A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Different Forms of Orange Juice on Dental Plaque Ph

Aim: To study the acidogenic response in human dental plaque in vivo with fresh orange juice compared to orange fruit drink with no added sugar and regular orange fruit drink that were currently available in the market. Materials and Methods: Ninety subjects aged 18-30 years were allocated randomly into 3 groups. 10 ml of each experimental drink was given to the subjects in each group and instructed to keep in mouth for 2 minutes before swallowing. Intrinsic pH of the test drinks was measured by the Digital pH meter. Plaque pH was measured at the baseline, immediately after consumption and at 1,15 and 30minutes post consumption. Result: Inter group comparison by ANOVA showed significant difference among mean pH values and time intervals. There was significant drop in plaque pH in all the three groups after 1minute. Tropicana group showed drop in pH even after 30 minutes while in other two groups, pH returned to initial levels at the end of 30minutes. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that, plaque pH dropped rapidly after 1 minute of consumption of all the three fruit juices. Plaque pH returned to initial levels in two groups while in tropicana group, it declined.

Impact of front-of-pack labels on the perceived healthfulness of a sweetened fruit drink: a randomized experiment in 5 countries

Objective: Front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labeling is a globally-recommended strategy to encourage healthier food choices. We evaluated the effect of FOP labels on the perceived healthfulness of a sweetened fruit drink in an international sample of adult consumers. Design: Six-arm randomized controlled experiment to examine the impact of FOP labels (No label control, Guideline Daily Amounts (GDA), Multiple Traffic Lights (MTLs), the Health Star Ratings (HSR), Health Warning Labels (HWLs), and ‘High-in’ Warning Labels (HIWLs)) on the perceived healthfulness of the drink. Linear regression models by country examined healthfulness perceptions on FOP nutrition labels, testing for interactions by demographic characteristics. Setting: Online survey in 2018 among participants from Australia, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom (UK), and United States (US). Participants: Adults (18 years, n=22,140) Results: Compared to control, HIWLs had the greatest impact in lowering perceived healthfulness (Betas from -0.62 to -1.71) across all countries. The HIWL and the HSR had a similar effect in Australia. Other labels were effective in decreasing the perceived healthfulness of the drink within some countries only, but to a lower extent. The GDAs did not reduce perceived healthfulness in most countries. In the UK, the effect of HIWL differed by age group, with greater impact among older participants (>40y). There were no other variations across key demographic characteristics. Conclusions: HIWLs, which communicates clear, non-quantitative messages about high levels of nutrient of concern, demonstrated the greatest efficacy to decrease the perceived healthfulness of a sweetened fruit drink across countries. This effect was similar across demographic characteristics.

Biochemical value of berries of promising edible honeysuckle varieties for the production of functional food products

Lonicera edulis L. occupies a special place among sparsely distributed garden crops in the middle horticulture zone of Russia. The main advantages of the culture are its long maturation period, long fruiting period, high plasticity, value of the biochemical composition of berries. The paper presents experimental data on the biochemical composition of honeysuckle berries of the new generation introduced under the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region. Varieties with high levels of soluble dry substances, sugars, ascorbic acid, flavonols are noted. Prospects of obtaining functional food products using fresh honeysuckle fruits are considered. “Honeysuckle” fruit drink and low-calorie jams with high antioxidant activity are obtained.

Countermarketing About Fruit Drinks, Alone or With Water Promotion: A 2019 Randomized Controlled Trial in Latinx Parents

Objectives. To test whether fruit drink countermarketing messages alone or combined with water promotion messages reduce Latinx parents’ purchases of fruit drinks for children aged 0 to 5 years. Methods. We performed a 3-arm randomized controlled online trial enrolling 1628 Latinx parents in the United States during October and November 2019. We assessed the effect of culturally tailored fruit drink countermarketing messages (fruit drink‒only group), countermarketing and water promotion messages combined (combination group), or car-seat safety messages (control) delivered via Facebook groups for 6 weeks on parental beverage choices from a simulated online store. Results. The proportion of parents choosing fruit drinks decreased by 13.7 percentage points in the fruit drink‒only group (95% confidence interval [CI] = −20.0, −7.4; P < .001) and by 19.2 percentage points in the combination group (95% CI = −25.0, −13.4; P < .001) relative to control. Water selection increased in both groups. Conclusions. Fruit drink countermarketing messages, alone or combined with water promotion messages, significantly decreased parental selection of fruit drinks and increased water selection for their children. Public Health Implications. Countermarketing social media messages may be an effective and low-cost intervention for reducing parents’ fruit drink purchases for their children. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 28, 2021:e1–e11. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306488 )

Development and evaluation of whey based grapes and papaya drink

Whey is nutritious by-product of cheese industry which is dumped into fields, canals and rivers in Bangladesh. It has biological active peptides, proteins and other functional characteristics, due to which it could be used in different food products such as infant formula, beverages and sports nutrition products. Grapes and papaya are rich source of sugar, vitamins, bioactive compounds, dietary antioxidants and fructo-oligosaccharide. They improve the mineral absorption, decrease the serum cholesterol level and stimulate the intestinal microflora due to their prebiotic effects. The current study is being planned to develop low cost nutritive whey-based fruit drink in Bangladesh. Grapes and papaya will be added in the whey with different ratio for development of suitable drink. The drinks will be pasteurized or unpasteurized filled in bottles and keep in refrigerator for the period of 15 days. During storage drinks will be evaluated for physicochemical attributes (ash, pH, crude fat, crude protein, acidity, solid not fat, viscosity and total solids), Microbial (TVC and Coliform) and sensory evaluation (appearance, taste, flavor and over all acceptability) will also be came out during storage. Consequently, the obtained data will be analyzed statistically following two factors under CRD design.

