scholarly journals The features оf immunopathogenesis of sepsis and immunodiagnostics in severely burned patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
E. V. Zinoviev ◽  
A. V. Dergunov ◽  
M. G. Kobiashvili ◽  
V. F. Mitreikin ◽  
K. S. Shulenin
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Early Sepsis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Microsoft Office

Intention. To study the possibility of predicting early burn sepsis based on the content of proinflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with extensive burns.Methodology. The study included 60 patients (of them 37 men) aged 21 to 58 years (mean age 46.8 ± 9.3 years) with extensive skin burns (Degree III burns by ICD 10 from 20 to 60 %, average 34.1 %, of the body surface). Depending on the skin area affected and the course of burn disease, the patients were divided into three groups, each of 20 patients: group 1 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 21 to 40 % of the body surface; group 2 - the course of burn disease without early sepsis, burn area from 41 to 60 % of the body surface; group 3 - the early burn sepsis, burn area of 20 to 60 % of the body surface. To achieve the goal of the study, all the patients underwent sequential peripheral blood sampling 24 and 72 hours after a burn injury. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFa were analyzed in the obtained samples. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS 20.0 by methods of descriptive and non-parameter statisticsResults and Discussion. The analyzed indicators statistically significantly correlated with the severity of burn injury and the likelihood of burn sepsis. Decreased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα within Days 1-3 after getting a burn suggest a relatively favorable course of burn disease. No significant positive dynamics of these laboratory parameters may indicate a high probability of developing early burn sepsis.Conclusion. Concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and, especially, TNFα in the peripheral blood make it possible to predict early burn sepsis.

Features response and course of typical pathological processes in burn disease in puberty

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Anastasia Grigorievna Vasilyeva ◽  
Evgeny Vladimirovich Zinoviev ◽  
Denis Valerievich Kostyakov
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Almost All

In response to burn injury in the body of the child in puberty naturally develop typical pathological processes, which include almost all organs and systems, leads to severe disruption of homeostasis failure of adaptive mechanisms. Burn is the most powerful stress factor that causes changes in the body that are typical of the general adaptation syndrome. The main pathogenesis and peculiarities of typical pathological processes in burn disease significantly affected are determined by the endocrine system. Produce hormones are involved not only in the starting mechanism, but also in the development of compensatory-adaptive reactions, mobilizing the body's protective properties. Thus, a feature of adolescence is that at this age the body undergoes a qualitative change to the restructuring of all systems. There are significant morphological and functional restructuring of important metabolic processes in the body organs like the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid and pancreas, characterized by high activity of metabolic processes, strengthening of cell and tissue differentiation, intensification of regenerative processes. The consequence is excessive functional activity of organs and systems at rest, associated with low and often paradoxical reactivity to external shocks, including a burn injury, which leads to a decrease in functional and adaptive capabilities of the organism adolescents. All these features to consider when choosing the strategy of surgical treatment of persons puberty, burn victims.

scholarly journals Wound process influence on formation systemic inflammatory response and early sepsis in patients with burns in acute period of burn disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 part 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
G.P. Kozinets ◽  
О.І. Оsadcha ◽  
O.M. Kovalenko ◽  
O.M. Lynnyk
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Functional Efficiency ◽  
Early Sepsis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose of the study. Determine the mechanism of influence of the wound process on the formation of early sepsis in patients with burns in the acute period of burn disease.Materials and methods. The results of the examination and treatment of 43 patients aged 16–58 years with the area of burn injury from 20% to 60% of the body surface are analyzed. Patients underwent research in the capillary zone of thermal damage to the contents of homocysteine, endothelin and nitric oxide, and the level of cytokines in the blood.Results. Ischemia in the first day after injury and subsequent reperfusion increase in the linear blood flow speed is an incentive for increased production of nitric oxide, which promotes vasodilatation and impaired tissue perfusion, the formation of ischemic centers in the burn wound and the activation of cells that produce cytokines and other inflammatory mediators.The dynamics of changes in the activity of NG (neutrophil granulocytes) in spontaneous NST-test (nitro blue tetrazolium test) indicates a high degree of functional damage of phagocytic cells. The decrease in the indexes of myeloperoxidase and PAS-positive substances in neutrophil granulocytes is a confirmation of enzymatic and energetic activity degradation. When activating Mf-residents (resident macrophages) in response to injury, cells with low functional efficiency migrate to the zone of thermal damage.The increase in the content of proinflammatory cytokines with a significant reduction of anti-inflammatory agents is found out, which leads to dysregulation of cytokine interactions. Significant secretion of IL-6 activates the cascade synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-2 and TNF in the absence of adequate inhibition by anti-inflammatory mediators leads to the generalization of systemic inflammatory response.Conclusions. It was determined that the predictors of early sepsis in patients with severe burns are: progressive decrease in the content nitric oxide degradation products with a significant increase of homocysteine and endothelin-1 content; progressive increase IL-6 level, which activates the cascade synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, TNF-Į); increase in the activity of resident macrophages and suppression of functional activity of inflammatory macrophages in relation to microbial agents; progressive myeloperoxidase decrease in neutrophil granulocytes in the capillary blood of thermal injury zone in the early stages after burn trauma.Keywords: burn, sepsis, nonspecific resistance, nitric oxide, cytokines.

