Staphilococcus Aureus Sampling v2

This protocol is intended to study the affectation of Staphilococcus Aureus, including the MRSA variant. It outlines the basic protocol for a multi-subject study.

Staphilococcus Aureus Sampling v2

This protocol is intended to study the affectation of Staphilococcus Aureus, including the MRSA variant. It outlines the basic protocol for a multi-subject study.

Wastewater QC workflow in GalaxyTrakr (SSQuAWK) v2

PURPOSE: Step-by-step instructions for checking sequence quality for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater samples using SSQuAWK: SARS - CoV - 2 Sequence Quality Assurance Workflow and Kontraption. The SSQuAWK workflow, implemented in a custom Galaxy instance, will produce quality assessments for raw reads (Illumina MiSeq paired-end fastq files). SCOPE: This protocol covers the following tasks: 1. Set up an account in GalaxyTrakr 2. Create a new history 3. Upload data 4. Execute the SSQuAWK workflow 5. Interpret the results Version history: V1: Basic protocol steps with screenshots V2: Addition of a detailed 12 minute video tutorial

Forward Design Method of Avionics System Based on Communication

With the rapid development of computer technology, electronic technology, and control technology, communication-based avionics systems can provide greater potential for the improvement of aircraft combat capabilities. Moreover, during the flight, passengers have an increasing demand for space communications. How to provide passengers with a communication-based aerospace electronic system that is indistinguishable from the ground during the flight is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. The research on the forward design method of this system has been highly valued by experts at home and abroad. This article is a communication-based forward design method for avionics systems. Based on the development of aerospace data communication technology, this article discusses the advantages of the application of the CCSDS (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) protocol in the design of aerospace electronic communication systems. This research designs the technical scheme of the entire aerospace communication electronic system and refers to the relevant CCSDS protocol to complete the design of the distributor’s fast transmission telemetry package and the distributor’s slow transmission telemetry package. This article introduces the two existing architectures of the integrated avionics system, compares and analyzes them, and then elaborates the integrated avionics system architecture based on trusted computing and the trust chain transfer mechanism. The experimental results show that the method designed in this paper uses the NBSP basic protocol in an aeronautical communication environment with a nesting depth of 2 s. When the data transmission delay is 2 s, the NBSP scheme is 0.9 and the NERON scheme is 0.4. This shows that the design method of this study is able to meet the requirements of the system and technical indicators.

Effectiveness of ADC Difference Value on Pre-neoadjuvant Chemotherapy MRI for Response Evaluation of Breast Cancer

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is known to be a suitable treatment and first-line defense for locally advanced breast cancer. However, the NAC response may include unexpected outcomes, and it is not easy to predict the NAC response precisely. Especially, early detection of those patients who do not benefit from NAC is needed to reduce unnecessary therapy and side effects. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pretreatment apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value is effective for predicting the response of breast cancer to NAC. Method: Forty-nine breast cancer cases with pre- and post-NAC breast MRI were enrolled. MRI was performed using a 1.5-T scanner with the basic protocol including diffusion-weighted imaging. ADC difference value (ADC-diff) was calculated in all cases. Results: ADC-diff was high in complete response and partial response cases ( p < .05). ADC-diff correlated with the DWI rim sign, with a positive DWI rim sign being associated with a higher ADC-diff ( p < .05). Conclusion: High-ADC difference value on the pretreatment MRI can provide information for a better response of NAC on breast cancer.

