Diagnostic Test Accuracy of the Beck Depression Inventory for Detecting Major Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Major depressive disorder in adolescents is closely linked to poor social, cognitive, and academic outcomes, including suicidality. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a screening tool, is one of the most widely used instruments for detecting depression; however, its diagnostic test accuracy has not yet been thoroughly examined. This study, therefore, aimed to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the BDI for detecting depression in adolescents. In August 2020, a search was conducted in the EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycArticles databases, and following a review against predefined eligibility criteria, 22 studies were finally included. The quality of the included articles was evaluated, and a hierarchical regression model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity; 73.0% (95% CI; 62.0%, 81.8%) and 80.3% (72.8%, 86.1%) in cutoff 16, respectively. The findings indicated the BDI is a reliable and useful tool to screen adolescents’ depression.

University-industry collaboration importance in innovative brazilian industrial firms: a sectorial model

This article examines empirically the university-industry collaboration (UIC) importance in innovative firms on Brazilian industry. This relation is considered an important tool for economic growth in innovation-led firms. It was used a hierarchical regression model for 25.667 innovative industrial firms in the year 2005, the innovation involves product, process, or organizational change. The Total Factor Productivity was introduced as independent variable, because it can be used in all firms as performance measure, and it was average centralized. The TFP is explained by firm’s internal capabilities, and in industry by the UIC importance. The found results are upward average (positive sign), and downward average (negative sign). The sectorial impact of UIC in the TFP is positive, but near zero. The internal capabilities present exchanged signs between the firm and the industry, only innovative labor have both signs positive. The random effects identify nine industries with upward productivity gains, 8,26 % of total Brazilian industry, and these industries are traditional, low-tech intensity, only the automotive industry is medium-technology. Twenty industries have downward productivity gains, 18,35 % of total Brazilian industry, and between them are high-technology industries, as diverse capital tools, and electronics.

Dementia Family Caregivers’ Ambivalent Feelings and Cardiovascular Risk: Longitudinal Correlates

Cross-sectional data show that caregivers’ ambivalent feelings are associated with psychological distress. The association of ambivalent feelings with caregivers’ cardiovascular risk has not been studied. For this purpose we analyzed preliminary data from the Spanish Longitudinal Caregiving Spanish Longitudinal Study (CUIDA-LONG). One-year follow-up data were available for 96 dementia family caregivers. The following variables were assessed: sociodemographics, body mass index (BMI), disruptive behaviors, ambivalence, depressive symptomatology and cardiovascular risk with the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP). A hierarchical regression model was tested. Sociodemographic variables and change over time in stressors, ambivalence and depression were entered as predictors of change in CRP. 27% of the variance in CRP was explained through the model. More time since being a caregiver, higher BMI and greater increase in ambivalence contributed significantly to an increase in CRP. Ambivalent feelings contribute significantly to the cardiovascular risk of those who care for a relative with dementia.

Does Organizational Justice Moderate The Negative Influence of Job Insecurity on Organizational Commitment?

The increasing use of contract labor has triggered job insecurity resulting in a decline in organizational commitment. It is a challenge for the management of human resources to keep the committed employees by providing good treatments, for example, by giving a sense of justice of the organization. The study aims to analyze whether organizational justice moderates the negative influence of job insecurity on organizational employee commitment. The study involves 30 students of regular2; the data are obtained by filling in a self-rating questionnaire. The data are analyzed by using hierarchical regression model by using SPSS. The results show that job insecurity affects negatively and significantly on organizational employee commitment, while organizational justice affects positively and significantly on organizational employee commitment. Organizational justice has not been proven to moderate the influence of job insecurity on organizational employee commitment. Keywords: moderation, negative influences, organisasional commitment, insecurity

The Influence of Clinical Nurses' Empathy on their Death Competence: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

BackgroundEmpathy and death competence are important competences for clinical nurses. However, there is no clear consensus about what impact empathy has on death competency. Our study aimed to understand the status of the empathy and death competence of clinical nurses in China and to explore the effect of empathy on their competence.MethodsFor a survey conducted from May–June 2021, 1415 clinical nurses were selected by convenience sampling as the research objects. The Coping with Death Scale, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy—Health Professionals and a general information questionnaire designed by the researchers were used to investigate the status of the empathy and death competence of clinical nurses. The relationship between empathy and death competence was analysed by Pearson correlation, and the influence of the empathy of clinical nurses on their death competence was analysed by a hierarchical regression model.ResultPearson correlation analysis revealed that death competence was positively correlated with each dimension of empathy. Hierarchical regression model analysis revealed that after controlling for the influence of general information, nurses' empathy had a significant influence on their death competence, and this independently explained 5.8% of the variance in death competence.ConclusionsThe death competence of the clinical nurses in this sample was moderate to low level. Emotional nursing and transposition thinking are important influencing factors of death competence. Nursing managers should improve the empathy of clinical nurses to promote their death competence.

Value-Based Payments: Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Quality Indicators Associated With Billing Expenditures

Although managed care is expanding into the intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) service system, there is little agreement about measurable and meaningful outcomes for people with IDD, including for use in value-based payments (VBP). In this study, we examined potential VBP metrics for people with IDD—relationships between quality and costs. We analyzed Basic Assurances data and long-term services and supports billing data from 68 human service organizations that supported 6,608 people with IDD. Our final hierarchical regression model predicted 66.40% of the variance of annual long-term services and supports (LTSS) billing per person. Our findings suggest quality assurance indicators can account for a significant portion of cost variance—quality metrics represent a potential for cost savings and efficient service delivery.

