scholarly journals THE COMPOSITION OF THE MICROBIOTES OF THE NECK PART OF THE TEETH IN THE AREA OF THE GUM EDGE OF RATS AT THE END OF THE SECOND, FOURTH AND SIXTH WEEKS OF OPIOID INFLUENCE

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fik V. B. ◽  
Fedechko Y. M. ◽  
Palʹtov Ye. V.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Neck Part

The aim of the study was to investigate the microbiota in the cervical part of the teeth in the gingival margin of the oral cavity of rats at the end of the second, fourth and sixth weeks of the experimental action of the opioid analgesic nalbuphine. Under the action of opioids for six weeks, changes in the microbiocenosis in the studied subbiotope of the oral cavity of animals were found, which manifested themselves in the early stages by the appearance of gram-negative anaerobes, gradual increase in opportunistic pathogens, formation of dental biofilm experiment.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MICROBIOM OF THE NECK REGION OF THE TEETH IN THE EXPERIMENTAL ACTION OF OPIOID, ITS CANCELLATION AND APPLICATION OF CEFTRIAXONE AS A COMPOSITION OF COMPLEX MEDICAL CORRECTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fik V. B. ◽  
Fedechko Y.M. ◽  
Palʹtov Ye. V.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Gingival Margin ◽  
Neck Part

The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota in the neck part of the teeth in the gingival margin of the oral cavity of rats under experimental opioid exposure, its cancellation and comprehensive drug correction using an antibacterial drug. The use of the antibiotic ceftriaxone under conditions of two- and six-week administration of the opioid analgesic nalbuphine, caused the elimination or reduction of the quantitative composition of opportunistic and pathogenic bacterial species, in contrast to the identified changes in the microbiocenosis in the studied microbiotope. antibiotic therapy in the experiment.

ASPECTOS ANTROPOLÓGICOS, BIOQUÍMICOS, MICROBIOLÓGICOS E CLÍNICOS DO CÁLCULO DENTÁRIO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Hirata Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Dental Biofilm

Resumo: O cálculo dentário é uma estrutura calcificada a partir do biofilme dentário (placa bacteriana) que, após o seu estabelecimento, é de difícil remoção e constitui um mecanismo de patogenicidade importante em diversas situações patológicas da cavidade oral por estar sempre coberto por uma camada viável de biofilme não mineralizada. A presente revisão de literatura releva a importância dos biofilmes calcificados nos contextos de doença, seus aspectos clínicos e microbiológicos em tempos anciães e contemporâneos, e sobre as medidas terapêuticas e preventivas. Apesar de todo conhecimento gerado sobre as doenças da cavidade oral, ainda são limitadas as abordagens clínicas a respeito dos mecanismos de controle dos cálculos dentários.Abstract: Dental calculus is a calcified structure from the dental biofilm (plaque), which, after its establishment, is difficult to remove and constitutes an important mechanism of pathogenicity in various pathological situations of the oral cavity because it is always covered by a viable layer of non-mineralized biofilm. The present literature highlights the importance of calcified biofilms in disease contexts, clinical and microbiological of dental calculus aspects in ancient and contemporary eras, and in therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite all the knowledge generated about the diseases of the oral cavity, the clinical approaches regarding the mechanisms of control of dental calculus still need investigations.Palavras Chave: Cálculo dentário, Calcificação do biofilme, Higiene oralKey words: Dental calculus, Biofilm calcification, Oral hygiene

scholarly journals An Application of Imipenem Discs or P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 Reference Strain Increases Sensitivity of Carbapenem Inactivation Method for Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Tomasz Bogiel ◽  
Mateusz Rzepka ◽  
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Keyword(s):  
Human Population ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Reliable Diagnostic Method

Non-fermenting Gram-negative rods are one of the most commonly isolated bacteria from human infections. These microorganisms are typically opportunistic pathogens that pose a serious threat to public health due to possibility of transmission in the human population. Resistance to beta-lactams, due to carbapenemases synthesis, is one of the most important antimicrobial resistance mechanisms amongst them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Carbapenem Inactivation Method (CIM), and its modifications, for the detection of carbapenemase activity amongst non-fermenting Gram-negative rods. This research involved 81 strains of Gram-negative rods. Of the tested strains, 55 (67.9%) synthesized carbapenemases. For non-fermenting rods, 100% sensitivity and specificity was obtained in the version of the CIM test using imipenem discs and E. coli ATCC 25922 strain. The CIM test allows for differentiation of carbapenems resistance mechanisms resulting from carbapenemase synthesis from other resistance types. It is a reliable diagnostic method for the detection of carbapenemase activity amongst non-fermenting Gram-negative rods. Application of imipenem discs and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 reference strain increases CIM results sensitivity, while imipenem discs and E. coli ATCC 25922 strain use maintains full precision of the test for non-fermenting rods.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori colonization and oral health in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Vasile Valeriu LUPU ◽  
◽  
Gabriela PĂDURARU ◽  
Anca ADAM ◽  
Ana-Maria DĂBULEANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Standard Triple Therapy ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a microaerophilic gram-negative bacterium infecting approximately one half of the world’s population. The oral cavity and dental plaque may be a reservoir for H. pylori infection. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children differs from that of adults. Although H. pylori has long been known to be detected in the oral cavity, the significance of such findings are controversial. Oral H. pylori may play an important role in re-infection of the gastric mucosa. The gold standard for eradicating H. pylori infection is standard triple therapy. The studies have shown promising results in the management of both oral and gastric H. pylori.

