CP-Violation in a composite 2-Higgs doublet model

We study CP-Violation (CPV) in a Composite 2-Higgs Doublet Model (C2HDM) based on the global symmetry breaking SO(6)/[SO(4) × SO(2)], wherein the strong sector is modeled by a two-site moose structure. Non-trivial complex phases in the interactions involving fermions in both the elementary and strong sectors can induce CPV in the Higgs potential as well as the Yukawa coupling parameters. We compute both of the latter and analyse their dependence upon the aforementioned complex phases. Finally, we discuss physics observables which are distinctive of this model. Even in the simplest case with only one complex phase in the strong sector we can get significant CPV effects.

IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NO AGRONEGÓCIO BRASILEIRO

In 2020, the world changed, experiencing a new scenario, resulting from the coronavirus pandemic, which spread rapidly, causing countless victims. This situation that still remains, caused a tragedy of epic proportions and, due to lack of preparation, especially on the part of health professionals, there were extreme measures, such as social isolation and the closing of borders in a desperate attempt to contain the spread of the disease. Due to this scenario, many business sectors were harmed, suffering losses and challenges, caused by the pandemic that spread quickly throughout the world. The present work aimed to present the challenges and impacts experienced by the Brazilian agribusiness in this coronavirus pandemic scenario. The study was carried out through bibliographical research based on articles, newspapers, magazines, coverage of texts posted on the internet and other wide and rapid dissemination means of virtual communication, which address the Covid-19 pandemic and its effects on this helping sector to sustain the Brazilian economy. Studies confirm that agribusiness in Brazil has once again proved to be a strong sector, showing good results amidst a period of economic downturn and numerous challenges in the face of the impacts of the pandemic.

String fragmentation in supercooled confinement and implications for dark matter

A strongly-coupled sector can feature a supercooled confinement transition in the early universe. We point out that, when fundamental quanta of the strong sector are swept into expanding bubbles of the confined phase, the distance between them is large compared to the confinement scale. We suggest a modelling of the subsequent dynamics and find that the flux linking the fundamental quanta deforms and stretches towards the wall, producing an enhanced number of composite states upon string fragmentation. The composite states are highly boosted in the plasma frame, which leads to additional particle production through the subsequent deep inelastic scattering. We study the consequences for the abundance and energetics of particles in the universe and for bubble-wall Lorentz factors. This opens several new avenues of investigation, which we begin to explore here, showing that the composite dark matter relic density is affected by many orders of magnitude.

تقييم واقع صناعة تصفية النفط في العراق

The oil refining industry in Iraq is one of the industries of strategic importance, and what these industries have been subjected to destruction, obsolescence and neglect in a way that led to the deterioration of oil products in quantity and quality, and in a manner that is not commensurate with Iraq's capabilities in the field of daily crude oil production, as well as its incompatibility with laws and standards. In addition to the inability of these industries to achieve self-sufficiency and resort to closing the gap through imports. The study assumes that rebuilding the oil refineries in Iraq on modern foundations commensurate with international environmental laws and standards, will contribute to achieving self-sufficiency in high-quality oil products and open new horizons for the refining industry. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which are the most important reasons for the decline in the production of refineries in Iraq, failure to implement investment projects for the oil refineries sector, reliance on old methods of liquidation, obsolescence of treatment units, neglect of maintenance and maintenance operations, and continuous stops due to the interruption of electrical current, and sabotage of some pipelines that transport crude oil to the refineries. The researcher recommended that the existence of a strong sector of refineries in Iraq capable of securing energy sources and achieving self-sufficiency, in addition to its ability to compete, that achieving this goal requires working on building new and modern refineries and rehabilitating old refineries to increase production capacities and obtain high-quality oil products to Iraq can compete in the global

Economic complexity and embedding of regional economies’ structures

The research focuses on the development of localized specialization and economic diversification theories. Our task is forecasting of the emergence of new strong sectors in the region. On the basis of probabilistic and statistical modeling the model which allows estimating the probability of appearing a new strong sector in the region taking into account characteristics of economic structure is constructed. The possibility of building such a model is based on the assumption that the emergence and development of sectors is largely determined by the evolution of past economic activity. The model uses the indicators of embedding structures of the strong sectors in the regional economies is introduced by the authors. These indicators are based on the probabilistic interpretation and properties of the elements of the matrix, by which economic complexity is estimated following the traditional approach. The probability of originating a strong sector in the structure for each region is estimated. Based on sorting the sectors according to the value of these probabilities and assessments of their potential contribution to socio-economic development expert assessment of the feasibility of developing a new strong sector in the region can be made. The results show that sectors’ introduction and generation in the regional economy is largely due to the evolution of the past economic activity.

