Theoretical aspects of forming the economic potential of a territorial community: a synergetic approach

The article is devoted to highlighting the author’s views on the theoretical aspects of the application of a synergetic approach to the formation of the economic potential of the modern territorial community. It is established that the potential of the territorial community characterizes many opportunities for its development in terms of using the full range of its resources, features of the past, current and planned structure of its economy, geographical location and other factors. Systematic, reproductive and resource approaches to determining the content of economic potential are described. Particular attention is paid to the system approach, which allows to reveal such aspects to the interpretation of the content of economic potential as elemental, structural, functional, integral and historical. The content and elements of the economic potential of the territorial community are proposed to be considered from the point of view of its resource provision; ability to structure and readiness to carry out socio-economic transformations; formation of the market environment; level and quality of community life; areas of implementation. It is established that since the economic potential of a territorial community is a complex heterogeneous system, synergetics should be applied to its study, which allows to explain the complexity and diversity of social relations and processes occurring in the territorial community, as well as to substantiate the content and logic of its economic potential. The formation of the economic potential of the territory should take into account the systemic principles of the synergetic concept, namely: self-organization; self-reproduction; subordination; openness; resonant influence; instability; constant fluctuations; bifurcation of development; multivariate development; dynamic hierarchy; nonlinearity; interconnection, interaction and interchangeability of system elements.

Fluid-Elastic Instability of Rotated Square Array U-Tubes in Air-Water Flow

Fluid-elastic instability characteristics of a U-tube bundle were experimentally investigated in air-water two-phase flow. A total of 39 U-tubes were arranged in a rotated square array with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.633. Vibration responses of four U-tubes were measured with three-axis accelerometers. Two sets of experiments were performed to investigate the onset of fluid-elastic instability, and the damping and hydrodynamic mass of the U-tube. The experiments were performed for a void fraction of 70–95%. Fluid-elastic instability was clearly observed in an out-of-plane mode vibration. The effect of a primary side flow on the vibration of U-tube was investigated separately. The damping ratio of the present U-tube was higher than the damping ratio of the cantilever tubes in the literature. The hydrodynamic mass of the U-tube was generally in accordance with the hydrodynamic mass of the cantilever tubes in the literature. The instability constant (K) of the Connors equation was assessed with a simplified effective gap velocity, and the fluid-elastic instability constant was 8.5.

Anion Effect of Zinc Source on Chemically Deposited ZnS(O,OH) Films

The study on the anion effect of different Zn sources—Zn(CH3COO)2, ZnCl2, ZnI2, Zn(NO3)2and ZnSO4—on the chemical deposition of ZnS(O,OH) films revealed that the growth rate and composition of the ZnS(O,OH) layer depend on the instability constant (pK) value of the corresponding Zn-complex Zn(L)nin the chemical bath solution. In the region ofpKZn(NH3)2+>pKZn(L)nthe ZnS(O,OH) film's growth rate and ZnS concentration in films increased with the increasing pK value of the used Zn salt complex up to the pK value of theZn[NH3]2+complex and decreased in the region wherepKZn(NH3)2+<pKZn(L)n. The band gap values (around 3.6 eV in most cases) of deposited ZnS(O,OH) films did not depend on the Zn precursor's instability constant, the ZnS(O,OH) film from zinc nitrate containing bath has higher band gap energy (Eg= 3.8 eV). The maximum efficiency of CISSe and CZTSSe monograin layer solar cells was gained with ZnS(O,OH) buffer layer deposited from CBD solution containing Zn(CH3COO)2as Zn source, which provided the highest growth rate and ZnS concentration in the ZnS(O,OH) film on glass substrates.

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STUDY ON THE FORMATION AND ANALYTICAL APPLICATION OF THE RHODIUM (III) CHELATE WITH 2-THIOXO-4-THIAZOLIDINONE

The paper presents a spectrophotometric study of the binary system Rh(III)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone. The formation conditions and the analytical application of the formed complex for spectrophotometric determination of Rh(III) were studied. The composition of the Rh(III) chelate with this particular ligand was determined by the continuous variation method, its instability constant being Kinst = 1,61·10-8 mol2L-2.

Fluidelastic Vibration of Heat Exchanger Tube Arrays

A basic fluidelastic excitation mechanism, of a type reported in an earlier paper, causes large whirling vibrations of tubes in model arrays when the flow velocity exceeds a critical value. The critical velocity is U = βfnDmoδn/ρoD2 where β, the threshold instability constant is a function of the tube pattern and spacing. Threshold instability constants are given that were obtained from wind tunnel and water tunnel tests on multirow tube arrays in uniform cross flow. Test results are discussed that demonstrate the effects of spanwise variations in flow velocity on fluidelastic whirling for both straight tubes and U-tubes. Design methods are provided for predicting the onset of fluidelastic whirling of heat exchanger tubes on multiple supports when spanwise variations in the cross flow exist.