Integrating Economic Value of Environmental Services and Carbon Stock: A Case Study from Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park

As a conservation area, national parks play essential roles in environmental services provision and have the potential to support the REDD+ program. This study aims to estimate appropriate incentives for national parks based on carbon units by integrating the economic value of environmental services and carbon stock provided by the lowland dry forest ecosystem in Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park (BNWNP) consisted of North Sulawesi and Gorontalo areas. Carbon stock was estimated by establishing sample plots, including five carbon pools. While the economic valuation of environmental services includes biodiversity using the market approach, ecotourism using the zonal travel cost method, and water service using simulation water regulation services method and market approach. The total ecosystem carbon stock in BNWNP is estimated at 73.67 Mton. Meanwhile, the estimation of the economic value of environmental services is about IDR 70.57 trillion. Based on these results, the appropriate carbon values are IDR 683,308 and IDR 1,304,238 per ton carbon for the lowland dry forest ecosystem in Gorontalo and North Sulawesi areas. This result indicates that given its essential environmental services, the incentive for protecting national parks may exceed the carbon value used in result-based payment scheme in REDD+ initiatives that have been implemented.

The Effect of Hybrid Attributes on Property Prices

This study focuses on the sales comparison and the adjustment grid methods, under the framework of the market approach to valuation. The literature mostly focuses on the structural qualities of the properties, referring to the buildings and their locational characteristics, which pertain to their positioning within the urban fabric. Here we focus on a particular set of attributes which depend on how a building is placed in a specific land plot and relate to the surrounding environment. The term «hybrid» is used to identify this class of attributes. It is shown that hybrid attributes affect property prices and should not be disregarded by practitioners and appraisers. The role played by hybrid characteristics is analyzed based on the methodological foundation of the hedonic and the adjustment grid methods. The derived linear and log-linear models are tested by means of a case study. The models prove to have high explanatory power. The weight of each hybrid attribute is estimated to vary between 1% and 10%. Overall, these attributes contribute to 17-23% of the property prices. The validation performed using the grid adjustment method shows that the estimated marginal prices are effective in adjusting the prices per unit area of the comparables.

MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT SAAT PANDEMI MELALUI PENATAAN PASAR TRADISIONAL (PASAR BSI, BOGOR TIMUR)

In this Covid -19 situation or not, effort to improve people’s welfare for must be carried out. The availability of traditional market stall on Jalan Kol Achmad Syam, east Bogor is very limited, but the residents of Baranang Siang and Katulampa still use the market for household shopping in the Covid -19 situation either morning or night. The minimum number of kiosks is caused by the arrangement that is no optimal. The pattern of movement of market visitors is also two-way and some even from kiosks pocket-some so that it has the potential to increase physical contact. The more kiosks are built and provided, the more chance people or vendor doing business, this is the goal of improving the welfare of residents can be achieved. In addition, the purpose of this arrangement can also be realized for locations that have the same or similar character. The descriptive method is very well supported by the SNI Traditional Market approach and Kevin Lync’s theory. This method is able to produce a large number of market stalls. The arrangement pattern is also able to separate groups of vendor according to function, including new dishes for direct consumtion (fresh food) so as to support health programs.Dalam situasi Covid 19 atau tidak, usaha peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat harus tetap dilakukan. Ketersediaan kios pasar tradisional di jalan Kol Achmad Syam Bogor Timur sangat minim, namun warga Baranang Siang Indah dan Katulampa tetap memanfaatan pasar untuk berbelanja rumah-tangga dalam situasi Covid19 baik pagi atau malam. Minimnya jumlah kios disebabkan oleh penataan yang tidak optimal. Pola pergerakan penggunjung pasar juga dua arah bahkan ada yang membentuk kantong kios sehingga berpotensi peningkatan kontak fisik. Semakin banyak kios dibangun akan semakin banyak tempat usaha yang bisa dilakukan oleh warga, dengan demikian tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan warga dapat tercapai. Selain itu tujuan penataan ini bisa diwujudkan pula bagi lokasi-lokasi yang memiliki karakter sama atau serupa. Metode diskriptif sangat terdukung dengan adanya pendekatan SNI Pasar Tradisional dan teori Kevin Linc. Metode tersebut mampu menghasilkan jumlah kios pasar lebih banyak jumlahnya. Pola penataan juga mampu memisahkan kelompok kios sesuai fungi, termasuk masakan baru untuk langsung dikonsumsi (fresh food) sehingga mendukung program kesehatan

The Portuguese Road to Neoliberalism (1976–1989)

The Portuguese constitution, passed in April 1976, considered the nationalisations undertaken after the Carnation Revolution to be ‘irreversible’, prescribing a development model based on state planning. Changes made to the constitutional text, in 1989, allowed for a privatisation programme that curtailed government intervention and reinforced market provision. This mirrored a previous shift in the public sphere. Whereas political debate in 1976 was mostly centred on state-led development models, the next decade witnessed the rise of a pro-market approach. Two crises of the balance of payments encouraged a growing number of economists, businessmen, journalists and politicians to argue for the need to revise the constitution, enhancing the role and scope of markets. This article focuses on the rise of a neoliberal intellectual field in Portugal between 1976 and 1989, analysing its efforts to overcome the legacy of the Carnation Revolution and build a competitive market order in a semiperipheral context.