Researcher Perceptions of a Self-Service Online Portal to Facilitate Volunteer Recruitment into Clinical Trials

Background Recruitment of volunteers is a major challenge for clinical trials. There has been increasing development and use of Internet-based portals in recruitment for clinical research. There has been little research on researcher use and perceptions of these portals. Objectives This study evaluated researcher perceptions of use of Rally, an Internet-based portal for clinical trial volunteer recruitment. Methods A cross-sectional survey was developed and implemented to understand researcher perceptions. From theoretical models of information technology use, the survey adopted items in four domains: ease of use, usefulness, facilitating conditions, and self-efficacy. The dependent variable was researchers' behavioral intention to use Rally. The survey captured characteristics of researchers such as gender, age, and role. It was implemented using the REDCap survey tool. An email invitation followed by three reminders was sent to researchers. A hierarchical regression model was applied to assess predictors of behavioral intention. Results The survey response rate was 35.6% (152 surveys received from 427 contacted researchers). In the hierarchical regression model, facilitating conditions and self-efficacy predicted behavioral intention (F (4,94) = 6.478; p <0.001). The model explained 21.6% of the variance in behavioral intention (R-square change = 21.3%, p <0.001). Conclusion Facilitating conditions and self-efficacy predicted researchers' behavioral intention to use Rally for volunteer recruitment into clinical trials. Future research should document best practices and strategies for enhancing researcher use of online portals for volunteer recruitment.

Acculturation Stressors and Academic Adjustment among Nepalese Students in South Korean Higher Education Institutions

International students are steadily increasing in South Korean higher education institutions. How well international students are adjusted academically and the relationship between acculturation stressors and academic adjustment has not yet been determined. This study aimed to fill this research gap by examining the relationship between acculturation stressors and academic adjustment among Nepalese international students in South Korean higher education institutions. The sample of the study consisted of Nepalese students who enrolled in 36 universities in South Korea. Students’ background characteristics and acculturation stressors were selected to examine the association between acculturation stressors and academic adjustment. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression were utilized. The results from the Pearson correlation revealed the negative correlation of perceived discrimination (r = −0.23, p < 0.01), perceived hate/rejection (r = −0.18, p < 0.05), perceived fear (r = −0.24, p < 0.01), and perceived cultural shock (r = −0.17, p < 0.05) with academic adjustment. Further, the hierarchical regression model revealed that perceived fear (β = −0.220, p < 0.05) had a negative association with academic adjustment. Addressing acculturation stressors among international students is essential to facilitate a positive academic environment. Mainly, perceived fear has negatively affected students’ academic adjustment. Based on these findings, tailored programs must be developed to curtail international students’ perceived fear.

Swedish intrauterine growth reference ranges for estimated fetal weight

Fetal growth restriction is a strong risk factor for perinatal morbidity and mortality. Reliable standards are indispensable, both to assess fetal growth and to evaluate birthweight and early postnatal growth in infants born preterm. The aim of this study was to create updated Swedish reference ranges for estimated fetal weight (EFW) from gestational week 12–42. This prospective longitudinal multicentre study included 583 women without known conditions causing aberrant fetal growth. Each woman was assigned a randomly selected protocol of five ultrasound scans from gestational week 12 + 3 to 41 + 6. Hadlock’s 3rd formula was used to estimate fetal weight. A two-level hierarchical regression model was employed to calculate the expected median and variance, expressed in standard deviations and percentiles, for EFW. EFW was higher for males than females. The reference ranges were compared with the presently used Swedish, and international reference ranges. Our reference ranges had higher EFW than the presently used Swedish reference ranges from gestational week 33, and higher median, 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles from gestational week 24 compared with INTERGROWTH-21st. The new reference ranges can be used both for assessment of intrauterine fetal weight and growth, and early postnatal growth in children born preterm.

Sanctification of marriage, religious coping and marital adjustment of Iranian couples

This study examined cross-sectional links of the theistic and non-theistic sanctification of marriage and positive and negative religious coping with marital adjustment for 316 married Muslims (women = 157, men = 159) from Iran. Perceiving marriage to be a manifestation of God (i.e. theistic sanctification) and reflective of sacred qualities (i.e. non-theistic sanctification) as well as engaging in positive and negative religious/spiritual (r/s) coping strategies each uniquely contributed variance to marital adjustment, after controlling for each other and global indicators of devotion to Islam (e.g. frequency of prayer, religious pilgrimages, fasting, reciting the Quran), and demographic variables (e.g. education level). Specifically, theistic sanctification (β = .40), non-theistic sanctification (β = .29), and positive r/s coping (β = .56) were uniquely tied to higher marital adjustment whereas negative r/s coping was uniquely tied to lower marital adjustment theistic (β =-15) in a hierarchical regression model with all primary variables and controls entered. These findings replicate and extend prior findings on the perceived sanctity of marriage with US samples of predominantly Christians to Muslims living in the Middle East, and offer novel cross-cultural insights into the possible roles that sanctification of marriage and r/s coping may play for marital well-being for non-distressed married Muslims.