Effects of Plyometric Jump Training in Sand or Rigid Surface on Jump-Related Biomechanical Variables and Physical Fitness in Female Volleyball Players

Background: This study aims to assess the effects of 8 weeks of plyometric jump training (PJT) conducted on sand or a rigid court surface on jump-related biomechanical variables and physical fitness in female indoor volleyball players. Methods: Seventeen participants were randomly divided into a sand surface group (SsG, n = 8) and rigid surface group (RsG, n = 9). Both groups completed equal indoor volleyball training routines. Participants were assessed pre and post the 8-week PJT for jump-related biomechanical variables (countermovement jump (CMJ) RSI; drop jump (DJ) reactive strength index (RSI); spike jump (SJ) height; CMJ height; CMJ rate of force development (RFD); CMJ velocity at take-off; DJ height and CMJ peak force), 20 m linear sprint time, t test for change-of-direction sprint (CODs) time, Wingate test peak power (PP), cardiorespiratory endurance, and leg-press one-repetition maximum (1RM). Results: A two-way mixed analysis of variance (group × time) revealed that there was a significant group × time interaction between DJ height (p = 0.035) and CMJ peak force (p = 0.032) in favour of RsG and SsG, respectively. A significant interaction was also observed for cardiorespiratory endurance (p = 0.01) and 1RM (p = 0.002), both favouring the SsG. No other group × time interaction was observed. Conclusions: The type of surface used during PJT induced specific adaptations in terms of jump-related biomechanical variables and physical fitness in female indoor volleyball players. Based on the individual needs of the athletes, practitioners may prescribe one type of surface preferentially over another to maximize the benefits derived from PJT.

Influence of Structural, Electronic and Spin Properties of ND[NV] - Surface Group Conjugates on Formation of Their Biological Activity: Quantum Chemical Simulations

To estimate possible biological activity of conjugates based on nanodiamond with an NV center inside (ND[NV]), with various functional groups located on its surface, their structural, electronic, and spin properties were calculated using the PM6 method. The energy gap between HOMO and LUMO of the complex was used as a main indicator of biological activity. It has been shown that complexes with OH or H groups attached to the (111) surface are most stable in an aqueous medium. Analysis of spin density and HOMO and LUMO localization shows that complexes ND[NV] may be not just an inert carrier of a biologically active drug or means of visualizing drug delivery, but are also directly involved in the formation of the biological activity of the conjugate.

Clinical and radiological of the effects of two different implant surfaces on marginal tissues

Aim: In this study, our aim is to compare the effects of dental implants with nano laser excimer technology surface (NLE) and dental implant surfaces (MTX) with micro-roughened surface on marginal tissues with clinical and radiological data. Methodology: A total of 117 dental implants were followed clinically and radiologically. Clinically; Plaque index (silness-leöe), bleeding index in boring, pocket depth were evaluated and recorded 1 week after the insertion of the healing cap, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after the end of the prosthesis. In the same periods, periapical x-rays were taken with the Rinn Holder method and the amount of marginal bone loss was measured. The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 package program. Results: There was no loss in the implants included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of plaque index, bleeding index values (p>0,05). However, the pocket depth of the dental implant group with nano laser excimer technology surface is significantly lower than the micro-roughened surface group. There are statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of radiological marginal bone loss at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months (p<0,05). Radiological marginal bone loss values ​​of the micro-roughened surface group at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months were significantly lower compared to the same periods of the nano laser excimer technology group. Conclusion: It has been determined that the surface properties of dental implants can be effective on marginal tissues. In addition, we believe that routine checks by dentists who perform dental implant applications will increase the success of dental implants. How to cite this article: Bingül MB, Gülsün B. Clinical and radiological of the effects of two different implant surfaces on marginal tissues. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):152-9. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.23 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

EXPERIMENTAL SETTING FOR TESTING THE BOND STRENGTH BETWEEN METAL ALLOY AND PEEK

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present an experimental setting for bending strength testing of metal specimens covered with PEEK. Materials and methods: Three groups of metal specimens made of cobalt chromium alloy are produced using the lost wax technique: group 1 – specimens with a smooth metal surface; group 2 – sand blasted metal surface; group 3 - sand blasted metal surface with retention crystals. The shape and size of the specimens are designed to correspond to the retentive elements of the apparatus for micro tension and micro pressure LMT 100. PEEK is pressed over the specimens, and after thermal cycling, the bond between metal alloy and PEEK is studied using bending strength three-point micro testing. Results and discussion: The experimental setting is focused on the type of specific contact surface between the two materials. The design corresponds to the requirements of apparatus LMT 100 and allows the production of a big number of specimens. Because of the thermal regime of BioHPP pressing, it is impossible to add groups of specimens using contemporary adhesives on the metal surface. Conclusion: Created specimens allow strength investigation by three-point bending micro testing. The experimental setting provides the production of a big number of specimens with the same shape and size.