How valuation approach choice affects financial analysts’ target price accuracy

This paper examines which valuation approaches financial analysts use to value a company and whether the chosen valuation approach affects the target price accuracy. To address these questions, we conduct content analyses of 867 hand-collected analyst reports on German publicly listed companies published between January 2014 and June 2017. We find that sell-side analysts more frequently use the single-period market approach when formulating target prices, followed by the multi-period income approach, and a mixture of both by combining the results, the so-called hybrid valuation approach. Additionally, we show that 612 of the analyzed analyst reports are based on a holistic valuation methodology instead of a sum of the parts valuation technique. Both univariate and multivariate analyses emphasize that the choice of valuation approach is significantly associated with the accuracy of price targets. Specifically, the income and market approach lead to significantly more accurate target prices compared to the hybrid approach. We also find that the target price accuracy is higher when analysts apply the holistic rather than the sum of the parts valuation approach to determine the fundamental value of the company. Additional results emphasize that target price accuracy improves when analysts use the sum of the parts valuation that bases solely on market or income approaches rather than hybrid approaches. Hence, we contribute to theory and practice by providing evidence on the link between the choice of valuation approach and the analysts’ target price accuracy as well as on the performance of certain valuation techniques.

INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS IN THE FUNCTION OF BAZAARS’ PROMOTION

Bazaars are important topic in historical and also modern market approach, as one of the basic marketing channals for sale of agriculture products. Perception of bazaar markets in the future is not real without usage of integrated marketing communications in comuniaction with costumers. IMC enable for bazaars to make an efficient contact with consumers and other public, for the purpise of fullfiling busines aims of bazaars on market. Research results show that the efficiency of bussines is manifested in tactical integrated marketing communications. By experience method and methods of marketing research, we came to conclusion that integrated marketing communications may promote bazaars on the market using sinergy of different instruments. The conclusion is that IMK are much cheaper in comparison to mass comunications and ti is possible to promote bazaars on the market and stress their social role, using IMK.

Management of based on public private partnership auto-recycling projects

The article is devoted to the acute problem connected with managing autorecycling projects in accordance with the environmental security requirements and economic effectiveness. Lately, the problem of environmentally-friendly recycling of used automotive components has become very urgent in Russia due to the increasing number of cars in the country. The existing car recycling programs do not solve this problem as they deal with cars and do not recycle separate car components. Environmental fee (or eco fee) existing in our country does not cover all range of used automotive components as well, and the existing organizational and economic autorecycling mechanism makes it impossible to solve environmental problems according to the market approach in full. Therefore, it is essential to develop a mechanism for managing autorecycling projects which would involve both effective market approaches and the state ones. To this end, the authors suggest exploiting public-private partnership (PPP) to increase environmental and economic efficiency in implementing autorecycling projects. The focus is made on such forms of public-private partnership as delegation of control and concession. It is suggested to make concession of infrastructure facilities and areas for stocking used automotive components which are not recyclable. Some government functions in managing automotive components’ sorting can be delegated as well as management of finance. As a result, exploiting PPP tools in managing autorecycling projects will provide the opportunity for maintaining “transparency” of financial flows in handling used automotive components, recyclers will be encouraged to introduce safe and modern recycling technologies and the level of environmental risks in managing autorecycling projects will be reduced.

immigration of Argentinean Jews to Winnipeg : Emigration and Successful Settlement

Manitoba has strategized from 2002 onwards to incorporate a free-market approach into Manitoba's Provincial Nominee Programme in order to fulfill its labour market goals. In the grand scheme of attracting new Argentinean Jewish immigrants, it was an opportunity for these people to leave their homeland that was suffering under an economic depression and a currency crisis. Both the provincial government (through the Manitoba Provincial Nominee Programme) and an ethno-cultural institution (the Jewish Federation of Winnipeg) forged a partnership that matched these immigrants with jobs and also helped integrate them into the Winnipeg Jewish community. Seventeen interviews of Argentinean Jews now living in Winnipeg explained how they had a choice of emigrating to Spain, Israel or the United States but they selected Winnipeg and they give their reasons for doing so.