Symbol of Door as Mary in Images of the Annunciation of the 14th-15th Centuries

The current article addresses the topic of the symbolic identification of the Virgin Mary as a door according to a double possibility, namely, as an open door and as a shut door. This implies designating Mary simultaneously as ianua coeli and as porta clausa. These two possibilities suggest very different, though complementary, doctrinal meanings. Through the textual analysis of various quotes from the Church Fathers and theologians and medieval liturgical hymns referring to one or other of these two metaphorical expressions, the Author will determine the doctrinal meanings inherent in each one. In the second instance, the iconographic analysis of seven images of the Annunciation from the 14th and 15th centuries that include some door in special conditions will allow us to validate the hypothesis that the intellectual authors of these seven paintings introduced that door into them as a visual metaphor capable of illustrating both textual metaphors of porta clausa and ianua coeli.

Narcos in Jesús María: Dystopian empowerment in the amateur exploitation film Corazón cubano/Cuban Heart (2014)

This article analyses the film Corazón cubano/Cuban Heart (Liyuen Valdés 2014), a story about drug traffickers in the Jesús María neighbourhood of Havana, circulated only through the Paquete Semanal (Weekly Package). Examining the creators’ symbolic identification with the figure of the narco, this article explores Corazón as an example of amateur, alternative and informal media within the Paquete and its relationship with exploitation, cult and trash cinema. It argues that Corazón’s appropriation of narconarratives through reparteros (the inhabitants of Havana’s peripheric and poorest neighbourhoods) is linked to the relationship between reparteros, rap and reggaeton and points to the filmmakers’ will to combine social criticism and entertainment. Corazón also reproduces controversial practices and discourses like ‘necroempowerment’ (Valencia) or ‘fascinating violence’ (Valencia and Sepúlveda), developing dystopian empowerment by appropriating the narco as a ‘cultural persona’ (Edberg).

‘Airport People’ in Transformation: Vertical Disintegration and the Reconfiguration of Occupational Belonging in Terminal Work at Helsinki-Vantaa International Airport

This article examines the effects of the vertical disintegration of production on airport terminal workers through the theoretical lens of occupational belonging, highlighting themes of sensory and embodied experience, changing dynamics of employment relationships, and new patterns of inclusion and exclusion. The article contributes to efforts to produce nuanced empirical accounts of the dynamics of post-Fordist work, showing how restructuring had the effect of disrupting employment relations and activity rhythms, while nevertheless preserving ‘the airport’ as a symbolic and relational setting in relation to which occupational belonging could be constructed. The article examines how the work of binding people and jobs, previously undertaken by integrated organisations, was taken up by workers themselves through their personal relationships and will to belong. The article highlights the capacity to undertake this work of belonging as a central dynamic of occupational inclusion and exclusion, a capacity which in this empirical context was experienced as being shaped by age and the ability to make use of personal relationships in navigating precarious employment relations. Based on this empirical analysis, the article argues for belonging as a valuable perspective for studies of materiality, symbolic identification and relationality in post-Fordist work.

SENTIDO DE APROPIACIÓN AL ESPACIO INTERIOR DEL HÁBITAT DOMÉSTICO

La construcción de viviendas en serie en Cuenca y alrededor del mundo se han incrementado de manera exponencial, convirtiéndose en una solución habitacional desarrollada en el campo inmobiliario. Si bien la construcción en serie entrega un recurso para satisfacer una necesidad básica de las personas, es necesario investigar el sentido de apropiación al espacio interior del hábitat doméstico considerando que los espacios no fueron proyectados ni resueltos bajo un programa de necesidades realizados a medida. El objetivo de la investigación es indagar la identificación simbólica y las transformaciones realizadas en los departamentos modelos para comprender el sentido de apropiación y concebir las auto creaciones y auto representaciones de los propietarios en sus espacios interiores. Palabras clave: Apropiación, hábitat doméstico, vivienda colectiva, transformación espacial. AbstractSerial housing construction in Cuenca and around the world has increased drammatically, becoming a housing solution developed in the real estate field. Although serial construction is a source of satisfaction to basic needs of people, it is necessary to investigate the sense of appropriation to the interior space of the domestic habitat considering that the spaces were not projected or solved under a program of needs adapted to a specifi measure. The objective of the research was to investigate the symbolic identification and the transformations carried out in the model apartments to understand the sense of appropriation and conceive the owners' self-creations and self-representations in their interior spaces. Keywords: Ownership, domestic habitat, collective housing, spatial transformation.

Conclusion: The Abstractions of Homo Economicus: Now a Stomach, Now an Anus

The modern impasse hails for the Arabic reading subject a crisis in symbolic identification: there is a retreat of the discourse of the master, a crisis in the symbolic and the relationship between language and law comes to fore. The nineteenth century in particular is marked by the emergence of a neurotic subject (Bustani) obsessed with questions of origins (original sin, origins of language, origins of society and habit, origins of culture) and a hysteric subject (Shidyaq) that asks: what do you want of me? The problem of origins does not cease to repeat itself in the corpus of texts from the time, it takes the shape of a compulsive reposing of the questions of beginnings and ends: where does taste come from (inclination, disposition, acquired)? What is the origin of sociality? How does habit originate? What is the origin of language? How to write a history of culture? When and how does culture originate? How does one become a woman?

