IMPACT OF THE QUALITY OF SPACE OF LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN : Insights from three selected schools form Kandy, Sri Lanka

Children with Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD)are found to struggle with diverse challenges in achieving quality of life in their education environments. In view of this the current investigation looked in to the impact of the quality of space in their learning environments in enhancing the Quality of life of Autistic children. Two types of school environments that accommodate students with ASD were examined namely, a special education school (A) and two mainstream schools with special educational units (B & C) in Kandy, considering 10 participants from each school (n=30). Inclusive design parameters were examined by a photographic survey and observations by the investigator and recorded via a 5-point Likert scale based on their level of presence. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedQL) was adopted to measure quality of life of participants. School A demonstrated the highest averages of for quality of space (65%) as well as quality of life ( 61.7%) while C ( 34%/48.3%) and B ( 30%/44.7%) showed lower averages respectively. Accordingly, the study observed a clear relationship between the Quality of Space and the Quality of Life of children with ASD, highlighting the potential of enhancing the quality of life of the students with ASD by improving the quality of space of local schools.

A LOOK OVER THE HYPOTHESES OF THE SARS-CoV-2 ORIGINS

Background: In late 2019, a new coronavirus variant, SARS-CoV-2, emerged and caused a pandemic. Several were the consequences of the appearance of this new virus, including, but not limited to, death, unemployment, bankruptcies (moral and economic), hunger, and misery. Aim: the purpose of this work is to analyze two hypotheses through logical propositions about the possibility of natural origin, or not, of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: research in an open public audiovisual database, censored, and non-peer-reviewed was used to identify subjects that support the proposition that the virus has a natural origin (group A) and those who claim otherwise (group B) aiming to hear your conjecture. A photographic survey was also carried out in order to identify the characters studied. The logical analysis of the propositions was performed through the construction of an exclusive disjunction truth table. Results and Discussion: The truth table produced four scenarios, two impossible and two possible. The impossible scenarios were discarded, and the possible scenarios were analyzed and confronted with the results of the audiovisual research. Conclusions: with the exclusion of impossible scenarios, only the possibilities remain that SARS-CoV-2 has evolved or not naturally, one of the lines of reasoning will be wrong as to the origin of SARS-CoV-2 if it ever becomes determined.

Diagnosis of degradation state of the historic building facade through qualitative and quantitative indicators: case study of the Former School of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel

PurposeIn Brazil, the city of Pelotas experienced an economic apex between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, reflecting in the construction of several buildings. The aim of this article is to evaluate the state of degradation of the facades of the Old School of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, using qualitative and quantitative indicators.Design/methodology/approachThe study was divided into visual and photographic survey, damage map and subsequent application of the Degradation Measurement Method (MMD) and the Element Performance Index (Ip). Taking into consideration the evaluation of the building: through historical research and survey of damages. Finally, the building was framed at a level of degradation.FindingsBy calculating the average damage between the methods – damage map, MMD and Ip – a more faithful representation of the damage was obtained, since the values become balanced. The results show the potential of the use of the methods in the analysis of pathological manifestations in facades.Originality/valueThe originality of this article refers to the use of methods for evaluation of historical buildings. The authors believe that the methods described applied jointly provide the results about the state of degradation through nondestructive and low-cost analyses. The methods of surveying damage to Brazilian heritage are a little researched area. This work will hopefully be engaged by academics and professionals to help establish and promote broad government interest and investments.

Stone Pavement Analysis using Building Information Modeling

The growing need to recover and digitally represent heritage infrastructure has led to the challenge of choosing different Building Information Modeling (BIM) platforms that will be used to manage the implementation of the semi-automatic design and reconstruction processes of reverse engineering modeling. The approach to the integrated management of information derived through Heritage-BIM (H-BIM) has been applied to Via del Duomo, one of the main roads in the old town of Naples, Italy. During preliminary inspections of the construction site it was possible to acquire geometric features and pavement/subgrade information, as well as to conduct a photographic survey, with 1,618 photographs collected. Subsequently, the acquired data were processed, using different BIM-based tools, to obtain the 3D mesh; objects were then converted from pure graphic solids into parametric entities by proposing a specific algorithm. Then a library, with the inclusion of all the possible stone paving package alternatives, including all the structural and stress-deforming characteristics such as Young Modulus (E), Poisson coefficient (n), and Safety factor (SF), was created. In this way, it is possible to associate to the generic element the optimal pavement package solution, depending on different construction contexts. As preliminary result, a dynamic model that updates its information package and modifies the output of the analysis every time the data worksheet is integrated with new collected results is proposed for further pavement management operations evaluation.

