PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANCHONELLA PACHYCARPA WOOD SPECIES FOR USE IN STRUCTURAL PURPOSE

This research aimed to characterize the wood species Goiabão (Planchonella pachycarpa), following the precepts set forth in the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190, as well as to evaluate the possibility of estimating physical and mechanical properties, using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) as a function of apparent density, and also to estimate the stiffness properties as a function of the respective strength property. The physical and mechanical properties were considered adequate for the use of this wood for structural purposes, being classified in class C40. According to the results of the regression models, it is possible to estimate the tensile strength parallel to the fibers as a function of the apparent density. It was also possible to estimate the longitudinal elastic modulus in the compression parallel to the fibers as a function of the compressive strength parallel to the fibers.

PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITIONAL MATERIALS BASED ON THE MIXTURES OF EPOXY POLYMERS AND OLIGOSULFONES. PART 3. PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

The influence of modifying additives of oligosulfones of different molecular weight with terminal carboxyl and phenolic groups on the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy polymers is investigated. It is found that the modification allows to increase the tensile strength by 32, the deformation at break by 85, the modulus of elasticity by 47 and the failure rate by 123 %. The maximum set of properties is realized when the epoxy polymer is introduced into the composition of 3–5 wt. с. of oligosulfone with a molecular weight of 4700. It is shown that the magnitude of the effect depends significantly on the amount of the modifier introduced and its molecular weight. The chemical nature of the end groups has little effect on the basic deformation and strength properties. The results of the work allow to recommend the studied oligosulfonsfones for the production of composite polymer materials of structural purpose with improved physical and mechanical properties on the basis of epoxy resins.

Ketahanan Papan Partikel Terhadap Suhu Tinggi, Serapan Air dan Perilaku Patah

Wood is widely used for structural and non-structural purposes. In non-structural purpose, wood is used, among others, as furniture, parquet (wood floor), partitions and so on. In line with the decreasing availability of wood, the price of wood is becoming increasingly expensive. In certain uses, substitute materials such as particle boards have been started to use. Particle boards are generally composed of certain wood powder wastes. This study aimed to look for alternative materials for building particle boards from coconut shells. The particle boards to be tested were composed of coconut shells with the addition of certain wood powder which is added with certain percentage. Particle boards were printed with a certain size, given certain pressure and tested for their physical properties. The physical properties of the particle boards tested included particle density, water absorption, dry flexural modulus, and dry bending fracture modulus. The results showed that the best mixture composition capable of producing density values, water absorption, fracture modulus and optimum modulus of elasticity were found in the proportion of mixtures of 70-90% coconut shell particles and 30-10% wood particles.

Conetext of Artistic Dimensions in the Ornaments of Imam Ali Holy Shrine

The paper is aimed to study the Conetext of artistic dimensions in the ornaments of Imam Ali Holy Shrine; the study included four chapters, the first chapter about the problem statement identified by the following questioning: What are the artistic dimensions in Conetext of Imam Ali Holy Shrines? Then the significance of the study and the need for it, and the goal came to find out the Conetext of artistic dimensions in the ornaments of Imam Ali Holy Shrines, and then the study identified the substantive, temporal and spatial boundaries, as well as the definition of terms that are related to the study. The literature review Chapter 2 included the ornaments functions and its aesthetic as well as the expression in these ornaments, the Chapter concluded of some benchmarks. As for the Third Chapter, the researcher has applied a descriptive analytical method. The population was 103 models; while sampling was %20 according to appropriate research justifications. The most outstanding search results: The Muslim artist adopted on porcelain material as it has a construction function, as well as its aesthetic dimension in order to remove the sizing and search for flatness which leads eventually to abstract. Also, the most important conclusion was: The functional dimension in the ornaments of Imam Ali Holy Shrines is supported by accurate structural machine which depends on stylistic shaping of the elements and principles that achieve aesthetic or structural purpose. The researcher offered some important recommendations and proposals such as: Studying of structural design system of Islamic ornaments in the Holy Shrines.

Basics of recreation of ancient ceramics production technology

The paper investigates possibility of ancient ceramics technology recreation based on materials of archaeological excavations and experimental simulation and describes results of the research. The structure and properties of ceramic samples found during archaeological excavations of the neolithic age and clay raw materials from different deposits were studied. The fragments under study were shown to consist mainly of light-melting clays, possessing polimineral composition with additives of fire clay, sand, loose sedimentary rock, and in some cases wool and vegetation. Clays under study are characterized by variability of chemical and mineral composition, by their combining it is possible to obtain optimal moulding compositions to produce ceramic products of artistic and architectural-structural purpose. Overview of scientific and technical information in archaeology and the obtained experimental results enable to reveal compositions and peculiarities of ancient technology of ceramics production and technical decoration application. Peculiar features of experimental simulation of the ancient ceramics technology considering chemical and mineral composition of clay raw materials are described.

