Women to the Placards! The Socio-economic Situation of Female Choreographers in the Male World of Ballet Art

The ballet environment is very specific – hermetic and small. Analysing the history and literature of ballet as well as looking at the contemporary repertoire of leading ballet companies, it is easy to notice the numerous domination of women, which does not determine their dominance in the creative (choreography) and management sphere. In Poland, in the season 2019/2020, 6 out of 9 largest, primer ballet companies are headed by men. As research has shown, it is the male gender that has been dominating in choreography for years, constituting the spectacles shown on the stages and, as a result, the ballet heritage. The article Women tothe placards! The socio-economic situation of female choreographers in the male world of ballet art shed light on the labour market of Polish choreographers working in leading ballet companies, pointing out the prevailing inequalities between men and women who are involved in ballet choreography. In this study, I apply the methods of social sciences (documentary evidence analysis – repertoire and labour force of 9 primer Polish ballet companies in the season 2019/2020), I analyse the data collected during the study Estimation of the number of artists, creators and performers in Poland (Ilczuk et al. 2018), whilst cultural economics is the theoretical framework of my study. This theoretical-methodical base allowed me to expose the inequalities, potential causes and dependencies that exist on the labour market of artists creating ballet choreographies. An immanent feature of this market is the deficit of women.

Cultural security within the European Union in terms of selected conditions of the cultural economics

The subject of the article is cultural security analyzed from the perspective of the economics of such security, and more broadly cultural economics. The analysis is based on statistical data published by Eurostat, reports from this statistical institution, and a critical analysis of scientific literature. The considerations aim to comparatively analyze trends and phenomena occurring in relation to selected spheres of cultural economics and cultural security in EU countries in 2011-2018. The article establishes that the selected economic conditions formed after 2011 may have positively impacted the state of cultural security in EU countries. That was primarily determined by the increase in employment in the cultural sector, the promotion of sustainable employment based on gender parity, and the continually increasing number of enterprises offering access to cultural goods and services. The disparities between EU countries in household expenditure on culture were a weakening factor.

The role of the cultural economics in the development of Bulgarian wine tourism

The author of this report examines basic concepts in the field of wine tourism. The main theoretical ideas, embedded in the cultural economics, aim to represent the dynamics of economic and cultural processes in the tourism industry. The first part of the report outlines thematic assumptions about the role of culture and economy in the wine industry as prerequisites for the development of wine tourism. Therefore, aspects of the emotional, practical and intellectual experience of wine cultural landscapes are analyzed using theoretical statements in the cultural economics. The thematic study summarizes the result of the current cultural and economic situation of wine tourism in relation to Bulgarian natural and anthropogenic tourism resources.

Cultural Economics: The State of the Art and Perspectives

The intellectual development of cultural economics has exhibited some notable similarities to the challenges faced by researchers pioneering in other areas of economics. While this is not really surprising, previous reviews of this literature have not focused on such patterns. Specifically, the methodology and normative implications of the field of industrial organization and antitrust policy suggest a series of stages identified here as foundation, maturation, reevaluation, and backlash that suggest a way of viewing the development of and controversies surrounding cultural economics. Also, the emerging field of sports economics, which already shares some substantive similarities to the questions addressed in cultural economics, presents a pattern of development by which core questions and principles are identified in a fragmented literature, which then slowly coalesces and becomes consolidated into a more unified literature that essentially reconfirms and extends those earlier core principles. This fragmentation and consolidation pattern is also exhibited by the development of cultural economics. While others could surely suggest different parallels in the search for such developmental patterns, this way of organizing ones thinking about the past and future of this field provides a hoped for alternative perspective on the state of the art of cultural economics.

Estimating literary translators’ earnings penalty

Seeking to fill the gap in economics-related research in the subfield of translator studies, this article aims to identify the best approach to estimate the earnings penalty and forgone income of Iranian professional literary translators. The data were collected through interviews with 118 Iranian professional literary translators. A multiple regression analysis done to estimate the translators’ annual income equation shows that male Tehran-based literary translators who have no other jobs and spent less time on higher education earn more than their colleagues who are female, do not live in Tehran, have other jobs, and spent more time on higher education. However, the multiple regression analysis for estimating the average forgone income equation of the interviewees indicates that the more experience and the fewer award jury/editorial board memberships female non-Tehran-based literary translators have, the more they suffer from earnings penalties. Building on these findings, the article highlights the implications of cultural economics research for translator studies.

Folklore*

Folklore is the collection of traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community passed through the generations by word of mouth. We introduce to economics a unique catalogue of oral traditions spanning approximately 1,000 societies. After validating the catalogue’s content by showing that the groups’ motifs reflect known geographic and social attributes, we present two sets of applications. First, we illustrate how to fill in the gaps and expand upon a group’s ethnographic record, focusing on political complexity, high gods, and trade. Second, we discuss how machine learning and human-classification methods can help shed light on cultural traits, using gender roles, attitudes towards risk, and trust as examples. Societies with tales portraying men as dominant and women as submissive tend to relegate their women to subordinate positions in their communities, both historically and today. More risk-averse and less entrepreneurial people grew up listening to stories where competitions and challenges are more likely to be harmful than beneficial. Communities with low tolerance towards antisocial behavior, captured by the prevalence of tricksters getting punished, are more trusting and prosperous today. These patterns hold across groups, countries, and second-generation immigrants. Overall, the results highlight the significance of folklore in cultural economics, calling for additional applications.