Electron Microscopy of the Hypertrophic Scar

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
C. W. Kischer ◽  
H. Linares ◽  
M. Dobrkowsky ◽  
D. L. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Reticular Dermis ◽  
Severe Loss

Hypertrophic scarring frequently occurs during or after the healing of deep second degree or third degree burns or equivalent trauma to the body surface. Clinically, the scar begins as a generalized firming or hardening of the skin area with an increased reddening over that of normal skin. These conditions intensify rapidly. The scar elevates and begins contracting, sometimes resulting in serious deformities, grotesque appearance, and severe loss of function.During development of the scar the reticular dermis undergoes an unusual reconstruction. The collagen fibers first become oriented into whorl-like arrangements, which most likely develop further into discrete nodules. The etiology of the hypertrophic scar is unknown. However, since nodular formation is so characteristic for the scar an examination of the nodule itself may suggest etiologic possibilities for the scar.

scholarly journals Intestinal fatty acid binding protein as a marker of damage intestinal barrier in children with burn injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Ольга Владимировна Костина ◽  
Елена Анатольевна Галова ◽  
Владимир Израильевич Ашкинази ◽  
Ирина Геннадьевна Стрелкова
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Burn Disease

Introduction. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) can serve as one of biomarkers of the damage to the intestinal mucosa in burned children occupying a special place among the complications and causes of their death. Materials and methods. There were examined 24 children with burns from 20% to 80% of the body surface. Blood serum I-FABP and lactate levels were determined during both the acute period of burn disease and septicotoxemia. Results. In the acute period wide variations in I-FABP values (from 22.67 to 385.18 pg/ml) were demonstrated. During the septicotoxemia I-FABP level increased by an average of 1.4 times, reflecting intestinal cell damage. Children with a burn area >40% had a higher I-FABP level during all follow-up periods compared to children with a burn ≤ 40%. In the acute period there was a positive correlation between the lactate and I-FABP levels. During the septicotoxemia, despite the increase of lactatemia and I-FABP level, this relationship was absent. The maximum increase in I-FABP level was observed in patients with complications of burn disease on the part of the intestine (duodenitis, bulbitis, stress ulcers) and with the development of sepsis. Conclusion. It seems promising to further study this biomarker in order to timely diagnose increased intestinal permeability in children with thermal trauma and develop proper treatment tactics to prevent possible complications, such as intestinal erosive and ulcerative bleeding, the development of bacterial translocation, sepsis and multi-organ failure syndrome.

scholarly journals Constitutional characteristics of the body surface area in women of different somatotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
K. Sh. Sakibaev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Female Population

The aim of the study is to determine the features of the skin area in Kyrgyz women population in view of their constitutional groups and somatotypes.Material and methods. We studied the physical status of 1028 Kyrgyz women of different age groups – the juvenile age group (n=310), the 1st adulthood age group (n=310), and the 2nd adulthood age group (n=410) living in Osh and its neighborhood applying anthropometric and bioimpedance methods. Statistical data processing was performed by statistical programs Microsoft Excel and the package STATISTICA 6.0. The differences between the two compared values were determined by the Student's criterion and they were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. The performed study revealed the constitutional and somatotypological features of the skin area in the juvenile and both periods of adulthood in the female population. The body surface area is minimal in women of leptosomic group and maximum in megalosomic one. Somatotypological specificity is determined by the minimum value of this indicator in women of asthenic and stenoplastic types and by the maximum value in representatives of the euriplastic tall type. There is the tendency to increase the body skin area from the juvenile to the 2nd period of adulthood, which is typical for women of all somatotypes and constitutional groups. Conclusion. The area of the skin is one of the indicators of human physical development, which has somatotypological specificity in representatives of various constitutional groups of the studied women population. The presented materials on the constitutional and typological features of the women’s physical status in relative norm conditions can serve as one of the bases for further development of a personalized approach in clinical medicine.

