Numerical Study of (Au-Cu)/Water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene Glycol Hybrid Nanofluids Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Porous Plate

The purpose of the study is to investigate the (Au-Cu)/Water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluids flow and heat transfer through a linear stretching porous plate with the effects of thermal radiation, ohmic heating, and viscous dissipation. Similarity transformations technique is used to transform a governing system of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The NDSolve Mathematica program is used to solve the nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, the results are compared with the results of homotopy analysis method. The impacts of relevant physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and the Nusselt number are represented in graphical form. The key points indicate that the temperature of (Au-Cu)/water and (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluids is increased with the effects of Eckert number and magnetic field. The (Au-Cu)/Ethylene glycol hybrid nanofluid also has a greater rate of heat transfer than (Au-Cu)/Water hybrid nanofluid.

Impact of nonlinear thermal radiation on nonlinear mixed convection flow near a vertical porous plate with convective boundary condition

This study presents similarity solution for boundary layer flow near a vertical porous plate with combined effects of nonlinear density variation with temperature and nonlinear thermal radiation. To accurately predict the flow phenomenon near the porous plate, the convective boundary condition is considered at the plate surface. The two-dimensional partial differential equations are transformed to ordinary differential equations through the similarity transformation. The resulting ordinary differential equations are solved numerically in Maple software using the Runge–Kutta–Ferhlberg fourth-fifth order (RKF45) algorithm. The influence of the inherit parameters like the nonlinear thermal radiation parameter, suction/injection parameter, nonlinear Boussinesq approximation parameters, local convective heat transfer parameter, local Grashof number, and Prandtl number governing the fluid behaviour is discussed. We found that the rate of heat transfer improves with the injection and nonlinear thermal radiation parameter whereas decreases with suction, local convective heat transfer parameter and local Grashof number when air and mercury are used as the working fluids. Furthermore, with the growth in the values of local Grashof number, convective heat transfer parameter and nonlinear thermal radiation parameter and in the presence of suction/injection, the porous plate surface friction witnessed an observable growth. Suction growth plays a supportive role on the velocity curve near the porous plate but a contrary trend is seen in the free stream. The temperature distribution also decays with suction augment. Injection growth is inversely proportional to the velocity profile near the porous plate but we recorded the opposite phenomenon in the free stream.

MHD Heat and Mass Transfer Steady Flow of a Convective Fluid Through a Porous Plate in The Presence of Diffusion Thermo and Aligned Magnetic Field

In the presence of a diffusion thermal and coupled magnet field effect, this manuscript seeks continuous free convective motion by a viscous, incompressible fluid that conducts electrically past a sloping platform via a porous medium. The free flow speed may be compatible with the exponentially tiny disrupting law. Two-term harmonic and non-harmonic functions solve dimensional-less control equations analytically. Detailed graphs are used to determine the budgets for tempo, temperature, and concentration for various limit calculations. Also, the numbers of Nusselt and Sherwood are given and evaluated with the graphs. Its sketches illustrate that the velocity profiles get reduced by the increase of aligned magnetic field parameter (α) and inclined angle parameter (ξ). Temperature profile is accelerated by rising heat absorption, Dufour number and concentration distribution is decelerated by enhancing the chemical reaction and Schmidt number. Heat and mass transfer frequently occurs in chemically processed industries, distribution of temperature and moisture over agricultural fields, dispersion of fog and environment pollution and polymer production. Free convection flow of coupled heat and mass transfer occurs due to the temperature and concentration differences in the fluid as a result of driving forces. For example, in atmospheric flows, thermal convection resulting from heating of the earth by sunlight is affected differences in water vapour concentration.