The Influence of Cognitive Load on Distractor-Response Bindings

Binding theories postulate an integration of stimulus and response features into temporary episodic traces or event files. In general, in the visual binding literature, attention is considered to be necessary to feature binding, and a higher cognitive load can lead to worse performance. On the other hand, in stimulus-response binding theories, central attention is not regarded as necessary in binding effects. A possible discrepancy between the visual feature binding findings and the findings in stimulus-response binding studies could lie in the amount of central load implemented, whereas another discrepancy was related to a specific type of process that was manipulated. In the present study, load was manipulated in three levels, such as no load, low load, and high load, and the binding effects were tested under each condition. Load was manipulated by using a secondary task, which was to be carried out simultaneously with the primary task. Additionally, the influence of targeting different working memory processes (maintenance and updating) was examined by varying the time point of the presentation of the secondary task. The results indicate that, under high load, binding effects are observed if memory contents are merely maintained, but not observed when memory contents are actively updated.

Situated Knowledge, Purity, and Moral Panic

A great deal of contemporary epistemology is driven by a kind of moral panic over the worry that there are no “pure” epistemic practices, perspectives, or standards detachable from the social situation of knowers. Kukla argues that we cannot do epistemology without fundamental, central attention to social identities, power relations, and the social institutions and structures within which epistemic practices happen. But this result is of no threat to our usable notions of objectivity, justification, and the like. The quest for purity is unnecessary. We should recognize it as a product of ideology and become comfortable with situatedness as an everyday phenomenon. Kukla ends by arguing that a proper naturalized, non-ideal epistemology—one more continuous with the empirical sciences—will treat situatedness not as something spooky or epistemologically threatening, but just as an empirical fact about our epistemic practices.

Modeling Adhesive Hysteresis

When an elastomer approaches or retracts from an adhesive indenter, the elastomer’s surface can suddenly become unstable and reshape itself quasi-discontinuously, e.g., when small-scale asperities jump into or snap out of contact. Such dynamics lead to a hysteresis between approach and retraction. In this study, we quantify numerically and analytically the ensuing unavoidable energy loss for rigid indenters with flat, Hertzian and randomly rough profiles. The range of adhesion turns out to be central, in particular during the rarely modeled approach to contact. For example, negligible traction on approach but quite noticeable adhesion for nominal plane contacts hinges on the use of short-range adhesion. Central attention is paid to the design of cohesive-zone models for the efficient simulation of dynamical processes. Our study includes a Griffith’s type analysis for the energy lost during fracture and regeneration of a flat interface. It reveals that the leading-order corrections of the energy loss are due to the finite-range adhesion scale at best, with the third root of the linear mesh size, while leading-order errors in the pull-off force disappear linearly.

Central Attention and a Dual Path Convolutional Neural Network in Real-World Tree Species Recognition

Identifying plants is not only the job of professionals, but also useful or essential for the plant lover and the general public. Although deep learning approaches for plant recognition are promising, driven by the success of convolutional neural networks (CNN), their performances are still far from the requirements of an in-field scenario. First, we propose a central attention concept that helps focus on the target instead of backgrounds in the image for tree species recognition. It could prevent model training from confused vision by establishing a dual path CNN deep learning framework, in which the central attention model combined with the CNN model based on InceptionV3 were employed to automatically extract the features. These two models were then learned together with a shared classification layer. Experimental results assessed the effectiveness of our proposed approach which outperformed each uni-path alone, and existing methods in the whole plant recognition system. Additionally, we created our own tree image database where each photo contained a wealth of information on the entire tree instead of an individual plant organ. Lastly, we developed a prototype system of an online/offline available tree species identification working on a consumer mobile platform that can identify the tree species not only by image recognition, but also detection and classification in real-time remotely.

