dari perilaku manusia itu sendiri yang kurang disiplin didalam mematuhi peraturan yang ada. Secara umum, trotoar di kota Medan sebagai jalur transportasi pejalan kaki telah bergeser fungsinya menjadi fungsi yang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana trotoar yang berfungsi sebagai jalur transportasi pejalan kaki telah beralih fungsi menjadi fungsi lain. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner terhadap responden penelitian yaitu pejalan kaki. Daerah penelitian yang diambil adalah sepanjang jalur pedestrian Jalan Brigjend Katamso dimulai dari simpang Jalan Pandu – Jalan Letjen Soeprapto (simpang Waspada) hingga simpang Jalan AH. Nasution (simpang Titi Kuning) Medan. Luaran penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan publik khususnya jalur transportasi pejalan kaki dan artikel ilmiah pada Jurnal Lokal ber-ISSN. Kata Kunci : Lalu Lintas, Jalur Transportasi, Pejalan KakiABSTRACT Medan is one of the big cities in Indonesia that has a high traffic density. The high traffic density poses many problems, both in terms of economic, social and security as well as convenience. These problems arise as a result of policies. Because in making a spatial policy a place that should include all relevant parties, both private parties, communities and governments. Besides, it can also be derived from human behaviour itself is less discipline in the existing regulations. In general, sidewalks in the city of Medan as a pedestrian transport path have shifted their function into other functions.The purpose of this research to find out which sidewalks serve as pedestrian transport routes that have become other functions. The method used in completion of data through questionnaires to the research respondents ie pedestrians. The research area is taken along the pedestrian path of Jalan Brigjen Katamso starting from the intersection of Jalan Pandu - Jalan Letjen Soeprapto (intersection Waspada) to intersection of Jalan AH. Nasution (intersection of Titi Kuning) Medan. The output of this research is expected to be an input for the government in terms of honesty public specialist in pedestrian transportation and scientific articles in ISSN Local Journal.Keywords: Pedestrian Transport Routes, Safety and Comfort,Traffic

Arcology, Arcosanti and the Green Urbanism Vision

Arcosanti is a prototype city being built based on the visionary architect Paolo Soleri’s principles of Arcology which integrates architecture with ecology. Arcology proposes a compact three-dimensional urban form to provide a lean alternative to the unsustainable urban sprawl city form found in most of America. In its reduction of dependence on the automobile, reliance on pedestrian transportation, proximity to nature and proposal to have agriculture integrated into the city, Arcology is a vision of Green Urbanism. The design of Arcosanti incorporates Biophilic principles that preserve the biodiverse natural landscape, has a compact organic form, and functions with a circular metabolism that is analogous to nature when complete. Arcosanti, located in central Arizona, was begun in 1970 as an urban laboratory, and has been constructed by over 7,000 workshop volunteers over the past 45 years. Following Soleri's death in 2013, the Cosanti Foundation has established a Strategic Planning Steering Committee to help guide the continued development of Arcosanti as a prototype Arcology. The Strategic Plan will provide a framework for future organization and development. This article examines how the concept of Arcology and the development of the Arcosanti prototype encompasses principles of Green Urbanism and sustainable development.

Research on Traffic Behaviors and Psychological Characteristics of Pedestrians within the Comprehensive Hub

Traffic terminal is a spot of high density for people’s traffic activities,the pedestrian transportation in the traffic terminal can be considered as a bunching density un-sure and nonlinear stochastic dynamics problem of interaction between each individual.pedestrian,as the primary part that composed all activities in the traffic terminal,has a significant influence on traffic behaviors and psychic properties.In this paper,we proposal a series of rationalized improvement measures to relief congestion and promote pedestrian security in the traffic terminal,by analysis on travel environment and traffic behaviors properties of pedestrian and deeply studying their traffic psychic properties

Pedestrian System of Singapore and its Enlightenment

Walking, as the most fundamental trip mode of humanity, is also a trip mode with no energy consumption, no emission and good for health. With the deterioration of the environment of pedestrian transportation in China, the citizens are looking forward to building a safe, harmonious, high-quality pedestrian environment. By analyzing the successful experience in planning, design, construction, management and other aspects of pedestrian system in Singapore, the paper has summarized the beneficial enlightenment on propaganda, education, land use, planning, design, laws and regulations, which will provide reference to green transportation and living trips of citizens for the cities in developing countries.