Between Art And Photojournalism : An Examination Of Henri Cartier-Bresson's The People Of Moscow

Henri Cartier-Bresson's (French, 1908-2004) career spanned more than fifty years during which he was involved with the surrealist movement, produced work for various picture magazines, helped found Magnum Photos Agency and published numerous photobooks. While his body of work is often discussed in terms of either fine art photography or photojournalism, prior to 1950s these elements tended to be isolated to separate venues. This thesis is concerned with Henri Cartier-Bresson's 1955 book The People of Moscow, a photographic survey of the Soviet people. It considers the significance of this book as a venue that combined the two aspects of Cartier-Bresson's photography, the formal aesthetics and the documentary content and thereby marked a turning point in his career. The essay describes and analyzes the elements of the book's design, such as the layout, sequencing and use of text by comparing them to the earlier Cartier-Bresson monographs, as well as to the use of the photographs from the book in Life and Paris Match.

Between Art And Photojournalism :An Examination Of Henri Cartier-Bresson's The People Of Moscow

Henri Cartier-Bresson's (French, 1908-2004) career spanned more than fifty years during which he was involved with the surrealist movement, produced work for various picture magazines, helped found Magnum Photos Agency and published numerous photobooks. While his body of work is often discussed in terms of either fine art photography or photojournalism, prior to 1950s these elements tended to be isolated to separate venues. This thesis is concerned with Henri Cartier-Bresson's 1955 book The People of Moscow, a photographic survey of the Soviet people. It considers the significance of this book as a venue that combined the two aspects of Cartier-Bresson's photography, the formal aesthetics and the documentary content and thereby marked a turning point in his career. The essay describes and analyzes the elements of the book's design, such as the layout, sequencing and use of text by comparing them to the earlier Cartier-Bresson monographs, as well as to the use of the photographs from the book in Life and Paris Match.

Between Art And Photojournalism : An Examination Of Henri Cartier-Bresson's The People Of Moscow

Henri Cartier-Bresson's (French, 1908-2004) career spanned more than fifty years during which he was involved with the surrealist movement, produced work for various picture magazines, helped found Magnum Photos Agency and published numerous photobooks. While his body of work is often discussed in terms of either fine art photography or photojournalism, prior to 1950s these elements tended to be isolated to separate venues. This thesis is concerned with Henri Cartier-Bresson's 1955 book The People of Moscow, a photographic survey of the Soviet people. It considers the significance of this book as a venue that combined the two aspects of Cartier-Bresson's photography, the formal aesthetics and the documentary content and thereby marked a turning point in his career. The essay describes and analyzes the elements of the book's design, such as the layout, sequencing and use of text by comparing them to the earlier Cartier-Bresson monographs, as well as to the use of the photographs from the book in Life and Paris Match.

Between Art And Photojournalism :An Examination Of Henri Cartier-Bresson's The People Of Moscow

Henri Cartier-Bresson's (French, 1908-2004) career spanned more than fifty years during which he was involved with the surrealist movement, produced work for various picture magazines, helped found Magnum Photos Agency and published numerous photobooks. While his body of work is often discussed in terms of either fine art photography or photojournalism, prior to 1950s these elements tended to be isolated to separate venues. This thesis is concerned with Henri Cartier-Bresson's 1955 book The People of Moscow, a photographic survey of the Soviet people. It considers the significance of this book as a venue that combined the two aspects of Cartier-Bresson's photography, the formal aesthetics and the documentary content and thereby marked a turning point in his career. The essay describes and analyzes the elements of the book's design, such as the layout, sequencing and use of text by comparing them to the earlier Cartier-Bresson monographs, as well as to the use of the photographs from the book in Life and Paris Match.

