Virtual Healthcare Center for COVID-19 Patient Detection Based on Artificial Intelligence Approaches

At the end of 2019, the infectious coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was reported for the first time in Wuhan, and, since then, it has become a public health issue in China and even worldwide. This pandemic has devastating effects on societies and economies around the world, and poor countries and continents are likely to face particularly serious and long-lasting damage, which could lead to large epidemic outbreaks because of the lack of financial and health resources. The increasing number of COVID-19 tests gives more information about the epidemic spread, and this can help contain the spread to avoid more infection. As COVID-19 keeps spreading, medical products, especially those needed to perform blood tests, will become scarce as a result of the high demand and insufficient supply and logistical means. However, technological tests based on deep learning techniques and medical images could be useful in fighting this pandemic. In this perspective, we propose a COVID-19 disease diagnosis (CDD) tool that implements a deep learning technique to provide automatic symptoms checking and COVID-19 detection. Our CDD scheme implements two main steps. First, the patient’s symptoms are checked, and the infection probability is predicted. Then, based on the infection probability, the patient’s lungs will be diagnosed by an automatic analysis of X-ray or computerized tomography (CT) images, and the presence of the infection will be accordingly confirmed or not. The numerical results prove the efficiency of the proposed scheme by achieving an accuracy value over 90% compared with the other schemes.

Crisis, work and nursing: an ethnographic narrative of the coronavirus pandemic in Primary Care in Spain

ABSTRACT Objective: to narrate the experience of facing a long economic and political crisis and the experience of the arrival process of the coronavirus pandemic in a Spanish healthcare center. Methods: this is a descriptive qualitative study with ethnographic analysis, with data collection through interviews, participant observation and field diary records. Results: the immersion in the context allowed us to identify two axes of domain: “The crisis, work in the community and the territory in Primary Care”; “The inevitability of being a nurse in facing a health crisis”. Final considerations: the narrative portrays the ethics in field research, tensions and values of nursing work in crisis situations. Nurses’ experiences are presented in narratives of dissatisfaction and difficulties, but with the support of values related to guaranteeing assistance to users and cooperation and solidarity in the collective organization of workers to face the COVID-19 crisis.

FENOMENA PERILAKU POSITIF KASUS GIZI BAIK BALITA PADA KELUARGA MISKIN DI KELURAHAN TAMBELAN SAMPIT PONTIANAK TIMUR

Toodler is an age group with rapid body growth. However, toddler is also nutritionally vulnerable group and easily suffer from nutritional disorders. Various studies related to nutrition state that, nutritional status can be caused by medical conditions, socioeconomic status of the family which includes mother's education, mother's work status, family income, household food outcome, and socio-cultural environment. Nevertheless, secondary data in working area of Tambelan Sampit’s Public Health Center, toddlers aged 0-59 months were 85% in good nutrition. This research aimed to explore, analyse, and describe the positive behaviour of housewives in form of parenting’ feeding habits, parenting’s cleaning habits and parenting’s health service with toddler’s good nutrition event from poor family in Tambelan Sampit Urban Village of Pontianak Timur District of Pontianak City. The type of this research was qualitative and the samples were 5 toddlers with good nutrition status from poor family. The samples were taken using purposive sampling, which the housewives were chosen selectively, and they must be the best housewives, would be selected as the research samples. The result showed that positive behaviour of parenting’s feeding habits for toddlers was less eating but it was done regularly, giving additional foods, and giving suplementary vitamines. Parenting’s cleaning habits involved washing hands before feeding the toddler, showering before the feeding, and taking care of the cleanliness of house and environment. While the positive behaviour of parenting’s health service was such as coming to the Integrated Healthcare Center regularly to weigh and to observe the toddler’s health every month, and if the toddler gets sick he or she must be brought to Public Health Center in order to get treatment. This research suggests to improve socialization about nutrition awareness family to increase mother’s knowledge in feeding especially for toddler. It also involves the importance sanitation and hygene, joins the Integrated Healthcare Center regularly, socializes positive behaviours of toddler’s mother from poor family which has been successfully maintained and stayed out of lack nutrition issue on toddlers by health staffs through various activities in Integrated Healthcare Center.

A clinical-statistical study on COVID-19 infection and death status at the Alshifaa Healthcare Center/ Baghdad

Background: COVID-19 is an ongoing disease that caused, and still causes, many challenges for humanity. In fact, COVID-19 death cases reached more than 4.5 million by the end of August 2021, although an improvement in the medical treatments and pharmaceutical protocols was obtained, and many vaccines were released. Objective: To, statistically, analyze the data of COVID-19 patients at Alshifaa Healthcare Center (Baghdad, Iraq). Methods: In this work, a statistical analysis was conducted on data included the total number, positive cases, and negative cases of people tested for COVID-19 at the Alshifaa Healthcare Center/Baghdad for the period 1 September – 31 December 2020. The number of people who got the test was 1080, where 424 were infected and the rest of them were not. Results: The study showed that males’ infection and death cases were higher than females by more than double, despite the population ratios of the two genders being almost equal. Furthermore, as the age of patients is older, the chance of death is higher. Death cases were lower in December than the previous three months, which could be attributed to lower infection cases compared with the previous months. Conclusions: We can conclude that the peak of infected ages was the same as the other countries. Hence, the number of checked children was low, while we have the peak around the 40s and 50s. Females’ death cases were much less than males, which could be attributed to the genetic influence and the higher responsibility that females showed than males to prevent the disease’s spreading.

