IDENTIFIKASI MANFAAT LIMBAH BATANG TEMBAKAU DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

Post-harvest management of tobacco commodities in East Lombok Regency is very important considering that the waste of tobacco stems, leaf stalks, seeds, and residues from the oven process still contains nicotine. Efforts need to be made to treat tobacco waste so that harmful risks can be reduced by applying the concept of environmentally friendly agriculture or an eco-farming system. Environmentally friendly agriculture is part of the implementation of sustainable agriculture, which is an agricultural movement that uses ecological principles, the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. East Lombok's local resources in the form of the availability of tobacco stem waste which is abundant, neglected, and damaging to the aesthetics of the environment requires more in-depth attention to study its benefits into various environmentally friendly products. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a library research approach. The benefits of tobacco stem waste are as follows: Tobacco stem and stem waste as bio-biket material; Tobacco stems and seeds as biodiesel; Tobacco waste extract granules against aedes aegypti larvae; Tobacco stem waste as biopesticide material; Tobacco stem waste as organic fertilizer; Tobacco stem waste as natural dye for batik and bioinsecticide tobacco stem soaking water. Keywords: Waste, Tobacco Stems, Eco-Farming and East Lombok ABSTRAK Pengelolaan pasca panen komoditas tembakau di Kabupaten Lombok Timur sangat penting dilakukan mengingat limbah batang tembakau, tangkai daun, biji, dan residu dari proses pengovenan masih mengandung nikotin. Perlu dilakukan upaya pengolahan limbah tembakau tersebut agar resiko berbahaya dapat dikurangi dengan menerapkan konsep pertanian yang ramah lingkungan atau eco-farming system. Pertanian ramah lingkungan adalah bagian dari impelementasi pertanian berkelanjutan (sustainable agriculture) yaitu gerakan pertanian yang menggunakan prinsip ekologi, studi hubungan antara organisme dan lingkungannya. Sumberdaya lokal Lombok Timur berupa tersedianya limbah batang tembakau yang melimpah, tidak terurus, dan merusak estetika lingkungan membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih mendalam untuk dikaji manfaatnya menjadi berbagai produk yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research). Manfaat limbah batang tembakau sebagai berikut: Limbah batang dan gagang (stem) tembakau sebagai bahan bio-biket; Batang dan biji tembakau sebagai biodesel; Granul ekstrak limbah tembakau terhadap larva aedes aegypti; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai bahan biopestisida; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai pupuk organik; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai pewarna alami batik dan Air rendaman batang tembakau bioinsektisida. Kata kunci: Limbah, Batang Tembakau, Eco-Farming dan Lombok Timur

Development of recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow detection assay for rapid and visual detection of Ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a serious soil-borne disease that results in severe losses to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) production in China. In this study, a novel RPA-LFD assay for the rapid visual detection of R. solanacearum was established using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral-flow dipstick (LFD). The RPA-LFD assay was performed at 37°C in 30 min without complex equipment. Targeting the sequence of the RipTALI-9 gene, we designed RPA primers (Rs-rpa-F/R) and an LF probe (Rs-LF-probe) that showed high specificity to R. solanacearum. The sensitivity of RPA-LFD assay to R. solanacearum was the same as that in conventional PCR at 1 pg genomic DNA, 102 CFU/g artificially inoculated tobacco stem, and 103 CFU/g artificially inoculated soil. The RPA-LFD assay could also detect R. solanacearum from plant and soil samples collected from naturally infested tobacco fields. These results suggest that the RPA-LFD assay developed in this study is a rapid, accurate molecular diagnostic tool with high sensitivity for the detection of R. solanacearum.

Experimental Study on Connection Strength between Tobacco Stem and Leaf

HighlightsThe connection strength between tobacco stem and leaf was obtained for ‘Zhongyan-100(CF965)’ variety.The connection strength between tobacco stem and leaf relates to the leaf growing location and maturity of the leaf.The tobacco leaf is easier to be separated from the stem with an oblique force than a vertical force.The distance between the harvesting tool and the leaf base was suggested to be less than 50 mm for the tested variety.Abstract. Harvesting of tobacco leaves is an important and basic tobacco production process. With the increase of labor costs and the development of agricultural mechanization, mechanical harvesting of tobacco leaves will inevitably replace manual harvesting. The connection strength between tobacco stem and leaf is a key mechanical parameter for tobacco harvester design. In this study, one tobacco cultivar, “Zhongyan-100(CF965)” was selected as an experimental plant. Experiments were designed and carried out by collecting mature and immature tobacco leaf samples to test the connection strength between the leaf and stem. The experimental results showed that the connection strength between tobacco stem and leaf was related to the position of the leaf on the stem and the maturity level of tobacco leaf. The connection strength obtained from the experiments was in the range of 0.64 to 2.76 MPa. The connection strength had a linear relationship with its water content. The connection strength was higher at higher moisture content or lower maturity level. Besides, experimental results indicated that the tobacco leaves were more easily detached from the stem when the oblique force was applied to the tobacco leaf. The maximum horizontal distance between the harvesting tool and the leaf base should be 50 mm to ensure the integrity of the tobacco leaf after harvesting. The results of this study could be applied to the design of tobacco harvesters. Keywords: Connection strength, Mechanization, Specialty crop, Tobacco harvesting.

Tobacco stem-derived nitrogen-containing porous carbon with highly dispersed Ni–N sites as an efficient electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction to CO

A cost-effective electrocatalyst with highly dispersed Ni–N sites was prepared by tobacco stem-derived nitrogen-containing porous carbon.