OS GRANDES PROJETOS E OS ESPAÇOS DE RESISTÊNCIA NA AMAZÔNIA: as comunidades em áreas de influência direta das estações portuárias em Rurópolis-PA

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AND RESISTANCE SPACES IN THE AMAZON: communities in areas of direct influence of port seasons in Rurópolis, state of Pará, BrazilLOS GRANDES PROYECTOS Y LOS ESPACIOS DE RESISTENCIA EN LA AMAZONIA: las comunidades en áreas de influencia directa de las estaciones portuarias en Rurópolis, estado dePará, BrasilRESUMOO presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a produção do espaço de comunidades diretamente afetadas por projetos de transporte de cargas na Amazônia oriental, tendo como recorte empírico as quatro comunidades (Santarenzinho, Livramento, Nazaré e Lago do Roque) da área de influência direta de três projetos de Estações de Transbordo de Cargas (ETC), que são denominados de ETC Rurópolis, ETC Tapajós e ETC Santarenzinho, localizados no município de Rurópolis, oeste paraense. Para realização dessa pesquisa, utilizou-se levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre temas relacionados a esse estudo, bem como trabalho de campo com levantamento fotográfico, realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação sistemática da paisagem. Entende-se que em parte da orla fluvial do município de Rurópolis coexistem as novas tendências de dominação econômica com as vivências ribeirinhas e agroextrativistas. Tal coexistência, entretanto, é, em grande parte, negligenciada pelas ações do poder público que se voltam para o reordenamento da região em prol do avanço do capital nacional e internacional em detrimento da (sobre)vivência de comunidades tradicionais. Destaca-se que em virtude da implantação desses projetos e dos interesses econômicos, do desrespeito à identidade e cultura desses povos, pelo poder público e privado, e da falta de proteção aos seus conhecimentos e territórios, a sobrevivência das comunidades pesquisadas passou a ser ameaçada. Palavras-chave: Comunidades Ribeirinhas e Agroextrativistas; Espaço de Resistência; Amazônia; Grandes Projetos.ABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the production of the space of communities directly affected by cargo transportation projects in the Eastern Amazon. This study was conducted in four communities located in the area of direct influence of three projects of Transhipment Stations of Cargo (ETC). These ETC’s are denominate ETC Rurópolis, ETC Tapajós and ETC Santarenzinho, and are located in Rurópolis, a municipality in the West of Pará. In this study were used: a) a bibliographic and documentary research; b) a fieldwork with photographic survey; c) semi-structured interviews; and d) a systematic observation of the landscape. It is understood that in part of the Rurópolis riverside, the new tendencies of economic domination coexist with the riverside and agro-extractive experiences. This coexistence is greatly neglected by the actions of the authorities. These actions goals are to reorder the region favoring the national and international capital advancement. However, it has been noticed some side effects in the traditional communities. It should be acknowledged that the survival of the researched communities is threatened due to the implementation of these projects and the economic interests in the region because there is a great disrespect to the identity and culture of these peoples by the public and private power. This directly affects the knowledge and territory of communities.Keywords: Riverine and Agroextractive Communities; Space of resistance; Amazônia; Big ProjectsRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la producción del espacio de comunidades directamente afectadas por proyectos de transporte de carga en el este de la Amazonía. Nuestro estudio se realizó en cuatro comunidades ubicadas en el área de influencia directa de tres proyectos de Estaciones de Carga de Transbordo (ETC). Estos ETC se denominan ETC Rurópolis, ETC Tapajós y ETC Santarenzinho y están ubicados en el municipio de Ruropolis en el Paraense Oeste. En este estudio se utilizaron: a) investigación bibliográfica y documental; b) trabajo de campo con levantamiento fotográfico; c) entrevistas semiestructuradas; yd) observación sistemática del paisaje. Se entiende que en parte de la ribera del Rurópolis conviven las nuevas tendencias de dominación económica con las experiencias agro-extractivas y ribeira. Esta coexistencia se descuida en gran medida por las acciones de las autoridades. Estas están dirigidos al reordenamiento de la región a favor del avance del capital nacional e internacional en detrimento de las comunidades tradicionales. Cabe señalar que la supervivencia de las comunidades investigadas se vio amenazada debido a la implementación de estos proyectos y los intereses económicos en la región porque existe una gran falta de respeto a la identidad y la cultura de estos pueblos por parte del poder público y privado. Esto afecta directamente el conocimiento y el territorio de las comunidades.Palabras clave: Comunidades Ribeirinhas y Agroextrativistas; Espacio de Resistencia; Amazon; Grandes Proyectos.

