scholarly journals Does stereoscopic imaging improve the memorization of medical imaging by neurosurgeons? Experience of a single institution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Schlinkmann ◽  
Rutvik Khakhar ◽  
Thomas Picht ◽  
Sophie K. Piper ◽  
Lucius S. Fekonja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Stereoscopic Imaging ◽  
Neurosurgical Patient ◽  
Anatomical Teaching ◽  
Stereoscopic Visualization ◽  
Image Assessment

AbstractStereoscopic imaging has increasingly been used in anatomical teaching and neurosurgery. The aim of our study was to analyze the potential utility of stereoscopic imaging as a tool for memorizing neurosurgical patient cases compared to conventional monoscopic visualization. A total of 16 residents and 6 consultants from the Department of Neurosurgery at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin were recruited for the study. They were divided into two equally experienced groups. A comparative analysis of both imaging modalities was conducted in which four different cases were assessed by the participants. Following the image assessment, two questionnaires, one analyzing the subjective judgment using the 5-point Likert Scale and the other assessing the memorization and anatomical accuracy, were completed by all participants. Both groups had the same median year of experience (5) and stereoacuity (≤ 75 s of arc). The analysis of the first questionnaire demonstrated significant subjective superiority of the monoscopic imaging in evaluation of the pathology (median: monoscopic: 4; stereoscopic: 3; p = 0.020) and in handling of the system (median: monoscopic: 5; stereoscopic: 2; p < 0.001). The second questionnaire showed that the anatomical characterization of the pathologies was comparable between both visualization methods. Most participants rated the stereoscopic visualization as worse compared to the monoscopic visualization, probably due to a lack of familiarity with the newer technique. Stereoscopic imaging, however, was not objectively inferior to traditional monoscopic imaging for anatomical comprehension. Further methodological developments and incorporation in routine clinical workflows will most likely enhance the usability and acceptance of stereoscopic visualization.

A very rapid in situ Kikuchi technique to determine relative crystal misorientation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 830-831
Author(s):  
J. I. Bennetch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
The Other ◽  
Kikuchi Pattern ◽  
Kikuchi Line ◽  
Line Analysis

In a recent study of the superplastic forming (SPF) behavior of certain Al-Li-X alloys, the relative misorientation between adjacent (sub)grains proved to be an important parameter. It is well established that the most accurate way to determine misorientation across boundaries is by Kikuchi line analysis. However, the SPF study required the characterization of a large number of (sub)grains in each sample to be statistically meaningful, a very time-consuming task even for comparatively rapid Kikuchi analytical techniques.In order to circumvent this problem, an alternate, even more rapid in-situ Kikuchi technique was devised, eliminating the need for the developing of negatives and any subsequent measurements on photographic plates. All that is required is a double tilt low backlash goniometer capable of tilting ± 45° in one axis and ± 30° in the other axis. The procedure is as follows. While viewing the microscope screen, one merely tilts the specimen until a standard recognizable reference Kikuchi pattern is centered, making sure, at the same time, that the focused electron beam remains on the (sub)grain in question.

Rapid Isolation of High Molecular Weight Urokinase from Native Human Urine

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Huber ◽  
Johannes Kirchheimer ◽  
Bernd R Binder
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity ◽  
Sequential Adsorption

SummaryUrokinase (UK) could be purified to apparent homogeneity starting from crude urine by sequential adsorption and elution of the enzyme to gelatine-Sepharose and agmatine-Sepharose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The purified product exhibited characteristics of the high molecular weight urokinase (HMW-UK) but did contain two distinct entities, one of which exhibited a two chain structure as reported for the HMW-UK while the other one exhibited an apparent single chain structure. The purification described is rapid and simple and results in an enzyme with probably no major alterations. Yields are high enough to obtain purified enzymes for characterization of UK from individual donors.

Characterization of urinary microbiome in patients with bladder cancer: Results from a single-institution, feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-621
Author(s):  
Juan Chipollini ◽  
Justin R. Wright ◽  
Hephzibah Nwanosike ◽  
Carole Y. Kepler ◽  
Ken Batai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Urinary Microbiome

scholarly journals Analysis of the Mechanism by Which Glucose Inhibits Maltose Induction of MAL Gene Expression in Saccharomyces

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Zhen Hu ◽  
Yingzi Yue ◽  
Hua Jiang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Peter W Sherwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glucose Repression ◽  
Protein A ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maltose Permease ◽  
Inducer Exclusion ◽  
Glucose Inhibition ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
Mal Genes

Abstract Expression of the MAL genes required for maltose fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by maltose and repressed by glucose. Maltose-inducible regulation requires maltose permease and the MAL-activator protein, a DNA-binding transcription factor encoded by MAL63 and its homologues at the other MAL loci. Previously, we showed that the Mig1 repressor mediates glucose repression of MAL gene expression. Glucose also blocks MAL-activator-mediated maltose induction through a Mig1p-independent mechanism that we refer to as glucose inhibition. Here we report the characterization of this process. Our results indicate that glucose inhibition is also Mig2p independent. Moreover, we show that neither overexpression of the MAL-activator nor elimination of inducer exclusion is sufficient to relieve glucose inhibition, suggesting that glucose acts to inhibit induction by affecting maltose sensing and/or signaling. The glucose inhibition pathway requires HXK2, REG1, and GSF1 and appears to overlap upstream with the glucose repression pathway. The likely target of glucose inhibition is Snf1 protein kinase. Evidence is presented indicating that, in addition to its role in the inactivation of Mig1p, Snf1p is required post-transcriptionally for the synthesis of maltose permease whose function is essential for maltose induction.

scholarly journals On a New Geometric Constant Related to the Euler-Lagrange Type Identity in Banach Spaces

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Yongjin Li
Keyword(s):  
Banach Spaces ◽  
Product Space ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inner Product ◽  
Equivalent Characterization ◽  
Geometric Constant ◽  
Geometric Constants

In this paper, we will introduce a new geometric constant LYJ(λ,μ,X) based on an equivalent characterization of inner product space, which was proposed by Moslehian and Rassias. We first discuss some equivalent forms of the proposed constant. Next, a characterization of uniformly non-square is given. Moreover, some sufficient conditions which imply weak normal structure are presented. Finally, we obtain some relationship between the other well-known geometric constants and LYJ(λ,μ,X). Also, this new coefficient is computed for X being concrete space.