Forecast of the appearance of new strong sectors in the regional economy based on a probabilistic model

The problem of forecasting the appearance of new strong sectors in the region shall be considered. Based on the methods of probabilistic and statistical modeling, a model has been built that makes it possible to assess the occurrence probability of a new strong sector in the region, taking into account the characteristics of the structure of the economy. The possibility of building such a model is based on the assumption that the appearance and development of sectors are largely due to the evolution of past economic activity. The model uses the indicators of nesting of structures of strong sectors of regional economies entered by the authors. These values are based on the probabilistic interpretation and properties of the matrix elements, which assesses the economic complexity, in accordance with the traditional approach. The condition for the appearance of a certain strong sector in the structure of the economy of a particular region with a probability exceeding 0.5 shall be obtained. This condition used to form a list of sectors recommended for priority development in the region. For each region in its structure, the occurrence probability of a specific sector as a strong one was estimated. On the basis of ordering the sectors by the value of these probabilities and assessing their potential contribution to socio-economic development, an expert assessment of the feasibility of developing a new strong sector in the region can be given. Research is focused on the development of theories of localized specialization and economic diversification.

Gauge Theories and the Standard Model

This chapter, Chaps. 10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_3 and 10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_4 present a self-contained introduction to the Standard Model of fundamental interactions, which describes in the unified framework of gauge quantum field theories all of the fundamental forces of nature but gravity: the strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions. This set of chapters thus provides both an introduction to the Standard Model, and to quantum field theory at an intermediate level. The union of the three chapters can be taken as a masters’ level course reference, and it requires as a prerequisite an elementary knowledge of quantum field theory, at the level of many introductory textbooks, such as Vol. 1 of Aitchison-Hey, or, at a somewhat more advanced level, Maggiore. The treatment is subdivided into three parts, each corresponding to an individual chapter, with more advanced field theory topics introduced along the way as needed. Specifically, this chapter presents the general structure of the Standard Model, its field content, and symmetry structure. This involves an introduction to non-abelian gauge theories both at the classical and quantum level. Also, it involves a discussion of spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Higgs mechanism, that play a crucial role in the architecture of the Standard Model, and their interplay with the quantization of gauge theories. Chapter 10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_3 then presents the electroweak sector of the Standard Model. This requires introducing the concepts of CP violation and mixing, and of radiative corrections. Finally, Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_4 presents the strong sector of the theory, which requires a more detailed treatment of renormalization and the renormalization group.

BUSINESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LEGAL REGULATION OF STATE SUPPORT

The article analyzes the legal regulation of state support for entrepreneurship. The author notes that during the years of the economy, states are increasingly affected by global financial crises, which exhaust them and force them to look for new ways to support, rational and economic use of budget funds. Large businesses adapt quickly to the challenges of crises, but small businesses do not always respond adequately to them and are the most vulnerable, since small businesses usually do not have the financial reserves to stay afloat and avoid bankruptcy. It is proved that small and medium-sized businesses have suffered significant losses due to the introduction of quarantine due to COVID-19. the experience of Canada is analyzed, in particular, one of the components of its global economic success is a strong sector of small and medium-sized businesses. The conclusion is made about the need for effective state support, as well as in financial, small businesses, creating unfavorable conditions and a healthy competitive environment, unfavorable investments, innovations, tax and price regime and ensuring your protection during the financial crisis. It is proved that in the period 2020-2021, measures were taken to develop the strengthening of enterprises by increasing the organizational capabilities of organizations, supporting the transfer of knowledge and technologies, modernizing the existing infrastructure to support joint ventures by participating in international educational and training programs. It is noted that in order for the state to improve financial regulation of enterprises, first of all, Ukraine needs to continue to strengthen its institutional base to create favorable conditions for the growth of medium-sized businesses.

Have you chosen your request? Analysis of online food delivery companies in Brazil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to characterize the performance of online food delivery companies in Brazil and to analyze the content of the websites of these companies with a view to its use as a site for conducting business transactions. Design/methodology/approach This paper used a qualitative and exploratory approach through the collection and analysis of data from a sample of 30 companies operating in the online delivery sector in Brazil. Reviews of their websites have also been conducted through parameters involving aspects of content, usability and functionality. Findings The Brazilian main platforms received large foreign investment, growing with the acquisition of companies, making them market leaders. There was a greater presence of these companies on social networks, publicizing and interacting with their customers, increasing business visibility and attracting new prospects. The results of the sites analysis showed that the dimension “content” was the one with the highest incidence of attendance, followed by the dimension “functionality” and then the dimension “usability.” The downside was the access security parameter since only 54 percent of websites showed the use of encryption capabilities and secure site. Originality/value The online delivery service is growing rapidly, bringing together innovation and convenience to their customers, coupled with ease of access to mobile phones and internet, that contributed toward the emergence of a large number of platforms that offer this service in Brazil; despite being a relatively new service, its growth was accompanied by a strong sector consolidation process and by the creation of large groups supported by international capital.