Towards Chemotactic Supramolecular Nanoparticles: From Autonomous Surface Motion Following Specific Chemical Gradients to Multivalency-Controlled Disassembly

<p>Nature designs chemotactic supramolecular structures that can selectively bind specific groups present on surfaces, autonomously scan them moving along density gradients, and react once a critical concentration is encountered. While such properties are key in many biological functions, these also offer inspirations for designing artificial systems capable of similar bioinspired autonomous behaviors. One approach is to use soft molecular units that self-assemble in aqueous solution generating nanoparticles (NPs) that display specific chemical groups on their surface, enabling for multivalent interactions with complementarily functionalized surfaces. However, a first challenge is to explore the behavior of these assemblies at sufficiently high-resolution to gain insights on the molecular factors controlling their behaviors. Here we show that, coupling coarse-grained molecular models and advanced simulation approaches, it is possible to study the (autonomous or driven) motion of self-assembled NPs on a receptor-grafted surface at submolecular resolution. As an example, we focus on self-assembled NPs composed of facially amphiphilic oligomers. We observe how tuning the multivalent interactions between the NP and the surface allows to control NP binding, its diffusion along chemical surface gradients, and ultimately, the NP reactivity at determined surface group densities. <i>In silico</i> experiments provide physical-chemical insights on key molecular features in the self-assembling units which determine the dynamic behavior and fate of the NPs on the surface: from adhesion, to diffusion, and disassembly. This offers a privileged point of view into the chemotactic properties of supramolecular assemblies, improving our knowledge on how to design new types of materials with bioinspired autonomous behaviors.</p>

Towards Chemotactic Supramolecular Nanoparticles: From Autonomous Surface Motion Following Specific Chemical Gradients to Multivalency-Controlled Disassembly

<p>Nature designs chemotactic supramolecular structures that can selectively bind specific groups present on surfaces, autonomously scan them moving along density gradients, and react once a critical concentration is encountered. While such properties are key in many biological functions, these also offer inspirations for designing artificial systems capable of similar bioinspired autonomous behaviors. One approach is to use soft molecular units that self-assemble in aqueous solution generating nanoparticles (NPs) that display specific chemical groups on their surface, enabling for multivalent interactions with complementarily functionalized surfaces. However, a first challenge is to explore the behavior of these assemblies at sufficiently high-resolution to gain insights on the molecular factors controlling their behaviors. Here we show that, coupling coarse-grained molecular models and advanced simulation approaches, it is possible to study the (autonomous or driven) motion of self-assembled NPs on a receptor-grafted surface at submolecular resolution. As an example, we focus on self-assembled NPs composed of facially amphiphilic oligomers. We observe how tuning the multivalent interactions between the NP and the surface allows to control NP binding, its diffusion along chemical surface gradients, and ultimately, the NP reactivity at determined surface group densities. <i>In silico</i> experiments provide physical-chemical insights on key molecular features in the self-assembling units which determine the dynamic behavior and fate of the NPs on the surface: from adhesion, to diffusion, and disassembly. This offers a privileged point of view into the chemotactic properties of supramolecular assemblies, improving our knowledge on how to design new types of materials with bioinspired autonomous behaviors.</p>

The features оf immunopathogenesis of sepsis and immunodiagnostics in severely burned patients

Intention. To study the possibility of predicting early burn sepsis based on the content of proinflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with extensive burns.Methodology. The study included 60 patients (of them 37 men) aged 21 to 58 years (mean age 46.8 ± 9.3 years) with extensive skin burns (Degree III burns by ICD 10 from 20 to 60 %, average 34.1 %, of the body surface). Depending on the skin area affected and the course of burn disease, the patients were divided into three groups, each of 20 patients: group 1 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 21 to 40 % of the body surface; group 2 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 41 to 60 % of the body surface; group 3 - the early burn sepsis, burn area of 20 to 60 % of the body surface. To achieve the goal of the study, all the patients underwent sequential peripheral blood sampling 24 and 72 hours after a burn injury. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFa were analyzed in the obtained samples. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS 20.0 by methods of descriptive and non-parameter statisticsResults and Discussion. The analyzed indicators statistically significantly correlated with the severity of burn injury and the likelihood of burn sepsis. Decreased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα within Days 1-3 after getting a burn suggest a relatively favorable course of burn disease. No significant positive dynamics of these laboratory parameters may indicate a high probability of developing early burn sepsis.Conclusion. Concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and, especially, TNFα in the peripheral blood make it possible to predict early burn sepsis.

Adsorptive Removal of Anionic Azo Dye New Coccine Using Silica and Silica-gel with Surface Modification by Polycation

In the present work, adsorption of anionic azo dye, new coccine (NCC) on silica and silica-gel in an aquatic environment was discovered. Effective conditions such as adsorption time, pH, the influence of dosage on NCC adsorption using strong polycation, poly-diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) modified silica (PMS) and PDADMAC modified silica-gel (PMSG) were systematically studied. The removal of NCC using PMS and PMSG were much higher than that using raw silica and silica-gel without PDADMAC in all pH ranges from 3 to 10. The adsorption of NCC onto PMS and PMSG was achieved maxima at the same conditions of contact time 30 min, pH 6. The optimum adsorbent dosages of PMS and PMSG for NCC removal were 10 and 20 mg·mL−1, respectively. Experimental results of NCC adsorption isotherms onto PMS and PMSG at different ionic strength were fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The NCC removal efficiencies using PMS and PMSG were higher than 87%, indicating that PMS and PMSG are novel and reusable adsorbents for removal of anionic dye. Based on adsorption isotherms, and surface group changes after PDADMAC modification and NCC adsorption examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we demonstrate that electrostatic interaction between positively charged adsorbents’ surfaces and negative sulfonic groups of NCC are the main driving force for anionic azo dye adsorption onto PMS and PMGS adsorbents.