A Morphological and Histological Investigation of the Sinus Interdigitalis in Konya Merino Sheep

In the study, it was aimed to reveal the morphological, morphometric and histological characteristics of sinus interdigitalis found in the fore and hind feet of Konya merino sheep. For this purpose, the fore and hind feet of 10 Konya merino sheep, weighing between 44-79 kg, were used. Sinus interdigitalis were dissected out from the feet, and after morphometric measurements were made, morphological examinations were performed and photographed. The shape of the sinus interdigitalis, present in all the forefeet and hind feet, resembled a pipe consisting of neck and body. It was determined that the neck part was longer than the body at all feet. The inner surface of the gland was covered with hair, and there was more hair on the neck than on the body. The weight of the gland, body length and diameter, flexura, canal length and diameter were measured morphometrically. In the measurements made, it was determined that all the values of the forefeet were higher than the hind feet. In histological examination, it was found that the wall of the sinus interdigitalis consists of three layers: epidermis, dermis and fibrous capsule, and in the dermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, m. arrector pili and sweat glands were found.

EVALUATON OF CALCAR GRAFTING IN HIP HEMIARTHROPLASTY FOR COMMINUTED INTER-TROCHANTERIC FEMUR FRACTURES IN ELDERLY

Introduction: Treating intertrochanteric fractures in elderly with osteosynthesis is challenging, and is attributed to multiple factors like poor bone stock, difcult fracture pattern, and non orthopaedic complications arising due to periods of recumbency associated with internal xation. Hip replacement has come forward as a viable option for treating these cases, but it has its own share of difculties, such as limb length discrepancy, implant subsidence, long term implant stability and a greater cost. This study aimed at evaluating the utility if calcar strut grafting in dealing with these issues. Material And Methods: A total of 30 patients, with age more than 60 years, with comminuted intertrochanteric fractures, with postero-medial bone deciency, were treated with hemiarthroplasty, with augmentation with calcar strut grafting. The graft was prepared from the calcar region of the head and neck part of the femur and placed between the decient medial femoral cortex and medial edge of the implant. Result: In 24 out of the 30 patients, the graft got incorporated at its place without displacement. Shortening was seen in 4 patients, of which 2 reported a shortening of more than 2 centimetres. Conclusion: We can concludethat hemiarthroplasty has come forward as a viable and safe treatment modality for management of comminuted inter-trochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Calcar grafting as described here is useful in minimizing the subsidence of the implant and in maintaining the limb length, it facilitates early rehabilitation and quicker return normal activities

Histomorphological and Cytochemical Characters of Endocrine Cells of the Gastrointestinal Mucosa of Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Background: It is known that balance diet is the key success for better production in poultry. The digestive physiology is regulated by the neurocrine and endocrine secretions. Growth, secretion, motility, cell signalling, vasoregulation, cell proliferation and differentiation of the epithelial cells of the alimentary canal are reported to be controlled by the peptides or amines released from the gut endocrine cells and enteric neurons. References particularly on systematic study of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in duck as regards to histomorphology and cytochemistry are gravely scanty. Hence the present investigation envisages authenticating the histomorphological characters and cytochemical behaviour of the gastrointestinal endocrine cells in duck.Methods: For this study the abdomen of six Khaki campbell ducks from either sex was cut open following euthanasia. Tissue pieces from different segments of gut were collected and processed routinely to get 7-8µ thick serial paraffin sections. The tissue sections were stained for evaluation of histomorphological and histochemical characters of the entero-endocrine cells.Result: A panel of seven cytochemical stains identified nine endocrine cell types in the digestive mucosa of Khaki Campbell duck i.e. basally granulated oval cell, densely granulated spindle shaped cell, densely granulated oval cell, diffusely granulated oval cell, pyramidal cell, densely granulated elongated cell, densely granulated pyriform cell, peripherally granulated spherical cell and non-argentaffin chromaffin oval cell. The cells occurred in single or in small clusters in the basal or middle or neck part of glandular epithelium or in the surface epithelium. All the endocrine cells were ‘close type’. Cytochemically they were four types i.e. argentaffin, argyrophil, chromaffin and APUD (Amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MICROBIOM OF THE NECK REGION OF THE TEETH IN THE EXPERIMENTAL ACTION OF OPIOID, ITS CANCELLATION AND APPLICATION OF CEFTRIAXONE AS A COMPOSITION OF COMPLEX MEDICAL CORRECTION

The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota in the neck part of the teeth in the gingival margin of the oral cavity of rats under experimental opioid exposure, its cancellation and comprehensive drug correction using an antibacterial drug. The use of the antibiotic ceftriaxone under conditions of two- and six-week administration of the opioid analgesic nalbuphine, caused the elimination or reduction of the quantitative composition of opportunistic and pathogenic bacterial species, in contrast to the identified changes in the microbiocenosis in the studied microbiotope. antibiotic therapy in the experiment.

THE COMPOSITION OF THE MICROBIOTES OF THE NECK PART OF THE TEETH IN THE AREA OF THE GUM EDGE OF RATS AT THE END OF THE SECOND, FOURTH AND SIXTH WEEKS OF OPIOID INFLUENCE

The aim of the study was to investigate the microbiota in the cervical part of the teeth in the gingival margin of the oral cavity of rats at the end of the second, fourth and sixth weeks of the experimental action of the opioid analgesic nalbuphine. Under the action of opioids for six weeks, changes in the microbiocenosis in the studied subbiotope of the oral cavity of animals were found, which manifested themselves in the early stages by the appearance of gram-negative anaerobes, gradual increase in opportunistic pathogens, formation of dental biofilm experiment.