Analysis of Resource Moment Approach and Release & Rehire Approach for Resource Optimization in Construction Project

Building approaches frequently produce schedules which induce undesired, cost-effective resource variations in the field. Two sorts of situational limitations and resource restrictions occur often with a project manager. The resources for carrying out the tasks are required for a project. These resources comprise the necessary effort, equipment and supplies. The resources in the ideal world are infinite but typically not endless throughout the real world, and the project team needs to level off resource usage. Keywords: Resource, Levelling, Resource moment, Minimum moment method, RRH

Development of advanced linearized gyrokinetic collision operators using a moment approach

The derivation and numerical implementation of a linearized version of the gyrokinetic (GK) Coulomb collision operator (Jorge et al., J. Plasma Phys., vol. 85, 2019, 905850604) and of the widely used linearized GK Sugama collision operator (Sugama et al., Phys. Plasmas, vol. 16, 2009, 112503) is reported. An approach based on a Hermite–Laguerre moment expansion of the perturbed gyrocentre distribution function is used, referred to as gyromoment expansion. This approach allows the considering of arbitrary perpendicular wavenumber and expressing the two linearized GK operators as a linear combination of gyromoments where the expansion coefficients are given by closed analytical expressions that depend on the perpendicular wavenumber and on the temperature and mass ratios of the colliding species. The drift-kinetic (DK) limits of the GK linearized Coulomb and Sugama operators are also obtained. Comparisons between the gyromoment approach and the DK Coulomb and GK Sugama operators in the continuum GK code GENE are reported, focusing on the ion-temperature-gradient instability and zonal flow damping, finding an excellent agreement. It is confirmed that stronger collisional damping of the zonal flow residual by the Sugama GK model compared with the GK linearized Coulomb (Pan et al., Phys. Plasmas, vol. 27, 2020, 042307) persists at higher collisionality. Finally, we show that the numerical efficiency of the gyromoment approach increases with collisionality, a desired property for boundary plasma applications.

A new approach of estimating the galactic thermal dust and synchrotron polarized emission template in the microwave bands

ABSTRACT The Internal Linear Combination (ILC) method has been extensively used to extract the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy map from foreground contaminated multifrequency maps. However, the performance of simple ILC is limited and can be significantly improved by heavily constraint equations, dubbed constrained ILC (cILC). The standard ILC and cILC work on spin-0 fields. Recently, a generalised version of ILC has been developed, named polarization ILC (PILC), in which Q ± iU at multiple frequencies are combined using complex coefficients to estimate Stokes Q and U maps. A statistical moment expansion method has recently been developed for high-precision modelling of the galactic foregrounds. This paper develops a semiblind component separation method combining the moment approach of foreground modelling with a generalised version of the PILC method for heavily constraint equations. The algorithm is developed in pixel space over a spin-2 field. We demonstrate the performance of the method on three sets of absolutely calibrated simulated maps at WMAP and Planck frequencies with varying foreground models. We apply this component separation technique in simultaneous estimation of Stokes Q and U maps of the thermal dust at 353 GHz and synchrotron at 30 GHz. We also recover both dust and synchrotron maps at 100 and 143 GHz, where separating two components is challenging.

Effect of Morphology Parameter Determination on Contact Behavior of Rock Joints under Compressive Loading

The closure behavior of rock joints is of critical importance to the study of hydromechanical behaviors and geophysical properties of jointed rock masses. Theoretical contact models, used to predict the relations of normal stress versus closure deformation, rely on morphology parameters of rock joint as the input parameters. The relevance of the contact models depends on the inherent assumptions and the accuracy with which the input parameters are determined. In the present study, morphology parameters of three rock joints are determined by the spectral moment approach and peak identification method, respectively. The differences are found to vary significantly depending on the selected method. The phenomenon would be related to the definition of an asperity peak on joint profile. The spectral method only considers the so-called asperity peaks, while the deterministic approach further accounts for the asperity shoulders. Finally, the morphology parameters determined by the two methods are treated as the input parameters of a validated theoretical model. The comparisons between the theoretical curves and the experimental results indicate that parameters determined by the deterministic method would be more reliable.

A Comparative Study on Asperity Peak Modeling Methods

The peak identification scheme based method (three-point definition) and the spectral moments based method (spectral moment approach) are both widely used for asperity peak modeling in tribology. To discover the differences between the two methods, a great number of rough surface profile samples with various statistical distributions are first randomly generated using FFT. Then the distribution parameters of asperity peaks are calculated for the generated samples with both methods. The obtained results are compared and verified by experiment. The variation rules of the differences between the two methods with statistical characteristics of rough surfaces are investigated. To explain for the discovered differences, the assumptions by spectral moment approach that the joint distribution of surface height, slope and curvature is normal and that the height distribution of asperities is Gaussian, are examined. The results show that it is unreasonable to assume a joint normal distribution without inspecting the correlation pattern of [z], [z′] and [z′′], and that the height distribution of asperities is not exactly Gaussian before correlation length of rough surface increases to a certain extent, 20 for instance.

A new 2-moment microphysical scheme for studying hail initiation and growth: schemes comparison

<p>Southwestern France is an important wine region where hail-producing storms could cause considerable economic loss. To study the initiation and growth of hailstone, a new microphysical scheme based on the LIMA (Liquid, Ice, Multiple Aerosols, Vié et al., 2016) has been developed. The original LIMA only contains two-moment scheme for rain water, cloud water, and ice crystal. Whereas, the other ice hydrometeors are described by a single-moment scheme. The new scheme adds a full two-moment framework to snow, graupel, and hailstone, thus allowing a better representation of the microphysical processes than the original partial two-moment approach could offer. An idealized severe storm case has been simulated and have been used to evaluate the performance of the single-moment ICE3 scheme, the partial two-moment LIMA scheme, and the new full two-moment scheme in reproducing the evolution of observed hail-producing storm cases. The difference as well as similarity in modeled structures of the storms including hailstone development by different microphysics schemes and using different aerosol loadings are examined and will be presented.</p>