Aplikasi Terapi Kognitif Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Terjadinya Kegawatdaruratan Kardiovaskuler Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Desa Kotaway Oku Selatan

ABSTRAK Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang tergolong silent killer atau penyakit yang dapat membunuh manusia secara tidak terduga. Pengetahuan tentang hipertensi dan bagaimana penatalaksanaanya serta cara pencegahan terjadinya komplikasi sangat diperlukan pasien hipertensi dalam mengontrol tekanan darahnya dengan baik. Kesadaran diri pasien hipertensi untuk melakukan perawatan diri dengan tepat dan teratur sangat penting untuk mencegah komplikasi pada penderita hipertensi. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk mengetahui pentingnya aplikasi terapi kognitif tentang perawatan hipertensi dalam pencegahan kejadian stroke di Desa Kotaway Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan. Solusi yang ditawarkan dengan memberikan Terapi Kognitif berupa pengetahuan tentang perawatan hipertensi melalui ceramah dan pendidikan kesehatan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22 Februari -12 Maret 2021 di Desa Kotaway OKU Selatan bersamaan dengan kegiatan posyandu lansia . Peserta dalam kegiatan 14 pasien hipertensi. Untuk mengukur keberhasilan terapi kognitif ini dilakukan pre dan post tes selama kegiatan berlangsung. Setelah dilakukan terapi kognitif pada pasien hipertensi, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sehingga mencegah terjadinya komplikasi pada pasien hipertensi Kata Kunci: Terapi kognitif, pencegahan dan hipertensi ABSTRACT Hypertension is a disease that is classified as a silent killer or a disease that can kill humans unexpectedly. Knowledge of hypertension, how to manage it, and how to prevent complications are needed by hypertensive patients to control their blood pressure properly. Self-awareness of hypertensive patients to carry out self-care appropriately and regularly is very important to prevent complications in people with hypertension. The purpose of this community service is to find out the importance of the application of cognitive therapy on hypertension care in preventing stroke in Kotaway Village, South Ogan Komering Ulu District. The solution offered is by providing Cognitive Therapy in the form of knowledge about hypertension care through lectures and health education. This activity was carried out February 22 – March 12, 2021, in Kotaway Village, South OKU in conjunction with elderly Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) activities. Participants in the activity were 14 hypertensive patients. To measure the success of this cognitive therapy, pre and post-tests were carried out during the activity. After doing the cognitive therapy in hypertensive patients, there is increasing in knowledge so as to prevent complications in hypertensive patients. Keywords: Cognitive therapy, prevention, hypertension

ANALYSIS OF MOTIVATION PHASE OF THE HAPA THEORY (HEALTH ACTION PROCESS APPROACH) AND INTENTION TO EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN THE SIDOSERMO PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTER, SURABAYA

ABSTRACTExclusive breastfeeding can encourage optimal growth and development, especially during the child’s critical period which spans from when the baby is born until 2 years old. The objective of this study was to analyze the motivational phase of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory with the intention of exclusive breastfeeding in the work area of the Sidosermo Primary Healthcare Center. This study was a quantitative cross-sectional study with an observational research design. The sampling technique was conducted through the systematic random sampling technique with a total sample of 32 people. The study showed that risk perception has a significant influence on the intention of exclusive breastfeeding with a significance value of 0.014 < α (0.05) and an odds ratio of 0.101. This suggests that respondents who had the right perception about exclusive breastfeeding are 0.101 times more likely to exclusively breasfeed their child than respondents who had a wrong perception. This study also showed that there was a significant influence between self-efficacy towards the intention of exclusive breastfeeding, with a significance value of 0.006 < α (0.05). Respondents who felt that they were able to give exclusive breastfeeding were 17 times more likely to provide exclusive breastfeed than those who felt they were less able. The results of this study indicated that there was an influence between the outcome expectancies with the intention of exclusive breastfeeding with a significance value of 0.004 < α (0.05) and an odds ratio of 28.8. It means that respondents who had high expectations had 28.8 times more intention to provide exclusive breastfeeding than respondents who had low expectations. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, intention, Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)

Effectiveness of Telephone Monitoring in Primary Care to Detect Pneumonia and Associated Risk Factors in Patients with SARS-CoV-2

Improved technology facilitates the acceptance of telemedicine. The aim was to analyze the effectiveness of telephone follow-up to detect severe SARS-CoV-2 cases that progressed to pneumonia. A prospective cohort study with 2-week telephone follow-up was carried out March 1 to May 4, 2020, in a primary healthcare center in Barcelona. Individuals aged ≥15 years with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 were included. Outpatients with non-severe disease were called on days 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 after diagnosis; patients with risk factors for pneumonia received daily calls through day 5 and then the regularly scheduled calls. Patients hospitalized due to pneumonia received calls on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 post-discharge. Of the 453 included patients, 435 (96%) were first attended to at a primary healthcare center. The 14-day follow-up was completed in 430 patients (99%), with 1798 calls performed. Of the 99 cases of pneumonia detected (incidence rate 20.8%), one-third appeared 7 to 10 days after onset of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms. Ten deaths due to pneumonia were recorded. Telephone follow-up by a primary healthcare center was effective to detect SARS-CoV-2 pneumonias and to monitor related complications. Thus, telephone appointments between a patient and their health care practitioner benefit both health outcomes and convenience.