ANÁLISE FISIOGRÁFICA DA BACIA DO RIO MONAPO – PROVÍNCIA DE NAMPULA – MOÇAMBIQUE

Neste artigo apresenta-se uma caracterização fisiográfica da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Monapo localizada na Província de Nampula – Moçambique, objetivando contribuir com a discussão sobre os sucessivos problemas com escassez de água potável na região. Os métodos e técnicas utilizados para o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, foram as análises empíricas realizadas em campo em novembro de 2016, levantamento fotográfico, análise morfométrica e mapeamento do meio físico utilizando geotecnologias. De acordo com os dados avaliados a bacia hidrográfica drena uma área de 8.047 km², percorrendo o território de nove distritos de Nampula (população estimada de 1.624.924 habitantes em 2015) em terrenos cristalinos, representados em sua maioria por gnaisses e granitos. O clima apresenta características semiáridas, sendo classificado como tropical seco com precipitações anuais entre 800 mm e 1000 mm. A paisagem é dominada por cultivos arbóreos e florestas decíduas com características savânicas, entremeados por cultivos de manga, caju, mandioca, milho, arroz e banana. A morfometria da bacia indica grande potencial de preservação dos recursos naturais, com baixa susceptibilidade a erosão e inundações. Considera-se que os problemas de abastecimento de água na província devem-se mais às características pluviométricas, sobretudo à concentração das precipitações de novembro a março e ao modelo de uso da terra do que às características morfométricas da bacia. É necessário que sejam adotadas medidas que favoreçam o armazenamento e a concentração de água em reservatórios artificiais, criando um sistema de regularização da drenagem aproveitando as águas precipitadas durante o verão.Palavras-chave: Análise morfométrica. Caracterização fisiográfica. Geotecnologias.PHYSIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE WATERSHED OF MONAPO RIVER – NAMPULA PROVINCE – MOZAMBIQUEAbstract: The article presents a physiographic characterization of the watershed of Monapo River, located in Nampula Province – Mozambique, aiming to contribute to the discussion about successive problems with potable water in the region. Regarding methods and techniques it’s possible to highlight empirical analysis of the area accomplished in the field in November 2016, photographic survey, morphometric analysis and mapping of the physiography using geotechnologies. The watershed drains an area of 8.047 km², traversing the territory of nine districts of Nampula (estimated population of 1.624.924 inhabitants in 2015), in crystalline grounds, represented in its majority by gneisses and granites. The climate presents semi-arid characteristics, being characterized as dry tropical with annual rainfall between 800 mm and 1000 mm. Arboreal crops and deciduous forests with savanna characteristics, interspersed with mango, cashew, cassava, corn, rice and banana crops, dominate the landscape. The basin's morphometry indicates great potential for preserving natural resources, with low susceptibility to erosion and flooding and a greater tendency for water to infiltrate. The water supply problems in the province are due more to rainfall characteristics, especially the concentration of rainfall from November to March and to the land use model than to the morphometric characteristics of the basin. It is necessary to adopt actions that favor the storage and concentration of water in artificial reservoirs, creating a system to regulate the drainage from the precipitated waters in the summer.Keywords: Morphometric analysis. Physiographic characterization. Geotechnologies.ANÁLISIS FISIOGRÁFICA DE LA CUENCA DEL RÍO MONAPO - PROVINCIA DE NAMPULA - MOZAMBIQUEResumen: El artículo presenta una caracterización fisiográfica de la cuenca del río Monapo, ubicada en la provincia de Nampula - Mozambique, con el objetivo de contribuir a la discusión sobre los sucesivos problemas del agua potable en la región. En cuanto a métodos y técnicas, cabe destacar el análisis empírico del área realizado en campo en noviembre de 2016, levantamiento fotográfico, análisis morfométrico y mapeo de la fisiografía utilizando geotecnologías. La cuenca drena un área de 8.047 km², atravesando el territorio de nueve distritos de Nampula (población estimada de 1.624.924 habitantes en 2015), en suelos cristalinos, representados en su mayoría por gneis y granitos. El clima presenta características semiáridas, caracterizándose como tropical seco con precipitaciones anuales entre 800 mm y 1000 mm. Los cultivos arbóreos y los bosques caducifolios con características de sabana, intercalados con cultivos de mango, marañón, mandioca, maíz, arroz y banano, dominan el paisaje. La morfometría de la cuenca indica un gran potencial de conservación de los recursos naturales, con baja susceptibilidad a la erosión e inundaciones y una mayor tendencia a la infiltración del agua. Los problemas de abastecimiento de agua en la provincia se deben más a las características de las lluvias, especialmente a la concentración de las lluvias de noviembre a marzo y al modelo de uso del suelo que a las características morfométricas de la cuenca. Es necesario adoptar acciones que favorezcan el almacenamiento y concentración de agua en reservorios artificiales, creando un sistema para regular el drenaje de las aguas precipitadas en el verano.Palabras clave: Análisis morfométrico. Caracterización fisiográfica. Geotecnologías.