COMPARATIVE STUDY OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROSPECTIVE CLONES OF VARIETY MUSKAT BELIY

The results of studying of agrobiological and technological features of promising clones of the Muscat beliy variety in the conditions of the South Coast of Crimea are presented. The numerical values of the main agrobiological characteristics of the variety and clones of the Muscat Beliy grapevine variety, as well as the main physicochemical indicators of grapes and wine materials obtained from them, have been established. The organoleptic characteristics of wine materials from clones of the Muscat Beliy variety, harvest 2019 and 2020, were studied and summarized. The expediency of introduc-ing the isolated clones of the Muscat Beliy va-riety into the wine-making production of the Southern Coast of Crimea has been substanti-ated.

MONITORING OF THE FERMENTATION PROCESS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF WINE

A classical approach to monitoring the fer-mentation of grape must based on the use of the areometric method is considered. Based on the processing of the data of measuring the refractive index and density of grape must, as well as data on the physicochemical composi-tion of grape must during fermentation, meth-odological approaches have been developed to create methods for monitoring the composi-tion of the fermenting must using refractomet-ric and refractodensimetric methods of analy-sis. The results of the work can become the basis for the development of a non-destructive express method for determining the volume fraction of ethyl alcohol and the mass concentration of sugars in fermenting must based on the standard equipment of the laboratory of wine-making enterprises, and for the improvement of technical specifications for the manufacture of a portable device for determining the concentration of alcohol and sugar content, based on the simultaneous measuring the refractive index and density of liquid media.

POWDERY MILDEW DISTRIBUTION ON VINE OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DON AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION

Information on the prevalence and harmfulness of oidium on grapevine plants of various varieties in the conditions of the Don ampelographic collection is presented. It was found that the corresponding meteorological conditions in 2019, 2020: moderate air temperature and high humidity in the spring months, as well as in July, the presence of foci of infection on the ampelocollection contributed to the epiphytotic development of oidium. The first signs of the pathogen were detected at the end of flowering - beginning of berry growth. During the growing season, despite the protective treatments against powdery mildew, the degree of pathogenic lesion exceeding 3.5 points was observed in 2019 in 88% of the studied varieties, in 2020 - in 20% of the varieties. The smallest degree of mildew infection (up to 1.5 points) in 2020 was noted in the varieties Tavrosi, Kumshatskiy beliy, Kumshatskiy cherniy.

STUDY OF GRAPEVINE VARIETIES AT THE COLLECTION IN THE LOWER DON REGION IN STANITSA BESSERGENEVSKAYA

The paper presents the results of the study (2016–2020) of five grapevine varieties under the code name Bessergenevsky at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Rostov re-gion). In 1949, when examining the varietal composition of old grapevine plantations (in the village of Bessergenevskaya Rostov re-gion), grapevine varieties were discovered and called Bessergenevskie. Among them, some varieties turned out to be promising. As con-trols, we used classic varieties – for white ber-ry – Riesling Reinskiy, for varieties with col-ored berries – Cabernet Sauvignon. The per-centage of blossoming eyes in most of the studied varieties was higher than in the control ones (except for varieties – Bessergenevsky No. 7 and Bessergenevsky No. 3). The per-centage of fruiting shoots and the coefficient of fruiting in all studied varieties were lower than in the control ones. The average bunch weight varied from 84 g in the control variety Risling Reinskiy to 346 g in the Bessergenev-sky variety No. 7. In terms of yield (as well as the average bunch weight), all varieties (except for Bessergenevsky No. 5) exceeded the con-trol ones. For a more complete characterization of the studied varieties, auvological assess-ment was made. Samples of wine materials were prepared from the studied varieties ac-cording to the classical technologies for the preparation of white and red table dry wines. The highest degustation marks (8.8 points) were obtained for the control varieties; from the studied varieties, a sample – Bessergenev-sky No. 10, was pointed out, which received an estimate of 8.6 points. On the basis of the research among five grape varieties according to a complex of economically valuable traits, a medium-late wine white-berry variety Bes-sergenevsky No. 10 was distinguished, from which good quality dry table wines of a pale straw color, with a delicate harmonious aroma of field herbs and light floral tones are ob-tained.

SELECTION OF THE REGION AND GRAPES VARIETIES FOR PRODUCTION OF DIETARY RED JUICE

The paper presents the analysis results of the vineyard and grape varieties for the production of juice with an advanced content of biologi-cally active substances. The grape varieties were analyzed from the perspective of the op-timal growing region, the requirements of cli-matic and growing conditions. The chemical composition of grapes and must from black grapes were analyzed. The importance of using juices in the diet due to the content of biologi-cally active substances, valuable for the human body was argued.