The effect of hyperoxia on the hemostasiological status of severely burned patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 666-672
Author(s):  
M. V. Presnyakova ◽  
V. I. Zagrekov ◽  
O. V. Kostina ◽  
Artem Sergeevich Pushkin ◽  
V. L. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Burn Shock ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Von Willebrand

The state of the hemostasis system was studied in 9 patients of the middle age group (44 ± 9.94 years) who received thermal trauma on an area of more than 32% (49.4 ± 18.3) of the body surface, accompanied by the development of burn shock. The standard therapy for burn injury was supplemented with HBO sessions. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen was carried out in pressure chambers BLKS-307, BLKS-307/1. The state of the coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic links of the hemostasis system, as well as the viscoelastic properties of the blood, were assessed immediately before the HBO session and immediately after it. The total number of comparison pairs was 45. Under the influence of HBO therapy, there was an increase in the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII), protein C (PrS) and a decrease in the viscoelastic properties of blood (p <0.05). Positive deviations in the values of ATIII, Pr C, von Willebrand factor, APTT, prothrombin and thrombin time, fibrinogen, factor XIII, XIIa-dependent fibrinolysis, D-dimers and thromboelastography parameters were revealed. The maximum frequency of their occurrence was recorded for ATIII (95%), the minimum - for the D-dimer (62%). After HBO procedures, undesirable deviations of the hemostatic system parameters were also noted. They were chaotic, were compensated by an increase in the activity of physiological anticoagulants and were not accompanied by complications of a thrombogenic nature. Thus, conducting HBO therapy sessions in the acute period of burn disease increases the activity of physiological anticoagulants and stabilizes the viscoelastic properties of blood. There is a high frequency of occurrence of positive effects of hyperoxia on the components of the hemostasis system. The identification of its undesirable effects indicates the need to monitor the state of the hemostasis system during HBO procedures.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SKIN OF RATS 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 AND 30 DAYS AFTER BURNS OF II-III DEGREE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE FIRST 7 DAYS OF HAES-LX-5 % SOLUTION

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4(56)) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Mironov Yevheniy Viktorovych
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Positive Effect

The article presents the results of studies of histological changes in the skin of rats in different periods after burn injury (1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days) with an area of 21-23 % of the body surface of II-III degree on the background of intravenous injection of the first 7 days of HAES- LX-5 % solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg. From the 1st to the 3rd day of the experiment, it was found that the condition of the structural components of the skin was close to that of animals treated with an intravenous first 7 days of 0.9 % NaCL solution. The positive effect of HAES-LX-5 % corrective solution infusion was observed from day 7 of the study. It is revealed that the drug significantly reduces dystrophic and necrobiotic processes in the epidermis, stimulates neoangiogenesis, has an antiswelling and protective effect on the endothelium of the blood vessels.

The Role of Computer Modeling in Electrocardiography

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. van Oosterom
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Volume Conductor ◽  
Current Generator ◽  
Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽  
Source Models

AbstractThis paper introduces some levels at which the computer has been incorporated in the research into the basis of electrocardiography. The emphasis lies on the modeling of the heart as an electrical current generator and of the properties of the body as a volume conductor, both playing a major role in the shaping of the electrocardiographic waveforms recorded at the body surface. It is claimed that the Forward-Problem of electrocardiography is no longer a problem. Several source models of cardiac electrical activity are considered, one of which can be directly interpreted in terms of the underlying electrophysiology (the depolarization sequence of the ventricles). The importance of using tailored rather than textbook geometry in inverse procedures is stressed.

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF ELECTRIC BURN INJURY AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Saraswat ◽  
Ashok Yadav ◽  
Krishna Kumar Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrical Injury ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Social Burden

Background- Electric burns and injuries are the result of electric current passing through the body. Temporary or permanent damage can occur to the skin, tissues, and major organs. Methods- This prospective study was carried out on patients admitted in burn unit of department of surgery M.G. Hospital associated with Dr. S.N. Medical College Jodhpur. Records of the patients admitted from January 2018 to December 2018 were studied. Bed head tickets of the patients evaluated in detail. Results- In our study out of 113 patients maximum no. of patients were in age group of 21-30 years 44 (38.94%) followed by age group <11 years in 21 (18.58%) patients and age group of > 60 years in only 3 (2.65%).39 (34.51%) patients were farmer and 15 (13.27%) were electrician in out of 113 total patients, while 37 (32.74%) were without any occupation. 65 (57.52%) cases of high voltage (HV) electrical injury and 48 (42.48%) cases were of low voltage (LV) electrical injury. Conclusion- Morbidity leading to permanent disabilities make the person physically dependent on others. It can be prevented by educating the people about the proper handling to electric circuits & devices. Proper communication among the electricians may help in lowering such accidents. Proper rehabilitation of the handicapped person & employment to the member of the affected family may reduce the social burden caused by such electricity concerned accidents.

The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Shirazu I. ◽  
Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽  
Elvis K. Tiburu ◽  
Mensah Y. B. ◽  
Forson A.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

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