THE CONSTRUCTION OF A COMPOSITION BASED ON MAGNESIA BINDER WITH PEAT

Obtained building material based on magnesia binder with different content of peat (0 to 90 %), on a specially developed technique. As a binder used PMK 87, for mixing mixtures used aqueous solution of magnesium chloride and peat from the Ivanovo region. It were determined such physical and physico-mechanical properties of the investigated material as the compressive strength and the density. The strength characteristics of silicate bricks, ceramic bricks and the investigated material based on magnesia binder and peat was analyzed and compared. It is established that the samples of construction material with content of peat not exceeding 40 wt.% can be attributed to the materials of structural purpose by its compressive strength. Samples of the material with content of the peat 40% have a density 943,75 kg/m3, that provides good heat and sound insulation properties. It is revealed that the solution of the raw material mixture of magnesia binder, peat, the solution of bischofite is optimized to place, and the material gets at least 85% of its strength during 30 days.

Correlations between axial stiffness and microstructure of a species of bamboo

Bamboo is a ubiquitous monocotyledonous flowering plant and is a member of the true grass family Poaceae . In many parts of the world, it is widely used as a structural material especially in scaffolding and buildings. In spite of its wide use, there is no accepted methodology for standardizing a species of bamboo for a particular structural purpose. The task of developing structure–property correlations is complicated by the fact that bamboo is a hierarchical material whose structure at the nanoscopic level is not very well explored. However, we show that as far as stiffness is concerned, it is possible to obtain reliable estimates of important structural properties like the axial modulus from the knowledge of certain key elements of the microstructure. Stiffness of bamboo depends most sensitively on the size and arrangement of the fibre sheaths surrounding the vascular bundles and the arrangement of crystalline cellulose microfibrils in their secondary cell walls. For the species of bamboo studied in this work, we have quantitatively determined the radial gradation that the arrangement of fibres renders to the structure. The arrangement of the fibres gives bamboo a radially graded property variation across its cross section.

Evaluasi Kuat Tumpu Alat Sambung Baut pada Papan WPC dari Limbah Sengon dan Plastik HDPE

Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) is wood based material that been produce by mixing sawdust as main composition and plastic polymer as bonding agent. Nowadays, WPC board already been produced in Indonesia using Sengon sawdust and recycle HDPE plastic. Sengon sawdust was used as WPC since its availability from plywood production waste, moreover HDPE plastic considered had higher strength and more rigid than PET plastic. WPC occasionally being used as non structural material, moreover from previous study about mechanical properties of WPC, it was found that WPC Sengon has high shear strength around 25 – 30 MPa. These lead that WPC Sengon had a potential used as shear wall sheathing, thus additional research need to be conducted in order to study the type of bolt and diameter of the bolt can be used for these shear wall. This study aimed to investigate the dowel bearing of bolt using full hole method based on ASTM D5764 with type and bolt diameter as specimen variation. Two types of bolt were used in this study; stainless bolt and standard bolt with diameter each of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm. According to ANOVA, there was insignificant result between stainless bolt and standard one, but there was significant result based on diameter of the bolt. Hereafter, it can be recommended the used of 10 mm diameter of bolt for structural purpose with dowel bearing strength around 67 – 70 MPa.

Strategi Pengembangan Karier PNS Fungsional Umum di Institut Pertanian Bogor

<p>The main issues in the field of human resources is a state civil officials on the quality and distribution of civil servants, therefore we need a research to know the civil servant career development strategy. Process and career development should be professional career development oriented of civil servants which means not only the structural purpose, but also to developing expertise towards functional. Thus, the position of the functional has a role as equal partners in a structural position. The purpose of this study is to identify what are the main priorities of the factors, actors and objectives as well as the recommendation of alternative strategies are most influential on the development of common functional civil servants career in IPB. The research was conducted at IPB and the Bureau of Personnel Culture and Education Ministry Secretariat using descriptive analysis and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) methods. The results of the descriptive analysis is from 1.500 civil servants education personnel only 14,3% certain functional officials in IPB, thus 83,7% is common functional PNS included structural officials which selectively will be converted to be specific functional civil service officials. Results obtained from AHP processing the alternative strategy most recommended is the establishment of assessment centers (0,482) by actor Vice Rector of Resources and Strategic Studies (0,498), through the strengthening of organizational factors (0,357) with the aim of increasing professionalism (0,600), that all are the main priorities which influence to the development of a common functional IPB civil servants career.</p><p>Keywords: civil servant quality and distribution, professionalism, carrier development strategy, assesment center</p>