Ethnopolitical views of Grigory Ivanovich Borisov (Stary)

Grigory Ivanovich Borisov, party alias Stary (Old) was born in the Bendery district of Bessarabia on December 9, 1880. He was forced to work from the age of seven. Since 1900, G. I. Stary took part in the revolutionary movement. For active participation in clandestine activities, he was repeatedly arrested by the police and served sentences in various prisons of tsarist Russia. G. I. Stary made a great contribution to the creation and development of the Moldovan ASSR. In 1924, he was appointed chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee of the Autonomous Republic. Then G. I. Stary was elected chairman of the Central Executive Committee. In 1926–1928 and 1932–1937, he worked as chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of the MASSR. Contemporaries assessed his position on the issue of “Moldovans or Romanians” as ambivalent. G. I. Stary denied accusations of opposing the indigenous policy: “It is wrong that I am against Moldovanization. I only take into account the difficulties, and this is taken as resistance”. He was repressed in 1937 and rehabilitated in 1955. The article was written on the basis of materials from the Soviet secret police (NKVD) archive.

REFORMA DE COSTUMES: EDUCAÇÃO E CATEQUESE PARA ÍNDIOS

This article seeks to present a historical discussion on the Pombaline Directory, seeking to reflect on the indigenous implantation in the second half of the 18th century. The text intends to analyze the paragraphs that refer to a “reform of customs” in the indigenous colonial populations. In particular, it seeks to present a historical discussion on Decree no. 426 - of July 24, 1845, which contains Regulation on the Missions of Catechesis and Civilization of the Indians seeking to discuss and present some relevant aspects of how the policy of Catechesis and civilization of the Indians took place. It is intended to analyze the paragraphs that refer to a form of domination based on Catholic evangelization and to dialogue with the Pombaline Directory regarding the indigenous policy present in the country.

Municipal-Indigenous Relations in Ontario: Initiatives in Brantford, Hamilton, and Niagara

The relationship between local government and urban Indigenous Peoples in Ontario is understudied, even though over half of Canada’s Indigenous population live in urban centres, one in five of Canada’s Indigenous population live in Ontario, and the Six Nations of the Grand River has the largest reserve population in Canada. Brantford, Hamilton, and Niagara were selected to build on previous research that mapped Municipal-Indigenous relations in seven municipalities across Canada. Studies regarding Municipal-Indigenous relations indicate the degree of inclusion of Indigenous Peoples in policy processes is as unique as each municipality. Some municipalities are urban Indigenous policy innovators with formal mechanisms for Indigenous inclusion in policy processes while others lag. An investigation of three Ontario municipalities is pivotal in partially supporting the finding that larger urban centres with proportionately smaller Indigenous populations are moving toward substantive Indigenous relationship building when compared to smaller municipalities with proportionately higher Indigenous populations.

Features of Formation and Coronization of the State Apparatus in the Context of National Construction in the Northern Caucasus in 1920s — 1930s

The article examines the features of the policy of the indigenization of the state apparatus in the national autonomies of the North Caucasus in the 1920s — 1930s. Based on the analysis of the achievements of modern historiography, as well as a wide range of archival documents, the main tasks, directions and stages of the indigenization of state authorities are highlighted. The emphasis is on studying the specifics of the indigenization of the lower Soviet apparatus — village councils and aul councils, which were considered as the basis of Soviet power in the North Caucasus. The article substantiates the position that the process of Soviet construction and the indigenization of the lower Soviet authorities in the mountain autonomies had an identical character. It is emphasized that the indigenous policy was of an applied nature and was the most important component of the state strategy of nation-building in the region. Its essence consisted in the promotion of national personnel to managerial and technical positions in the state apparatus and the translation of office work into national languages. It is noted that the process of indigenization proceeded unevenly, had different dynamics and faced a number of difficulties due to local cultural, social and everyday characteristics. It is shown that in the 1920s. the indigenization of the state apparatus had a political implication and was aimed at ensuring the loyalty of the peoples of the North Caucasus to the Soviet regime. In the 1930s. the policy of indigenization acquires a pronounced class character, which leads to a decrease in its dynamics and a gradual curtailment.

An Indigenous Research Methodology That Employs Anishinaabek Elders, Language Speakers and Women’s Knowledge for Sustainable Water Governance

Indigenous research paradigms are congruent to Indigenous worldviews and have become more dominant in areas such as Indigenous policy and education. As Indigenous research paradigms continue to gain momentum, the historical legacy of unethical research is addressed as more Indigenous communities and organizations develop their own research protocols. There is a plethora of articles explaining Indigenous research methodologies, but few examine the inclusion of the knowledge from Elders, language speakers, and Indigenous women in sustainable water governance. My Indigenous research methodology draws on the works of Indigenous scholars Shawn Wilson, Linda Smith, and Margaret Kovach, with specific focus on Wendy Geniusz’s Biskaabiiyang. My Indigenous research methodology is specific to the Anishinaabe territory of the Great Lakes region and includes Anishinaabek Elders, Anishinaabemowin (Ojibway language) speakers, and Anishinaabek women. This article seeks to contribute to Indigenous research paradigms and methods by elucidating the importance of engaging Anishinaabek Elders, Anishinaabemowin speakers, and Anishinaabek women in sustainable water governance.