Dental Plaque Concentrations of Methadone, Morphine and Their Metabolites in Opioid Replacement Therapy and in Post-Mortem Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Henkel ◽  
Miriam Klima ◽  
Volker Auwärter ◽  
Markus J Altenburger ◽  
Merja A Neukamm
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Intravenous Application ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Opioid Replacement Therapy

Abstract Non-mineralized dental biofilm (plaque) has potential as novel alternative matrix in forensic toxicology to prove drug use. The incorporation of illicit and medicinal drugs in dental plaque could take place through direct contact after oral or nasal intake, which can lead to high drug levels in the oral cavity, or indirectly via the secretion of drug-containing saliva, e.g. after intravenous application. Therefore, plaque samples from patients in opioid replacement therapy (ORT) and post-mortem plaque samples were analyzed and the drug concentrations were compared. The study comprised 26 plaque samples from ORT patients with different daily doses which were analyzed for methadone, morphine and their respective metabolites. Plaque samples were taken directly before the oral administration of the regular daily dose. Seventeen post-mortem plaque samples were analyzed, either from cases of lethal drug intoxications or after pain therapy with morphine. Plaque analysis was performed using LC-MS/MS after liquid extraction with acetonitrile. Plaque concentrations in ORT for methadone and its metabolite EDDP ranged from 42 to approx. 49,000 pg/mg (median 1,300 pg/mg) and from below 10 to 610 pg/mg (median 31 pg/mg), respectively. Morphine plaque concentrations in ORT ranged from 120 to 480 pg/mg (median 400 pg/mg). In lethal intoxication cases plaque concentrations were generally at least one order of magnitude higher than in the study groups with therapeutic substance use. This data will help to interpret drug findings in plaque. Additionally, the EDDP/methadone concentration ratio in plaque was lower after oral intake with contamination of the oral cavity (e.g. syrup) compared to cases with suspected intravenous application of methadone and could therefore indicate the drug administration route.

Identifying clinically important Gram-negative anaerobes from the oral cavity

1999 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnsteinn Haraldsson ◽  
W. Peter Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Gram Negative

scholarly journals Multifrequency Monitoring of the Blazar PKS 2005-489

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Rector ◽  
Eric Perlman ◽  
Rita Sambruna ◽  
Greg Madejski ◽  
Frederik Rantakyro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Quiescent State ◽  
Spectral Variability ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monitoring Campaign ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Complex Flux

AbstractWe present a multifrequency monitoring campaign of PKS 2005–489, a bright and highly variable blazar. Simultaneous observations were completed over a 13 day period in the X-ray with RXTE, in the optical at the CTIO 0.9 m telescope, at TeV energies with CANGAROO-II, and at submillimetre wavelengths with SEST. Previous multiwavelength monitoring campaigns of PKS 2005–489 and other blazars have found complex flux and spectral variability behaviour, with different modes and timescales from days to hours and shorter.PKS 2005–489 was observed in transition from a quiescent state into the early stages of a flare. A gradual increase in flux density was observed at optical and X-ray wavelengths during 19–27 August 2000, and a dramatic increase in X-ray emission was observed starting on 2 September 2000. Intraday and spectral variability were not detected during the campaign.

scholarly journals Trends of 9,416 multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Decicera Colombo Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Góngora Rubio ◽  
Margarete Teresa Gottardo Almeida ◽  
Mara Corrêa Lelles Nogueira ◽  
Antonio Carlos Campos Pignatari
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Bacterial Sensitivity ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Summary Objective: a resistance of hospital-acquired bacteria to multiple antibiotics is a major concern worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria, clinical specimens, origin of specimen and trends, and correlate these with bacterial sensitivity and consumption of antimicrobials. Methods: 9,416 bacteria of nosocomial origin were evaluated in a tertiary hospital, from 1999 to 2008. MDR was defined for Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) as resistance to two or more classes/groups of antibiotics. Results: GNB MDR increased by 3.7 times over the study period (p<0.001). Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent (36.2%). Over the study period, there were significant 4.8-fold and 14.6-fold increases for A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae (p<0.001), respectively. Sixty-seven percent of isolates of MDR GNB were isolated in intensive care units. The resistance of A. baumannii to carbapenems increased from 7.4 to 57.5% during the study period and concomitant with an increased consumption. Conclusion: that decade showed prevalence of GNB and a gradual increase in MDR GNB. There was an increase in carbapenem resistance of 50.1% during the study.

Gram-negative enteric bacteria in the oral cavity of leukemia patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Galili ◽  
Avigdor Donitza ◽  
Adi Garfunkel ◽  
Michael N. Sela
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative
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