The studies were conducted in the period from 1988 to 2017 in twelve potato farms of Novosibirsk, Kemerovo regions and Altai. The list of economically significant harmful organisms in potato agroecosystems of forest-steppe of Western Siberia and their classification according to life strategies is given. In potato agroecosystems are dominated by K (Kr) - strategies: multi-year weeds, wireworms (click beetles), Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Phoma, scab, bacterial, Ditylenchus, viral diseases (72,2 %). Population with r (rK) -strategies: one-year weeds, Colorado potato beetle, late blight and early blight (27,8 %). It is shown, that seed tubers in farms are always infected with sclerotial form of the causative agent of Rhizoctonia, in some cases up to 80 %. The proportion of tubers bacteriosis is about 2 % (up to 20 %), stem nematode in some years reached 19,5 %. Tubers affected by late blight in the region, meet after years epiphitoties the development of the disease reaching 5,8 %. It is shown that the greatest period of survival in the soil is characterized by harmful organisms with K (Kr) life cycle strategy: 5-6 years or more for certain species. Оne-year weed plants are characterized mainly by r (rK) life cycle strategy, have high seed productivity and a wide ecological niche. It was found that the stock of seeds of weed plants in the arable horizon ranges from 8,6 to 22,5 million/ha with a predominance of Amaránthus retrofléxus and Panicum miliaceum. Multi-year weeds mainly with adaptations to (Kr) -strategists form a reserve of powerful underground vegetative mass. Species with r-strategy are more adapted to the development of ground-air environment, forming a significant number of zoospores, conidia, seeds, etc. In the developed system of monitoring and forecast of harmful organisms into account their adaptation to the development of the main factors in adapting to the soil, seed material, development of ground-air environment.