Multiorgan pathoanatomical manifestation of spontaniously ocuring intestinal yersiniosis in dogs

The paper presents materials on pathomorphological changes in the organs of dogs with intestinal yersiniosis, the disease which is still considered to be predominately asymptomatic. The aim of the study was to determine the main pathomorphological changes in dogs with spontaneous intestinal yersiniosis caused by Y. enterocolitica. To achieve this goal, pathological and pathomorphological studies were performed on 12 corpses of dogs aged 8-22 months between 2017-2020. The specimens had a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of intestinal yersiniosis as a monoinfection, and three of the corpses had complications of infectious hepatitis and two corpses with complications of pseudomonosis. The material for the study was extracted during an autopsy of dogs that died due to acute and rarely chronic spontaneous intestinal yersiniosis, as well as when it was complicated by other infectious diseases. Fixation of pathological material (pieces of lungs, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, stomach, small and large intestine, kidneys) and the manufacturing of paraffin sections were performed according to generally accepted methods. The resulting sections were stained with Karatsi hematoxylin and aqueous solution of eosin. The most significant changes were found in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract (congestive catarrhal-hemorrhagic processes in the acute course and atrophic and productive in the chronic), liver (protein and fat dystrophies, local areas of necrobiosis and cytolysis of hepatocytes), spleen in the kidneys (signs of granular and hyaline-drop dystrophy of the epithelium of the tubules and dystrophic-atrophic processes in the glomeruli), characteristic of septicemia and toxemia. Based on the analysis of literature sources, the results of the study, it was found that intestinal yersiniosis of dogs is a disease that has multiorgan pathology, but due to the similarity of clinical manifestations and lack of specific diagnostic laboratories it is often disguised as other bacterial and viral diseases. The complex of pathomorphological changes in the organs of the deceased animals, taking into account the results of serological and pathological studies, can be considered a basic protocol for diagnosing intestinal yersiniosis in dogs

A Simple Nuclear Contrast Staining Method for MicroCT-Based 3D Histology Using Lead(II) Acetate

ABSTRACTX-ray microtomography (microCT) enables histological-scale 3D imaging of many types of biological samples, but it has yet to rival traditional histology for differentiation of tissue types and cell components. This report presents prima facie results indicating that a simple lead(II) acetate staining solution can impart preferential X-ray contrast to cell nuclei. While not strictly selective for nuclei, the staining reflects local cell-density differences. It can be applied in a single overnight treatment and does not require hematoxylin staining or drying of the sample. The stain is removable with EDTA, and it may enhance early calcifications. A basic protocol is given as a guide for further testing and optimisation.

Teaching for Critical Thinking

This article reviews the core process of critical thinking—hunting assumptions—and explains how this process differs according to the context of what is being taught and the different intellectual traditions that inform teachers' own backgrounds. It outlines a basic protocol of critical thinking as a learning process that focuses on uncovering and checking assumptions, exploring alternative perspectives, and taking informed actions as a result. Three different categories of assumptions—paradigmatic, prescriptive, and causal—are defined, and the teaching methods and approaches that most help students to think critically are explored. The chapter examines in detail the fact that critical thinking is best experienced as a social learning process, and how important it is for teachers to model the process for students. The advent of digital technologies brings both urgency and opportunity to teaching for critical thinking.

A non-anhydrous, minimally basic protocol for the simplification of nucleophilic 18F-fluorination chemistry

Fluorine-18 radiolabeling typically includes several conserved steps including elution of the [18F]fluoride from an anion exchange cartridge with a basic solution of K2CO3 or KHCO3 and Kryptofix 2.2.2. in mixture of acetonitrile and water followed by rigorous azeotropic drying to remove the water. In this work we describe an alternative “non-anhydrous, minimally basic” (“NAMB”) technique that simplifies the process and avoids the basic conditions that can sometimes limit the scope and efficiency of [18F]fluoride incorporation chemistry. In this approach, [18F]F− is eluted from small (10–12 mg) anion-exchange cartridges with solutions of tetraethylammonium bicarbonate, perchlorate or tosylate in polar aprotic solvents containing 10–50% water. After dilution with additional aprotic solvent, these solutions are used directly in nucleophilic aromatic and aliphatic 18F-fluorination reactions, obviating the need for azeotropic drying. Perchlorate and tosylate are minimally basic anions that are nevertheless suitable for removal of [18F]F- from the anion-exchange cartridge. As proof-of-principle, “NAMB” chemistry was utilized for the synthesis of the dopamine D2/D3 antagonist [18F]fallypride.