Yellow Medicine of Nature- The future Chartbuster Protoberberine Antivirals

Emerging viral diseases are one of the principal threat towards the plants, animals and humans. Viruses are fast evolving, resulting in reduced effectiveness of existing drugs and vaccines. At this juncture, the importance of traditional medicine, as well as medicinal plant active principles, occupies central attention of researchers across the world. Protoberberine alkaloids, an essential group of isoquinoline family of alkaloids, exhibit properties were affecting the life cycle of DNA and RNA viruses. However, from this protoberberine group, only berberine alkaloid has been studied in detail for its mechanism of action. Berberine is useful both in the case of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Berberine inhibits viral life cycle by modulating NF-kB signalling, targeting viral glycoproteins and downregulation of MEK-ERK signalling. Apart from this, berberine also inhibits ACE. All protoberberine alkaloids share a characteristic protoberberine skeleton. The protoberberine containing botanicals also exhibited antiviral properties. Therefore protoberberine alkaloids and protoberberine containing botanicals are interesting to experiment in detail for their antiviral properties and mechanism of action in emerging viral diseases of plants, animals and humans.

Optimal Damping Concept Implementation for Marine Vessels’ Tracking Control

This work presents the results of studies related to the design of stabilizing feedback connections for marine vessels moving along initially given trajectories. As is known, in mathematical formalization, this question leads to a problem of tracking control synthesis for nonlinear and non-autonomous plants. To provide desirable stability and performance features of the closed-loop systems to be synthesized, it is appropriate to use an optimization approach. Unlike the known synthesis methods, which are usually used within the framework of this approach, it is proposed to implement the optimal damping concept first developed by V.I. Zubov in the early 60s of the last century. Modern interpretation of this concept allows constructing numerically effective procedures of control law synthesis taking into account its applicability in a real-time regime. Central attention is focused on the questions connected with practical adaptation of the optimal damping methods for marine control systems. The operability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are illustrated by a practical example of tracking control design.

The Pricing of European Non-Performing Real Estate Loan Portfolios

ZusammenfassungNon-performing loans (NPL), commonly referred to as loans in arrears for at least 90 days, have continuously been characterized as the top priority of the European Central Bank (ECB) and continue to attract central attention (ECB, 2018a,b). With the outbreak of the European debt crisis, the quality of banks’ assets had deteriorated in a manner that, despite robust economic recovery and a variety of regulatory efforts, NPL still today pose a threat to bank and thrift institutions. Against this backdrop, the European regulator requires banks to develop effective strategies for reducing NPL, to set up clear governance and to operate powerful work-out structures (ECB, 2017).

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PREZI DAN KAHOOT SERTA PEMBERIAN REWARD SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AKUNTANSI

Learning by implementing the conventional methods in which the teachers are considered as the learning central attention (teacher-centered learning) and books as the main learning sources is no longer relevant. Since the most students now become more familiar with the development of technology, the teachers are also required to adapt with the technology-based learning. This classroom action research (CAR) was conducted in three cycles (pre-cycle, cycle-1, and cycle-2). The stages and activities made in cycle-1 were similar with those made in cycle-2. The different was only related to development and completion made in cycle-2 due to the weaknesses found in cycle-1. This research aims at revealing the impact of Prezi & Kahoot media and reward’s giving utilized as the learning strategies on the improvement of learning achievements made by the XI Ak 3 students of SMKN-2 Madiun in the academic year of 2018/2019. It is concluded that the utilization of Prezi & Kahoot media and reward’s giving can improve the student’ cognitive learning achievements up to 84%. It means that these learning achievements are already above the Minimum Mastery Criteria (75%) set by the school. ABSTRAK: Pembelajaran menerapkan metode konvensional, guru sebagai pusat pembelajaran (teacher-centered learning), dengan menggunakan buku sebagai sumber belajar dinilai sudah kurang relevan sekarang ini. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa sudah semakin akrab dengan perkembangan teknologi yang ada sehingga guru juga dituntut untuk dapat beradaptasi dan mengadopsi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang berlangsung 3 siklus (pra siklus, siklus-1, dan siklus-2). Tahapan dan kegiatan yang dilakukan pada siklus-1 adalah sama dengan yang dilakukan pada siklus-2. Perbedaannya terletak pada perbaikan dan penyempurnaan pada siklus-2 yang didasarkan atas kekurangan/kelemahan pada siklus-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan media Prezi dan Kahoot serta pemberian reward sebagai sarana pembelajaran terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI Ak 3 SMKN-2 Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Simpulan penelitian adalah bahwa penggunaan media Prezi dan Kahoot serta pemberian reward dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa sampai 84%. Capaian ini berarti berada di atas Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang ditetapkan sekolah sebesar 75%.