Experimental justification for prompt neutralization of traumatic action of thermal exo- and endogenous damage factors (morphological features)

Objective: morphological substantiation of efficiency of prompt neutralization of traumatic action of exogenous and endogenous damage factors in burn injuries in experimental conditions. After simulating the burns on 60 rats, the traumatic hyperthermic damage factors in the main group were immediately neutralized by a gauze napkin soaked in water. Depending on its duration, the animals were divided into subgroups. Such applications were not performed on the control group. The study involved histological examination of tissues. Animals of the main groups had the presence of histologically confirmed skin appendages with a formed scar of connective tissue without signs of inflammation. In animals of the control group there were no skin appendages, which indicates a deeper thermal damage to tissues and the impossibility of self-epithelialization of wounds. These results confirm the importance and necessity of prompt neutralization of the traumatic effect of damage factors as the main elements of burn depth formation.

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL JUSTIFICATION OF DISCREETLY CONTINUAL STRENG-THENING METHODS BASED ON ANALYSIS OF CONTACT INTERACTION OF MILITARY AND CIVILIAN VEHICLES ELEMENTS

The paper describes studies of breakthrough methods effectiveness for sharply increasing the resource of highly loaded military and civilian vehicles elements based on methods of their discreetly continual strengthening. These methods, unlike traditional ones, combine the advantages of discrete and continual strengthening methods and lack their main disadvantages. The analysis of contact interaction of representative structures of contacting bodies at the microlevel is carried out. They consist of fragments of contacting parts, one of which is strengthened continually, and the other part is strengthened discretely. At contact interaction at the microlevel, on the one hand, the effects of the nanоlevel are manifested, and on the other hand, the effects of the macrolevel are manifested too. Nanoeffects are the redistribution of contact forces between bodies: from smooth ones they turn into an archipelago of hilly elevations. Macroeffects are to adapt the shape of the contact parts to the distribution of contact forces, smoothing their overall unevenness. As a result, the overall effect of strengthening is achieved, increasing the strength, load capacity and resource of military and civilian vehicles elements. A breakthrough is being achieved in improving the performance of military and civilian vehicles, which corresponds to or exceeds the world level for similar products. Keywords: discrete strengthening; continual strengthening; discreetly continual strengthening; contact interaction; military and civilian vehicles

Experimental justification of sediment recirculation application

The article provides an experimental substantiation of the use of sludge as an opacifier and the use of its recirculation during sedimentation of suspended matter in horizontal sedimentation tanks. Based on the theory of agglomeration of suspended solids (Kalitsun V.N., and Laskov Yu.M.), the agglomeration coefficients can be calculated for treating water with one reagent and when using sludge recirculation for natural water purification.

Anti-inflammatory properties of the combination of meloxicam and N-acetyl-L-proline

The anti-inflammatory properties of the combination of meloxicam and atypical NSAID N-acetyl-L-proline (Groceprol®) after intragastric administration in a model of carrageenan paw edema in mice were studied. The average effective dose of N-acetyl-L-proline calculated by the regression analysis method in this model was 414 mg/kg, and the average effective dose of meloxicam was 2.85 mg/kg. In the combination in a ratio of 40:1, the activity of the compounds increases significantly, the ED50 of meloxicam decreases to 1 mg/kg, a similar value of N-acetyl-L-proline becomes 43 mg/kg. The same trend was also observed with another mass ratio of components of 20:1. The analysis of the pharmacodynamics of the combination of drugs according to the T. Chou method showed an additive type of interaction, typical for compounds with different mechanisms of primary action. It was established that a combination of N-acetyl-L-proline and meloxicam in the weight ratios of 40:1 and 20:1 demonstrate synergism, allowing to reduce the dose of the components in 2.7–9.6 times as compared with the effect of the drugs individually.The results of the study are the experimental justification for the use of anti-inflammatory synergistic combination of N-acetyl-L-proline and meloxicam.

Investigation of the process of structure formation of a material from a mixture of nepheline sludge and crushed stone with the addition of cement

Приведено теоретическое и экспериментальное обоснование применения щебеночных дорожных одежд, укрепленных нефелиновым шламом и цементом, для покрытий лесных терминалов. Цель данного исследования – подбор наиболее прочного, технологичного и экономически эффективного материала для погрузочных площадок и складов временного хранения лесоматериалов в связи с ростом частоты применения многоступенчатой вывозки древесины. Результаты исследования показали, что получаемый материал обладает высокой прочностью и водостойкостью, соответствует требованиям ГОСТ к материалам покрытий, в том числе погрузочных пунктов. Приведены рекомендации по дозировкам компонентов смеси. The theoretical and experimental justification of the use of crushed stone road surfaces reinforced with nepheline sludge and cement for covering forest terminals is given. The purpose of this study is to select the most durable, technologically advanced and cost-effective material for loading platforms and temporary storage warehouses for timber due to the increasing frequency of multi-stage wood removal. The results of the study showed that the resulting material has high strength and water resistance, meets the requirements of GOST for coating materials, including loading points. Recommendations on the dosages of the components of the mixture are given.

Experimental justification of the stability of the floating unit

One of the main tasks arising when installing a floating hydroelectric power unit on a foundation without preliminary excavation is a thorough justification of the shear stability and bearing capacity of the "floating hydroelectric power unit - foundation" system on a complex geological massif. Failure to take into account these factors can lead to serious consequences during the landing of the structure in the target and further operation. It should be emphasized that this problem still includes a number of difficulties and does not always allow obtaining exact solutions in a volumetric setting. Based on the selection of a wide range of model materials, bases of various capacities were modelled for four models. In this case, the shear real characteristics of alluvial soils and their change after reinforcing cementation were taken into account. The studies were carried out on 4 models under static loads with bringing them to destruction. The models reproduced the real geological conditions at the base of the block, simulated deformation, and shear characteristics. Indicator diagrams of displacements, damage patterns, and generalized safety factors for bearing capacity were obtained. Model tests have shown that reinforcing cementation reduces not only the values of horizontal and vertical displacements of structures but also leads to a significant increase in the safety factor.