Interdependence Relationships Between Sugar Intake and Sugary Drink Liking in Parent-Adolescent Dyads and Moderation by Adolescent Age and Dyad Sex

Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine if interdependence relationships between sugar from sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and sugary drink liking existed in parent-adolescent dyads and if relationships were moderated by adolescent age and dyad sex. Methods Dyadic survey data from the cross-sectional, Internet-based Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health and Eating Study, conducted in 2014 were analyzed using actor-partner interdependence models. Parents and adolescents (12–17 years) completed demographic, diet and physical activity surveys. The outcome variable, dietary intake, was measured using a 27-item dietary screener. Explanatory variables included: (1) fruit drink liking and soda liking measured separately on 5-point Likert type scales for actor (self) and partner; (2) adolescent age in years; (3) parent-adolescent sex (male or female); and (4) 2-way interactions between explanatory variables. Results Interdependence effects were present for fruit drink liking with higher liking associated with greater sugar from SSB intake for both actor and partner effects. Only actor effects were present for soda liking; higher liking was associated with greater sugar from SSB intake. Associations between sugar from SSB intake and all three liking effects (stronger actor effects for parents and stronger partner effect for adolescents), adolescent age (increasing adolescent intake for increasing age) and dyad sex (increased intake for males) differed between parents and adolescents. Dyad sex moderated actor effects for fruit drink liking with generally greater sugar from SSB intake as liking increased for male parent dyads while adolescent age moderated actor effects for soda liking with increasing intake for increasing age in strongly like group. Conclusions The findings of differential parent-adolescent interdependence on associations between sugary drink liking and sugar from SSB intake suggest that parents’ liking may play a more influential role in their own and their adolescents’ beverage choices than adolescents’ liking plays in their parents’ choices. Additionally, individuals with strong liking for sugary drinks may require more concerted effort to reduce their sugar intake. Funding Sources This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service.

Effect of commercially available sugar-sweetened beverages on subjective appetite and short-term food intake in girls

Background: The effect of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on satiety and short-term food intake (FI) regulation in girls has received little attention. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of pre-meal consumption of commercially available SSBs on subjective appetite and short-term FI in 9–14-year-old girls. The methods we used include using a randomized crossover design in which 28 girls consumed isovolumetric amounts (350 mL) of a fruit drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% chocolate milk (224 kcal), or water (control; 0 kcal) on four separate mornings. Subjective appetite and thirst were measured at regular intervals via visual analogue scales (VAS) and FI was assessed at 60 min post-beverage consumption. The results show that subjective appetite and thirst decreased after all beverages, but did not differ among beverages. Short-term FI was suppressed following consumption of chocolate milk (15%; p < 0.001) and cola (11%; p = 0.02) compared to the water control. However, cumulative energy intake (beverage (kcal) + test meal (kcal)) was not affected by beverage type. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola, but not fruit drink, suppressed FI in girls while cumulative FI did not differ among treatments.

Effect of commercially available sugar-sweetened beverages on subjective appetite and short-term food intake in girls

Background: The effect of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on satiety and short-term food intake (FI) regulation in girls has received little attention. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of pre-meal consumption of commercially available SSBs on subjective appetite and short-term FI in 9–14-year-old girls. The methods we used include using a randomized crossover design in which 28 girls consumed isovolumetric amounts (350 mL) of a fruit drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% chocolate milk (224 kcal), or water (control; 0 kcal) on four separate mornings. Subjective appetite and thirst were measured at regular intervals via visual analogue scales (VAS) and FI was assessed at 60 min post-beverage consumption. The results show that subjective appetite and thirst decreased after all beverages, but did not differ among beverages. Short-term FI was suppressed following consumption of chocolate milk (15%; p < 0.001) and cola (11%; p = 0.02) compared to the water control. However, cumulative energy intake (beverage (kcal) + test meal (kcal)) was not affected by beverage type. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola, but not fruit drink, suppressed FI in girls while cumulative FI did not differ among treatments.

Impact of nutrient warning labels on choice of ultra-processed food and drinks high in sugar, sodium, and saturated fat in Colombia: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveThis study assessed the impact of nutrient warning labels on product selection and ability to correctly identify less healthy products, among other outcomes, in Colombia. MethodsWe conducted an online randomized experiment among 8,061 Colombians in October 2020. Participants were assigned to a condition: nutrient warning, guideline daily amounts (GDA), Nutri-Score, or no-label. First, participants viewed two fruit drinks labeled according to their assigned condition, one with added sugar and one without, and indicated which they would prefer to buy and which was higher in sugar. Next, they viewed four food products with their assigned condition and answered questions. Finally, they selected which label type would most discourage them from consuming a specified ultra-processed food. ResultsFewer participants in the nutrient warning condition (20%) preferred to buy the added sugar fruit drink compared to 24% in the GDA condition (p<.01), 29% in the no-label condition, and 33% in the Nutri-Score condition (both, p<.001). More participants who saw the nutrient warning (88%) correctly identified the fruit drink higher in sugar compared to those who saw no-label (68%) or Nutri-Score (65%) (both, p<.001). In the GDA condition, 91% correctly identified the fruit drink higher in sugar compared to the nutrient warning condition (p<.01). Most participants (72%) selected the nutrient warning label as most discouraging. ConclusionsNutrient warning labels are a promising policy strategy to prevent obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases in Colombia. Future research should assess nutrient warning labels’ impact on actual food purchases in Colombia. Trial Registration: NCT04567004