The development of body and organ shape

BMC Zoology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansa E. Cobham ◽  
Christen K. Mirth
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Size Characterization ◽  
Organ Shape ◽  
The Many

Abstract Background Organisms show an incredibly diverse array of body and organ shapes that are both unique to their taxon and important for adapting to their environment. Achieving these specific shapes involves coordinating the many processes that transform single cells into complex organs, and regulating their growth so that they can function within a fully-formed body. Main text Conceptually, body and organ shape can be separated in two categories, although in practice these categories need not be mutually exclusive. Body shape results from the extent to which organs, or parts of organs, grow relative to each other. The patterns of relative organ size are characterized using allometry. Organ shape, on the other hand, is defined as the geometric features of an organ’s component parts excluding its size. Characterization of organ shape is frequently described by the relative position of homologous features, known as landmarks, distributed throughout the organ. These descriptions fall into the domain of geometric morphometrics. Conclusion In this review, we discuss the methods of characterizing body and organ shape, the developmental programs thought to underlie each, highlight when and how the mechanisms regulating body and organ shape might overlap, and provide our perspective on future avenues of research.

scholarly journals Development of a New Pasta Product by the Incorporation of Chestnut Flour and Bee Pollen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6617
Author(s):  
Maëlys Brochard ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Maria João Barroca ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Chestnut Flour ◽  
Cooking Yield

This work aimed at developing fortified pastas incorporating chestnut flour (25–55%) and powdered pollen (5–20%), either separately or in combination, as well as the characterization of the products obtained. To this, a physical characterization was carried out (analyzing texture and color), complemented with chemical analyses to determine the nutritional composition. Results showed that adding chestnut flour over 40% to wheat-flour pasta shortened optimum cooking time and lowered cooking yield, and the addition to pasta prepared with wheat flour and eggs maintained approximately constant the cooking yield. Additionally, the incorporation of pollen powder (up to 20%) in pasta prepared with wheat flour and water or fresh egg shortened the cooking time and cooking yield, in both fresh and dried pasta. The most suitable percentages of the new ingredients were 50% for chestnut and 10% for pollen. Comparing with the control pasta recipe (wheat flour and egg), the addition of chestnut flour (50%) or pollen powder (10%) increased stickiness, adhesiveness and the darkening of the final product (fresh or dried) but maintained the firmness of the pasta. The cooking of fresh or dried pasta enriched with both ingredients turned the pasta clearer and slightly stickier. On the other hand, the addition of chestnut flour and pollen powder in pasta formulation delivered a nutritionally balanced product with high fiber, vitamins and minerals. Overall, chestnut flour and powdered pollen represent promising ingredients for the development of functional fresh and dried pasta formulations.

scholarly journals Representing the victorious past: Chinese revolutionary TV drama between propaganda and marketization

2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372110227
Author(s):  
Yingzi Wang ◽  
Thoralf Klein
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Revolutionary History ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the changes and continuities in TV representations of Chinese Communist Party’s revolutionary history and interprets them within the broader context of China’s political, economic and cultural transformations since the 1990s. Drawing on a comparative analysis of three state-sponsored TV dramas produced between the late 1990s and mid-2010s, it traces how the state-sanctioned revolutionary narratives have changed over time in response to the Party’s propaganda imperatives on the one hand, and to the market-oriented production environment on the other. The paper argues that while recent TV productions in the new century have made increasing concessions to audience taste by adopting visually stimulating depictions and introducing fictional characters as points of identification for the audience, the revolutionary narratives were still aligned with the Party’s propaganda agenda at different times. This shows the ongoing competition between ideological and commercial interests in Chinese TV production during the era of market reforms.

scholarly journals Evaluating Latency in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems for the Smart Grid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3322
Author(s):  
Sara Alonso ◽  
Jesús Lázaro ◽  
Jaime Jiménez ◽  
Unai Bidarte ◽  
Leire Muguira
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Processing System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Timing Constraint ◽  
Time Part

Smart grid endpoints need to use two environments within a processing system (PS), one with a Linux-type operating system (OS) using the Arm Cortex-A53 cores for management tasks, and the other with a standalone execution or a real-time OS using the Arm Cortex-R5 cores. The Xen hypervisor and the OpenAMP framework allow this, but they may introduce a delay in the system, and some messages in the smart grid need a latency lower than 3 ms. In this paper, the Linux thread latencies are characterized by the Cyclictest tool. It is shown that when Xen hypervisor is used, this scenario is not suitable for the smart grid as it does not meet the 3 ms timing constraint. Then, standalone execution as the real-time part is evaluated, measuring the delay to handle an interrupt created in programmable logic (PL). The standalone application was run in A53 and R5 cores, with Xen hypervisor and OpenAMP framework. These scenarios all met the 3 ms constraint. The main contribution of the present work is the detailed characterization of each real-time execution, in order to facilitate selecting the most suitable one for each application.

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