La apropiación de espacios públicos en contexto de violencia: Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México

El objetivo de este artículo es describir y analizar las formas de apropiación del espacio público en un contexto de violencia, a través de la teoría de la apropiación del espacio de Pol (1996, 2002) y Vidal y Pol (2005), cómo los actores involucrados se reconocen en el espacio y cómo es su relación y comportamiento en él. Metodológicamente, se basa en un estudio realizado en tres espacios públicos rehabilitados por la estrategia Todos Somos Juárez, fueron analizados a través de dos componentes: la acción transformación y la identificación simbólica. Los hallazgos señalan que en el proceso de transformación los sujetos adoptaron una identificación simbólica al ser parte del diseño y al observar la metamorfosis de dicho lugar. Mientras que los significados se transformaron de “no lugares” a “parques”. Como limitaciones del artículo se tiene que sólo tres espacios públicos fueron estudiados y no la totalidad de la ciudad.Palabras clave: Cohesión social, Apropiación espacios públicos, Ciudad Juárez The appropriation of public areas in the context of violence: Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, MexicoSummaryThe objective of this article is to describe and analyze the forms of appropriation of public areas in a context of violence, through the theory of appropriation of the space of Pol (1996, 2002) and Vidal and Pol (2005), how the actors involved recognize themselves as part of a space and how their relationship and behavior in it is. Methodologically, it is based on a study conducted in three public spaces rehabilitated by the Todos Somos Juárez strategy, they were analyzed through two components: the action transformation and the symbolic identification. The findings indicate that in the transformation process the subjects adopted a symbolic identification by being part of the design and observing the metamorphosis of that place. While the meanings were transformed from "no places" to "parks." As limitations of the article, only three public spaces were studied and not the entire city.Keywords: Social cohesion, Appropriation of public spaces, Ciudad Juárez L’appropriation des espaces publics en contexte de violence : Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexique.RésuméL’objectif de cet article est celui de décrire et d’analyser les formes d’appropriation de l’espace public dans un contexte de violence à travers la théorie de l’appropriation de l’espace de Pol (1996, 2002) et Vidal et Pol (2005), de comment les acteurs impliqués se reconnaissent dans l’espace et de comment est leur relation et leur comportement à l’intérieur de cet espace. Méthodologiquement, cet article se base dans une étude réalisée dans trois espaces publics restaurés par la stratégie Todos Somos Juárez, ils ont été analysés à travers deux composants : l’action transformation et l’identification symbolique. Les trouvailles signalent que dans le processus de transformation les sujets ont adapté une identification symbolique car ils font partie du schéma et de l’observation de la métamorphose de ce lieu pendant que les significations se sont transformées de « non-lieu » à « parcs ». En tant que limitations dans cet article : Il n’y a que trois espaces publics qui ont été étudiés et pas la totalité de la ville.Mots clés: Cohésion sociale, Appropriation d’espaces publics, Ciudad Juárez

The retraditionalization in the culture of the Russian rural population of the Western Siberia (XX - first decades of the XXI century)

The XX century and the first decades of the XXI century are characterized by the process of retraditionalization, which is well fixed by expeditionary ethnographic materials within the framework of the culture of life support. On the example of the Russian rural population of the Western Siberia, vital culture has demonstrated some forms of retraditionalization — substitution technologies in economic life, social mutual assistance and support and actualization of irrational knowledge. The considered forms of retraditionalization perform the functions of adaptation to complex socio-economic conditions and symbolic identification of social and ethnic groups.

The Archetype of Intellectual Activity: A Modern Methodology for the Description of the Protophenomenon

Modern clinical psychology focuses on the problems of the culturological layer, the cultural background and consequences of the formation and development of productive and destructive anomalies, including the abnormal aspects of creative giftedness, the associated and accompanying anomalies of behavior, values expressed in deviations, borderline states, psychoses and somatoses. Endowment with its considerable diversity is a universal phenomenon. Moreover, and like any universal, it can be understood and described in the unity of its cultural, social, psychological and physiological aspects. The article discusses the basics of the organization of the archetype of intellectual function from the standpoint of historical and culturalological genesis. The wide mythological context of the formation of properties, attributes, and symbolic identification inherent in the archetype of the intellectual function is discussed. The statement is postulated that archetypal structures are not only a priori existing mechanisms of cognition from the point of view of the formation of an individual’s mental experience at an early age, but also affect all subsequent processes of development of a person’s cognitive functioning in norm and clinical situations. The concept of “Icarus complex” is introduced as the desired anthropic form of the archetype under study and as a promising model for further research in clinical psychology.

“Kryashen Language” As One of the Symbols of Kryashen's Front

The present article analyzes the influence of the symbol “Kryashen language” on the ethnic mobilization of the Kryashens during all stages of development of Kryashens’ sub-ethnic national movement. The author uses an ethno-symbolic approach to the study of nationalism, focusing his attention on the role of symbols in the construction of ethnic identity. Special emphasis is put on the missionary activities of N. Ilminsky and V. Timofeyev as the first stage of Kryashens’ sub-ethnic national movement. The paper points to the fact that the Kryashen alphabet created by N. Ilminsky is based on the Cyrillic alphabet, and this has contributed to the formation of the Kryashen ethnic identity. Particular reference to “Kryashen language” as the historical symbol of the Kryashen sub-ethnic nationalism is according to the author’s classification of the symbols of Kryashens’ sub-ethnic national movement. Historical symbols are necessary first of all for the formation of the internal identity of an ethnic group, and they can be traced throughout all stages of the development of Kryashens’ sub-ethnic national movement. In conclusion, a special function of the symbolic identification of the “Kryashen language” for the modern Kryashen sub-ethnic national movement is singled out.