INFLUENCE OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON DEVELOPMENT OF OWN-ROOTED SEEDLINGS IN NURSERY

The purpose of the research was to identify growth stimulators that promote the activa-tion of growth processes and root formation, to improve the technology of growing high-quality own-rooted grape seedlings from shortened three-eyed cuttings. The influence of physiologically active substances (PAS): Epin, Silk, Kornevin, Nikfan, Kavkaz on sur-vival, activation of growth processes, root formation of shortened cuttings of Bianca grapes was determined. As a result of pro-cessing cuttings with PAS, the survival rate of cuttings in the nursery increased by 10.6–19.1 % relative to the control. The yield of seedlings of the variety in the experimental variants exceeded the control indicators by 2.8–18.4 %. The effect of preparations on plant growth was noted, the increase in one-year growth in the variants varied from 5.8 to 18.0 cm relative to the control. When the ba-sal part of the cuttings was briefly immersed in a 0.01 % solution of Nikfan, the growth length was 78.1 cm, when soaked in a 0.1 % solution of Kornevin – 76.8 cm, in a 0.1 % solution of Silk –75.5 cm, in the control this indicator was 60.1 cm. The positive effect of growth stimulants on the development of the root system has been established. The indica-tor of the average number of roots per own-rooted seedling for the variants varied from 10.5 to 12.5 pcs., in the control variant – 10.7 pcs. According to the complex of indi-cators, a variant with the treatment of the ba-sal part of the cuttings for 24 hours with the preparation Kornevin-0.1% was identified.

GRAPEVINE VARIETY AUGUSTA BRED BY ARRIV&W – BRANCH OF FRARC FOR HIGH QUALITY WINE

The paper presents the technological study of red wine variety Augusta bred in Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking. The research was carried out in the laboratory of winemaking technology in the conditions of micro-winemaking and semi-reproduction. The mass of one batch of grapes was 50–350 kg. Samples of natural dry, semi-sweet and liqueur wines were pre-pared. The main physical and chemical pa-rameters of wort and wine are determined. All of them corresponded to the Standard indicators. The organoleptic evaluation of wine materials showed that all the samples (dry, semi-sweet and liqueur) were distin-guished by a dark ruby color, had a bright, complex aroma, with tones of berries, and light shades of tea rose, and the high organo-leptic properties of the wines were increased when using bottle holding. According to the results of the research, conclusions were made about the feasibility of using the technical grade Augusta for the preparation of various types of wines (dry, semi-sweet and liqueur).

REGENERATION OF MICRO CUTTINS WITH DIFFERENT SIZE AND ORIENTATION IN TEST TUBE

The article is devoted to the optimization of one of the factors influencing the success of micropropagation – the choice of the optimal size of the explant and the method of its expo-sure in a test tube. Many studies have con-firmed that the size of the micro cuttings and its orientation during planting can affect the speed of growth processes and the survival rate of plants. The experiment was set on the Fio-letoviy Ranniy grape variety. The best size of the micro cuttings and the method of its orien-tation in the test tube are established.

LIQUOR WINE MADE FROM INTRODUCED GRAPEVINE VARIETIES IN A CLIMATE OF LOWER DON REGION

The results of technological studies of intro-duced wine grape varieties growing on the ampelographic collection of the Institute are shown: Barhatny, Viorica, Golubok, Megra-buer, which are characterized by high sugar accumulation. Liqueur wines were prepared according to the classical technology and the main physical and chemical parameters of the wort and wine were determined. The research was carried out in the laboratory of winemak-ing technology in the conditions of micro-wine production. The weight of one batch of grapes was 10–25 kg. Wine distillate was used as an alcoholic agent. To preserve and enhance the varietal aroma of grapes, the technology of fractional alcoholization was used. As a result of the organoleptic characteristics of liqueur wine samples, preliminary conclusions were made about the feasibility of using the studied varieties for the preparation of liqueur wines. All the studied grape varieties can be recom-mended for the production of liqueur wines.

ECONOMY OF VITICULTURE OF ROSTOV REGION: STATE & FORECAST

The article deals with economic results of viticul-ture development in Rostov region in the first two decades of the XXI century. The results of forecasting the development of the industry in the medium term are presented.